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Coll 17/1 'Iraq-Nejd Relations: Bon Voisinage Agreement and Extradition; Treaty of Friendship, 1936' [‎112r] (223/857)

The record is made up of 1 file (428 folios). It was created in 3 Jan 1931-6 May 1940. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

Transcription

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3
Article 3.
Should any dispute between either high contracting party and a third State
produce a situation involving a threat of war, in that case the high contracting
parties shall jointly endeavour to settle such dispute by peaceful means in
accordance with such international undertakings as may be applicable to the case.
Article 4.
(a) In the event of an act of aggression being committed against either high
contracting party by a third State notwithstanding efforts exerted in accordance
with the provisions of article 3 above, and similarly in the event of the occurrence
of a sudden act of aggression which does not leave time for the application of
the provisions of article 3 referred to above, the high contracting parties shall
consult together regarding the measures which shall be taken with the object of
concerting their efforts in a useful manner to repel the said aggression.
(b) The following shall be deemed acts of aggression : —
(1) The declaration of war.
(2) The seizure by an armed force of a third State of territory belonging to
either high contracting party, even without a declaration of war.
(3) An attack on the territory, vessels or aircraft of either high contracting
party by the land, naval or air forces of a third State, even without a
declaration of war.
(4) Direct or indirect support or assistance to the aggressor.
(c) The following shall not be deemed acts of aggression
(1) The exercise of the right of legitimate defence, i.e., resisting any act of
aggression as defined above.
(2) Action taken in enforcement of article 16 of the Covenant of the League
of Nations.
(3) Action taken in pursuance of a decision emanating from the League of
Nations or the Council of the League of Nations, or in enforcement
of clause 7 of article 15 of the Covenant of the League of Nations,
provided that in the last case action is directed against the State
which was the first to attack.
(4) Assistance by a third State to another State attacked or whose territory
is invaded by one of the high contracting parties contrary to the
provisions of the Treaty for the Renunciation of War, signed at Paris
on the 27th August. 1928, to which both high contracting parties have
adhered.
Article 5.
In the event of the outbreak of disturbances or disorders in the territory of
one of the high contracting parties, each of them undertakes reciprocally as
follows :—
(1) To take all possible measures—
(a) To make it impossible for insurgents to utilise his territory against the
interests of the other high contracting party, and
(b) To prevent his subjects from taking part in the disturbances or disorders
or from helping r or encouraging the insurgents, and
(c) To prevent any kind of help being given to the insurgents either directly
from his own territory or otherwise.
(2) In the event of insurgents from the territory of one of the high
contracting parties taking refuge in the territory of the other high contracting
party, the latter shall immediately disarm them and remove them to an area from
which it shall be impossible for them to do any harm to the country of the other
high contracting party until such time as the two high contracting parties shall
have reached a decision regarding their future.
[681 p-1] b 2

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Content

This file contains papers regarding relations between the Government of Iraq and the Government of Hejaz and Najd (later Saudi Arabia). It documents negotiations for the conclusion of the 1931 Bon Voisinage An agreement or treaty based on principles of 'good neighbourliness', often signed between countries which share borders. Agreement, Arbitration Protocol and Extradition Treaty, and the 1936 Treaty of Friendship (also referred to as the Treaty of Alliance). It includes discussions on: the treatment of tribal and political offenders; proposals for an alliance or federation of Arab states; customs arrangements between Iraq and Saudi Arabia; the first Iraqi diplomatic mission to Najd and the Hejaz in 1932; delimitation of the border; abolition of the neutral zone at Tawal [Tawāl]; and an agreement concerning the rights of the Shammar tribes.

The papers primarily comprise correspondence between the Foreign Office, HM Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan, later Stonehewer-Bird), the High Commissioner for Iraq (Francis Henry Humphrys), and the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Political Department. The file also contains correspondence between these officials and the Iraqi and Saudi Ministries for Foreign Affairs, as well as translations of notes communicated by the Iraqi Prime Minister (Nuri Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. ) and Ibn Sa'ud ['Abd al-'Azīz bin 'Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa'ūd].

In addition to the correspondence, the following treaty texts and minutes are found within the file:

  • Draft texts of the Bon Voisinage An agreement or treaty based on principles of 'good neighbourliness', often signed between countries which share borders. Treaty, Arbitration Protocol and Extradition Treaty, signed at Mecca on 7-8 April, ff 269-280.
  • Memorandum by HM Embassy at Iraq on the proposed Iraqi-Saudi Treaty of Friendship, ff 171-172.
  • English translations of drafts of the proposed treaty, ff 183-186, 153-160.
  • English translation of the version of the Treaty of Friendship signed on 2 April 1936, ff 110-139.
  • Notes on the Saudi-Iraq Boundary dispute, ff 105-108.
  • English translation of the Residence and Passport Agreement between Iraq and Saudi Arabia, signed 1936, ff 88.
  • Notes on a meeting between Maurice Peterson and the Iraqi Minister for Foreign Affairs, 1939, ff 73-75.

The file includes dividers which give lists of correspondence references contained in the file by year. These are placed at the end of the correspondence (folios 2-3).

Extent and format
1 file (428 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in rough chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 428; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-427; these numbers are written in pencil, but are not circled.

Written in
English in Latin script
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Coll 17/1 'Iraq-Nejd Relations: Bon Voisinage Agreement and Extradition; Treaty of Friendship, 1936' [‎112r] (223/857), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/2845, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100043703121.0x00001a> [accessed 29 March 2024]

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