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Coll 6/8(1) 'Printed Series: 1929 to 1938.' [‎22r] (48/1062)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (527 folios). It was created in 6 Jan 1929-15 Jan 1938. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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5
in ^
I® let*. ^
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Wish
Enclosure 10 to S. No* (1).
El Haj Abdulla Philby : activities in the Hadheamaut.
It is reported by Sheikh Omer Baobeid, a well-known merchant in
Aden, who arrived from his country (Shibam) last week, that El Haj
Abdulla Philhy stayed many days at Shibam and told the people there
that the object of his visit was to open a motor road from Nejran to the
Hadhramaut and to encourage the trade in Ford cars, as he is a Ford
Agent in Hejaz.
nardE*
,r Mkpti
He praised highly Ibn Saud, Abdul Aziz, and advised the Aqils and
Sheikhs to proceed to Hejaz and to conclude a treaty with Abdul Aziz, as
the latter is willing to accept this and will do his best to please them in
everything.
3d to maid
ady reporttl
ie advait^
be conil®
iththeSa’ii
d “inteii| :
ftheHadk
otectorate, i
In the Hadhramaut most of the people were astonished to hear this
and replied that their country was under British protection. He told
them it was wrong to say that, as the Hadhramaut is an independent country
and they had a lot to gain by concluding a treaty with Ibn Saud. He also
said that from Nejran to the border of the Hadhramaut all the tribes agreed
to be under Saudi protection. He tried to convince the Hadhramant
people of the generosity of Ibn Saud and advised them to take this chance
and to accompany him back to Hejaz.
He spoke ill of the British Government’s policy and indicted the British
for their cruelty towards the Arabs of Palestine. He used his radio daily
whilst there and allowed anyone who wished to hear it. His radio apparatus
sqid to be of a verv costly type and can work from one battery for a thou-
'Mlby’s Sa'i
l Qu’aitite
d myself t!
d to a cei
imunitiesTt:
uers and!
rshadi elei
e of the Sell
dth, I, to
idi propfii
^beenengf
r Mr. Pip
who has Ini
arent desire t
j to betlefc
jtorical inters
for his r®
1, he could®
o, but,in®
averiunent®-
ia, and oil
.nt is wiif :
] the unoffifii
3 d bytheli
sand hours.
It is said that last year some of the Aqils of the Hadhramaut visited Ibn
Saud and returned to their country praising the Sultan’s generosity.
Three of the head Sheikhs of the well-known Hadhramaut tribe of Saar,
accompanied Philby to Hejaz to visit the Saudi Sultan.
Philhy had with him three Ford cars (two lorries and a four-seater).
He came to the Hadhramaut with the small car and one lorry; the second
lorry was kept at Shubwa.
He was very modest and generous and the Hadhramaut people liked
him very much.
Enclosure 11 to S. No. (1).
T etter prom His Highness the Sultan of Shihe and Mukalla, to the
Acting Resident.
After our arrival at Mukalla we interviewed Sheikh ’Abdullah Philby
everal occasions. We gathered from his conversations with us that
P n ? • hlv praises the Sa’udi Government in a way which signifies a spirit
• J propaganda in their favour.
Ti was clear from information received from the persons with whom he
i ^ interviews both at Mukalla and Hadhramaut, that he had spread pro-
had favour 0 f the Sa’udi Government. He also told many persons
paganaa ^ Q ove r nme nt are prepared to render assistance to the Hadh-
that , people ask for it. He also explained that the tribesmen living
raxnaut ii f vp all en t e red into an agreement with the Sa’udi Govern-
I assun^
ga’udi Go®’
beyond ^ no one dar e to interfere with any traveller while on his
ment ana tx ^ ^ Mecca. While this does not coincide with the true facts
way from ivi „ himself was not able to pass through the borders
(because ^ / bevond A1 ’Abr except by means of an escort from
jn®!, 1 ®!
of I*
tywvtW
of t he tribesme l^of tbs nature creates anxiety in the minds of the
them) yet p tl ? s § necessitates the taking of precautionary measures.
peopl , nnpmns of a road for motor traffic between the Hadhra*
Similarly th p m escribe(i b y Sheikh ’Abdullah Philby calls
-nnut and Najran iu, . ^ x-in/-. winch mi^ht be
she In*!
xaaut ^ also on account ot tne resmrs wmon xiiigiiu ue
broughrabout by the opening of such a route. Apart from the fact that no
55(C) ExAffaireDept

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Content

This volume compiles printed copies of letters, telegrams, memoranda and newspaper extracts relating to Britain's involvement across the Arabian Peninsula during the period 1929-1938. Whilst the correspondence encompasses all matters concerning British interests in the region, much of it relates to Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] and the Kingdom of the Hejaz and Nejd (later Saudi Arabia). Matters discussed in the correspondence include the following:

  • Reports of unrest in the Hejaz.
  • Relations between Imam Yeha Hamid-Ud-Din [Yaḥyá Muḥammad Ḥamīd al-Dīn, Imam of Yemen] and Ibn Saud.
  • Reports of raids and arms trafficking on the Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan -Nejd frontier.
  • Reports of the proceedings of British naval ships in the Red Sea.
  • Details of the Akhwan [Ikhwan] revolt against Ibn Saud, including the movements of one of the revolt's leaders, Faisal Dawish [Fayṣal bin Sulṭān al-Dawīsh], and his surrender to the British in Kuwait.
  • Relations between Kuwait and Nejd.
  • Relations between Iraq and Nejd, including a proposed meeting between Ibn Saud and King Faisal [Fayṣal] of Iraq, and reports of a treaty of alliance between Iraq and Saudi Arabia.
  • Objections from the Hejaz Government to Royal Air Force aircraft flying over Nejd territory.
  • The purchase of arms by the Hejaz Government from Poland.
  • Ibn Saud's annexation of Asir.
  • The death of King Hussein [Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī].
  • Harry St John Bridger Philby's conversion to Islam, his mapping of Rub-al-Khali, and his reported spreading of Saudi propaganda in the Aden Protectorate.
  • The currency exchange crisis in the Hejaz-Nejd and the financial situation in the kingdom generally.
  • Reports on a survey of the water and mineral content of the Hejaz coastal area.
  • Relations between Soviet Russia and Saudi Arabia.
  • The emigration of Jews from Yemen to Palestine, via Aden.
  • British fears that Italy might harbour ambitions to annex Yemen.
  • Saudi oil concessions.
  • Italian-Saudi relations.

Prominent correspondents include the following: the British Agent (later His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires) at Jeddah; His Majesty's Minister at Jeddah; the High Commissioner for Egypt; the High Commissioner for Iraq; the High Commissioner for Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan ; the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Kuwait; the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. (later Chief Commissioner, and later still, Governor), Aden; the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; His Majesty's Ambassador to Iraq; His Majesty's Ambassador to Italy; the Secretary of State for the Colonies; the Minister (and Acting Minister) for Foreign Affairs for the Kingdom of the Hejaz and Nejd (later Saudi Arabia); Ibn Saud; King Feisal of Iraq; the Prime Minister of Iraq; various officials of the Colonial Office, the Foreign Office, the Air Ministry, and the Admiralty.

The French material in the volume consists of several items of correspondence and a copy of a treaty between France and Yemen, which was signed in April 1936.

The volume includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the volume by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.

Extent and format
1 volume (527 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.

The items of correspondence are divided (roughly) into various sections. Each extract or item of correspondence within these sections has its own number, which is enclosed in brackets. These numbers proceed in ascending (and approximate chronological) order from left to right; however, the sections themselves proceed in reverse, from the rear to the front of the volume, in distinct groups (e.g. for 1929 numbers 1-23, which are located at folios 517-526, are followed by numbers 24-49 at folios 509-516, which are then followed by numbers 50-89 at folios 494-508, and so on).

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 529; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.

Pagination: each section of correspondence within the volume (as described in the arrangement field) has its own pagination sequence.

Written in
English and French in Latin script
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Coll 6/8(1) 'Printed Series: 1929 to 1938.' [‎22r] (48/1062), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/2071, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100061765163.0x000031> [accessed 28 March 2024]

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