"ملف رقم 10/3 III امتياز نفط قطر" [ظ‎‎١‎٥‎٠] (٤٧٠/٣٢٢)

P.Z. 299/31..
The Anglo-Turkish Convention of July 1913.
5 Discussion over the years 1911-13 between the Turkish Government and
His Majesty's Government on the various matters m dispute between them m the
Persian Gulf area culminated in the latter year m the signatare of two Convention,
defining inter alia the eastern limits of Turkish authority m Arabia. The t onveution
of 29th July 1913, which defined the eastern boundary of Nejd is alone relevant for
the present purpose. Under that Convention which though reference is made to it
in the ratified Anglo-Turkish Convention of 9th March 1914 was never itself ratified,
the eastern boundary of the Turkish Sanjaq of Nejd was defined by a blue me on
the map running due south from the head of the bay opposite Zaqnnniyeh Island in
the Persian Gulf to the 20th parallel of latitude in the Central Arabian Desert. The
text of the relevant article is given in section If of the Appendix attached to this Note.
Its wording (" nne ligue . . . separera le Nedjd de la presqn lie d El ICatr U s
limites du Nedjd sont indiquees par une ligne bleue . . . ) would justify the
contention that the blue line was at once the eastern frontier of Nejd and the western
frontier of Qatar. But there are definite objections to^ adopting this view. In the
first place, there is nothing to show tbat this was, m fact, the intention of His
Majesty's Government at the time when the Convention was concluded, or that they
had any object beyond limiting the eastern boundary of the Turkish possessions in
this area. Secondly, there is no evidence of any claim to suzerainty by Qatar so far
to the west or so far to the south. Thirdly, the Resident's telegram of 11th January
1934, T. 19, emphasises the absence of control by the Sheikh of Qatar over the interior
of his State (and a fortiori over regions so remote from Dohah as _ are now under
consideration). Fourthlv (though this by itself is probably not of serious importance)
the position vis-a-vis Ibn Saud is to some extent compromised, as explained below,
at any rate as regards the Barr-al-Qarah, by the line fixed by Sir Percy Cox in 1922.
Fifthly, it is arguable that even in a formal document such as the 1913 Convention,
the fact that the blue line is spoken of separating Nejd from the Qatar Peninsula,
need not be regarded as determining the boundary of Qatar. The Qatar Peninsula
was the closest prominent geographical feature and the nearest adjoining Arab political
entity on the mainland, and a reference to it for descriptive purposes was not unnatural.
Finally, there is much to be said for giving no avoidable extensions to the boundaries
of Qatar, even if the consequence is that we have to deal with an area of indeterminate
ownership between those boundaries and the blue line.
L ine indicated in 1922 by S ir P. Cox to I bn S aud and M ajor H olmes as the E astern
L imit of any O il C oncession in respect of H asa.
6. One more incident of importance should be recorded before coming to the
latest evidence as to the view held by the Sheikh of Qatar as to his southern
boundary. The incident is that referred to in Colonel Dickson's letter of 4th July
1933, No. 143, to the Political Resident, copies of which were received under the
Political Resident's express letter of 18th December 1933, No. 1934 S., when Sir
p.z. 180/34. Percy Cox, who was then High Commissioner for Iraq, in a discussion at Oqairin 1922
with Ibn Saud, then Sultan of Nejd, and Major Holmes, warned both the Sultan
and Major Holmes that the Sultan could grant no concession, and Major Holmes
receive none from him, in respect of the Principality of Qatar, and drew on a map
a line running from Djau-ed-Dukhan to Dohat-as-Salwa, which, he indicated, must
represent the eastern boundary of any concession granted by Ibn Saud in respect
of Hasa. feuch a line, as will be seen from the map, excludes the whole Qatar
Peninsula (and incidentally a substantia] area lying to the west of the blue line
of the Anglo-Turkish Convention). It also includes in Hasa an area to the east of the
blue line of the Anglo-Turkish Convention. It should, however, be noted that while
it constituted a definite indication of the High Commissioner's view as to the eastern
boundary of Hasa, it in no way specifically defined the boundaries of Qatar save in so
far as Qatar might be regarded as marching with Hasa and Nejd, or might be
i m aS heen granted a western frontier bounded by the blue line of the
191 o Convention at the time when that Convention was concluded.^'
7- The statement reported in Bushire Memorandum No. 947 S. of 20th December
looo t0 i have , be f n "T 1 * 3 Sir R Cox that Ibl1 Saud had agreed with Sir P. Cox, in
■J , the boundary line between Nejd and Qatar should follow a line running
ue south from the end of the bay south of Bahrein Island and just east of Mabak as
prinlfasApTend" IVTZ ^ e0Iltailled ^ ^ ^ dated 27th FebraarJr m
Bushire
Memo. 947 S.
of 20th Dec.
1922.
P.Z. 464/
33.