!['File 9/4 Bahrain Reforms. Introduction of Reforms in Bahrain' [‎8v] (33/224)](https://iiif.qdl.qa/iiif/images/81055/vdc_100000000193.0x000362/IOR_R_15_2_131_0033.jp2/full/!1200,1200/0/default.jpg "'File 9/4 Bahrain Reforms. Introduction of Reforms in Bahrain' [‎8v] (33/224)")
'File 9/4 Bahrain Reforms. Introduction of Reforms in Bahrain' [8v] (33/224)
The record is made up of 1 volume (98 folios). It was created in 30 Dec 1921-27 Jul 1924. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
Enclosure No. 2 to Serial Jso. 12.
Copy of a letter marked " private " handed to the
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
, Bahrain, by SJiaik
Hamad bin Esa.
To my esteemed friend Major C. K. Daly.
After compliments. —My dear friend, I clierisli hopes that you are pleased
with my conduct of affairs since I took over their control, in spite of the difficulties
which I have experienced from the opposition of my younger brother Abdulla,
for which reason there may have been delay in carrying out some of the improve
ments we both desire, but I am sure you are satisfied with me. You heard what
my brother said yesterday in the presence of my honoured father, that in future
he would not oppose me, and I sincerely hope he will keep his word, which will
be patent from results. Nevertheless I think it incumbent on me as a precaution
for the future, to explain to you the situation so that I may be free from blame
if he (Abdulla) does not keep his word. I beg you to convey this privately to our
common friend Colonel Trevor in order that he may have the information.
Your friend,
Signed and sealed by Hamad bin Esa A1 Khalifeh.
Seeial No . 14.
No. 209-S., dated Bushire, the llth (received the 20th) March 1922.
From—The Hon'ble Lieutenant-Colonel A. P. Trevor , C .S .I., C .I.E., Political
Resident in the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
.
Subject.—Ojop'mzon of his subjects by the ShaiJc of Bahrain and his family.
With reference to the correspondence ending with your telegram No. 119-S,,
dated 30th Januaiy regarding the oppression of Bahrain subjects by the Shaik
and his family, I have the honour to report as follows.
On receipt of your abovementioned telegram I consulted the
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
,
Bahrain, as to the best method of delivering the warning to the Shaik. The
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
suggested that in order to differentiate the visit from an ordinary
visit of inspection and to make it more impressive the " Lawrence " might be
accompanied by one of His Majesty's ships. I agreed that this would be a
good thing. Owing, however, to the fact that no ship was available till the middle
of February and that after that H. M. S. " Cyclamen the only ship in the
Gulf, was required elsewhere, my visit had to be deferred till the 1st March
and then postponed till the 7th March. This turned out to be a good thing for
two reasons, firstly because the Bahrainis made a successful demonstration
against the oppression of the Shaik's family early in February, and secondly,
because when my visit was postponed Shaik^Abdulla heard about it and ran
away with the idea that drastic action was about to be taken against him, and
before it actually took place became thoroughly frightened. He called on the
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
and implored his assistance ; Major Daly replied that he saw
inadequate grounds for interfering. Finally, Shaik Abdulla wrote a letter
admitting his opposition to Shaik Hamad and to the
Agency
An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent.
, promising to mend
his wa} s in the future and declaring that he would do all in his power to please
Government in future.
<{ ^ matter was thus almost settled before I arrived on the 7th in K T M S.
1 Lawrence ' accompanied by H.M.S. " Cyclamen ". The Shaik paid the usual
\isit to me on board the ' Lawrence " and received his salute on leaving After
I had returned his call at his " mujlis " room over the Customs, and all his relatives
an ot ler people had left, T gave Shaik Esa a warning on the lines of your telegram
men ^uer a JO\e. n view of the fact that the Bahrainis had already made a suc
cessful demonstration, Shaik Esa has at last realized that he is in a dangerous
portion, and the warning carried additional weight. Shaik Abdulla was then
called m and warned that if he continued his recent behaviour he would certainly
get into trouble He made all sorts of protestations regarding his intention to
urn o\er a new ea and try and work with
Agency
An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent.
and please the Government
About this item
- Content
The volume contains printed copies of Government of India confidential correspondence, relating to the Bahrain reforms. The majority of the letters contained in volume are printed copies of correspondence originally sent to the Government of India either by the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (Lieutenant-Colonel Arthur Trevor or Acting Resident Lieutenant-Colonel Stuart Knox), or the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. at Bahrain (Major Clive Daly). Much of the correspondence featured in the volume can be found in the original (or as office copies) in a number of files in the two Bahrain Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. subsubseries ‘File 9 Bahrain Reforms’ (IOR/R/15/2/127-138) and ‘File 8 Miscellaneous’ (IOR/R/15/2/121-126), and the Bushire Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. subsubseries ‘File 19 Bahrain’ (IOR/R/15/1/314-77).
The printed correspondence contained in the volume covers a range of subjects:
- Events leading up to the programme of reforms carried out in Bahrain: allegations of the oppression of Bahraini subjects by members of the Āl Khalīfah family, violence, the deteriorating economic situation;
- The reforms proposed and implemented by British officials: replacement of Shaikh ‘Īsá by Shaikh Ḥamad as defacto ruler, economic reforms, judicial reforms, pearl diving industry reforms, customs house reforms;
- Specific incidents of violence involving Sunnis and Shias, or Najdis and Persians.
Some of the papers in the volume are accompanied by duplicate copies:
- Folios 61-64 are duplicates of folios 57-60;
- Folios 68-69 are duplicates of folios 66-67;
- Folios 81-84 are duplicates of folios 77-80.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (98 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume's contents are arranged in approximate chronological order, starting with the earliest items at the front and finishing with the latest items at the end.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: The volume is foliated from the front cover to the inside back cover, using uncircled pencil numbers in the top-right corner of each recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. . Most of the items in the volume are printed items that have their own internal pagination systems, using printed numbers in the top-right corners of recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. pages and the top-left corners of verso The back of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'v'. pages, or centred at the top of both verso The back of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'v'. and recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. pages. The following foliation anomalies occur: 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
Use and share this item
- Share this item
'File 9/4 Bahrain Reforms. Introduction of Reforms in Bahrain' [8v] (33/224), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/2/131, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023403812.0x000022> [accessed 25 April 2024]
https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100023403812.0x000022
Copy and paste the code below into your web page where you would like to embed the image.
<meta charset="utf-8"><a href="https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100023403812.0x000022">'File 9/4 Bahrain Reforms. Introduction of Reforms in Bahrain' [‎8v] (33/224)</a> <a href="https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100023403812.0x000022"> <img src="https://iiif.qdl.qa/iiif/images/81055/vdc_100000000193.0x000362/IOR_R_15_2_131_0033.jp2/full/!280,240/0/default.jpg" alt="" /> </a>
This record has a IIIF manifest available as follows. If you have a compatible viewer you can drag the icon to load it.https://www.qdl.qa/en/iiif/81055/vdc_100000000193.0x000362/manifestOpen in Universal viewerOpen in Mirador viewerMore options for embedding images
Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/R/15/2/131
- Title
- 'File 9/4 Bahrain Reforms. Introduction of Reforms in Bahrain'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 1ar:1fv, 2r:15r, 17v:18v, 21r:42v, 44v:46v, 47v:71v, 73r:74v, 75v:79r, 80v:83r, 84v:91r, 92v:93r, 94v:103v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence