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‘Persian Gulf gazetteer. Part 1. Historical and political materials. Précis of Katar [Qatar] affairs, 1873-1904.’ [‎27r] (53/92)

The record is made up of 1 volume (46 folios). It was created in 1904. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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I
43
if it came under Turkish colours explanations must be demanded and if not
satisfactory, warning should be given that an advance within 3 miles would be
i> » me jo 1.T ^ resisted by fire. The Secretary of State
Pro. No. 136of Secret E., October 1896. Noa. 64-155. i n , J
approved or these proposals.
168. The Pigeon was ordered to Bahrein on 17th August and arrangements
Noa. 133 to 138 of Secret B., October 1896, Nos 64- were also made for despatching a regimenc
165. or Wing ot native mtantry from Bombay
to Bahrein by the Canning. This arrangement was subsequently cancelled
Secret E, October 1895, Nos. 336 81. 88 110 '™ 0 P3 Were needed but the
was ordered to proceed to Zobarah in
addition to the Fegion.
169. As regards the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. 's report that the Mudir of Zobarah
Pro. 369 Of Secret E„ October 1895, No.. 336.381. Ji!" 1 decIared Bahrein unconditionally and
Katar coast as partly, snb]ect to Ottoman
jurisdiction, Her Majesty's Ambassador by direction of the Foreign Office
addressed a remonstrance to the Porte (dated 12th August 1895) on the proceed
ings of their loeal ofiicers in Katar coast, over which Her Majesty's Government
do not recognize Turkish jurisdiction and informed them that all Turkish
claims to Bahrein, which is under the protection of the Queen of England,
were totally inadmissible and that measures would be taken to protect the
island from aggression.
Pro. 56 of Secret e ., February i897i Nos. 157* 170. Again a memorandum was
158 communicated to the Turkish Ambassador
in London on 22nd August 1895 in which it was stated.—
" Ris Majesty's Government do not admit that the part of the coast (Katar coast) it
under Turkish jurisdiction and they have several times given notice of this to the Turkish
Government and have notified to them that Bahrein is under British protection"
It was also added that the above mentioned contention of the Mudir of
Zobarah could not in any way be admitted.
171. The Mutesarrif of Hasa wrote to the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. on the 19th
Pro. No. 149 of Secret b ., October 1895, Nos. 64- August accusing him of breaking the peace
15t> ' of the Nejd coast by seizing boats ; warn
ing him that Katar people felt impelled to attack Bahrein ; stating that he
had restrained them hitherto, but could not restrain them longer ; asking for
the return of the boats seized by Commander Pelly, and advising the removal
of British subjects from Bahrein within 17 days from 19th August. The Poli
tical Resident proposed to reply that the fullest responsibility rested on the
Turkish officials. He also advised the release by force of Bahrein boats whose
detention at Zobarah was reported in his telegram of the 27th July.
Pro, 338 of Secret E., October 1895, No8. 336-381. J" 72 * Th0 ^st proposal Was reCOm-
mended to the Secretary of State and
was approved by the India office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. (telegram dated 7th September 1895).
173. Commander J. H. Pelly having sent Her Majesty's ship Pigeon
Fro. 348 of Secret E., October 1895, Nos. 336-381. t0 Watch hostile dhows at Zobarah receiv
ed a report on 15th September that the
Mudir had boarded the tc Pigeon" and ordered her immediate departure, using
threats in case of refusal and intimating that Jasim would attack Bahrein and the
Turks would join the attack. Commander Pelly proceeded to Zobarah on the 6th
September and finding boats armed ready for attack determined that destruction
of hostile fleet was the only way to prevent the attack and plunder of Bahrein.
TV ritten warning was conveyed to Jasim in the afternoon and after one hour the
Pigeon and opened fire and destroyed forty-four dhows. On the morning
of the 7th September, the Turkish officials and flag were no longer at Zobarah.
Jasim fl«w flag of truce and wrote offering to surrender, begging for pardon and
stating that the Mutasarrif had ordered the collection of boats. Terms offered
by Captain Pelly were Al-bin-Ali to evacuate Zobarah and return to Bahrein ;
(2) restoration of the Bahrein boats and (3) dispersal of the Bedouins, Jasim
pleaded that he had no desire to oppose and accepted the terms.
174 j . The results of the operations undertaken were thus found to be
Secret E., March 1896, Nos. 193.20a. ver y satisfactory. About forty-four of
the Arab dhows were destroyed and
several others captured. Zobarah was abandoned by the Turks, and a large

About this item

Content

The volume, stamped ‘Confidential’ on the front cover, is part 1 (historical and political materials) of a précis of Qatar (spelt Katar throughout) affairs for the years 1873 to 1904. It was prepared by Judge Jerome Antony Saldanha of the Bombay Provincial Civil Service, and published in 1904 by the Government of India Foreign Department, Simla, India.

The main subjects of the précis, which is comprised chiefly of extracts from Government correspondence, run as follows:

  • Turkish movements in Qatar, 1873; Chief of Bahrain (spelt Bahrein throughout) advised to keep aloof from complications in Qatar, 1873;
  • British intervention refused to Chief of Debai [Dubai] in case robberies committed against vessels of his subjects on Qatar coast, 1873;
  • Threatened attack on Bahrain and Qatar (Zobarah [Zubara]) by the Bedouin tribes of Beni Hajir, 1874;
  • Complaints of Turkey about Chief of Bahrain’s encroachments in Qatar, 1874;
  • The Beni Hajir attack Zubara and commit piracies, 1875;
  • Aggressive policy of the Turks and establishment of a new Turkish province on the Arabian littoral of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ;
  • Plunder of a Bahrain boat by the Beni Hajir and an excessive contribution levied by the Chief of Bidaa [Al-Bidda] on British Indian traders residing there;
  • Claims preferred by the Government of Basrah [Basra] on behalf of the inhabitants of Qatar against certain residents of Bahrain, 1876;
  • Alleged ill-treatment of British Indian subjects, 1879;
  • Piracies at Zubara – destruction of Zubara by Shaikh Jasim [Jāsim bin Muḥammad Āl Thānī], 1878;
  • Ill-treatment of Indian traders, 1879;
  • Question of suppression of piracies on the Arab coast. Claims of the Turks to Odeid [’Odaid] (1871-81); previous history of ’Odaid, 1837-76;
  • History of ’Odaid continued, question of Turkish jurisdiction on the Qatar coast, and suppression of piracies, 1878-81;
  • Removal of section of the Al-bu-Kowareh tribe from Al-Bidda to Foweyrat [Fujairat], 1879;
  • Threatened attack on Bahrain by Nasir-bin-Mobarik [Nasir bin Mubarak] and Shaikh Jāsim of Al-Bidda, 1881;
  • Shaikh Jāsim’s desire to occupy ’Odaid, 1881;
  • Policy as to the relations to be maintained with Shaikh Jāsim and the Turkish Government in Qatar, 1881;
  • Ill-treatment of British subjects by Shaikh Jāsim and exaction of a fine from him, 1880-82;
  • Protest of the Porte against British proceedings at Al-Bidda. British disclaimer of Turkish jurisdiction in Qatar, 1883;
  • Shaikh Jāsim’s projected expedition against a branch of the Beji Hajirs in 1884;
  • Fight between the Ejman [Ajman] and allied tribes on one side and Morah and Monasir tribes on the other, 1884;
  • Disputes between Shaikh Jāsim and the Chief of Abuthabi [Abu Dhabi], Jāsim’s intentions to occupy ’Odaid and the ill-treatment of Bedouins at Al-Bidda, 1885-86;
  • Outrages against Indian subjects under Jāsim’s instigation, and Shaikh Jāsim made to pay a fine, 1887;
  • Protests of the Porte against British Government proceedings, 1888;
  • Question of withdrawal of the Turkish garrison from Al-Bidda;
  • Turkish expansion along the Arab coast and the policy of the British Government, 1888;
  • Hostilities between Shaikh Jāsim and Shaikh Zaid [Zayed bin Khalifa] of Abu Dhabi, reported movements of the Chief of Jabal Shamer Ibn Rashid towards Oman in order to aid Shaikh Jāsim, 1888-89;
  • Jāsim carrying munitions of war by sea, 1889;
  • Turkish project of rebuilding Zubara, 1888;
  • Turkish measures for establishing their jurisdiction on a firmer basis on the Arab coast. Increase of Turkish forces in Qatar, 1888;
  • Intrigues of Jāsim against Abu Dhabi, 1889-90;
  • Turkish projects for rebuilding Zubara and ’Odaid, 1890-91;
  • Hostilities between Shaikh Jāsim and the Turks, 1891-93;
  • British policy towards Jāsim during the hostilities. Chief of Bahrain and Abu Dhabi, 1893;
  • Question of Turkish jurisdiction in Qatar, 1893;
  • Removal by Turkish authorities of the British flag from a boat at Al-Bidda, 1897;
  • Occupation of Zubara by the Al-bin-Ali tribe with the support of the Turks and Shaikh Jāsim. Threatened attack of Bahrain, and the energetic measures taken to expel the settlement, 1895;
  • Arab rising against the Turks in Qatar;
  • Disturbances off the Qatar coast between the Amamera and Al-bin-Ali tribes, 1900;
  • Piracies committed by the Beni Hajir off the Qatar coast, 1900;
  • Reconsideration of our general policy on the Arab side of the Gulf;
  • (1) Proposed British protectorate over the Chief of Qatar; (2) Aggressive action of the Porte in attempted to establish mudirates at ’Odaid, Wakra and Zubara, 1902-04.

The appendices are as follows:

Extent and format
1 volume (46 folios)
Arrangement

The contents of the précis are arranged in rough chronological order, and organised under a number of subheadings, with each paragraph numbered from 1 to 229. Three appendicies follow the main précis. There is a contents page at the front of the volume (f 5) which lists the subheadings with their corresponding paragraph numbers. The appendices are referenced using the volume’s pagination system.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the front cover and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.

Pagination: The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence, with page numbers located top and centre of each page.

Written in
English in Latin script
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‘Persian Gulf gazetteer. Part 1. Historical and political materials. Précis of Katar [Qatar] affairs, 1873-1904.’ [‎27r] (53/92), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/20/C243, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023526379.0x000037> [accessed 28 March 2024]

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