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'File 9/4 Bahrain Reforms. Introduction of Reforms in Bahrain' [9v] (35/224)
The record is made up of 1 volume (98 folios). It was created in 30 Dec 1921-27 Jul 1924. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
6. Steps to be taken to stop the Shaik's camels being allowed to enter and
graze in private gardens.
6. ' Sukrah ' of donkeys to cease.
7. The practice of placing calves belonging to the ruling family with Bahraini
bakers to fatten free of chaige, to cease.
8. The prison to be put in proper order and a reasonable house provided for
the same.
It is reported that Shaik Abdulla was helpful in obtaining these concessions
for the Bahrainis. If this is really so, it may be an indication that he means to
turn a new leaf. ,
Serial No. 17.
No. 304-S., dated Bushire, the 14th (received the 24tli) April 1922.
From—The Hon'ble Lieutexaxt-Colonel A. P. Trevor, C.S.I., C.I.E., Political
Resident in the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
.
Subject.— Proposed reforms in taxation at Bahrain.
With reference to the correspondence ending with my letter No. 209 -S., dated
the 11th March 1922, regarding affairs at Bahrain, I have the honour to forward
for the information of the Government of India a copy of a report which I have
received from the
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
, Bahrain, on the subject of the readiness of the
Shaik to effect reforms.
This report has only just been received and I think it advisable to send it on
by to-day s mail to save a week, and I am therefore unable to deal with the matter
in detail. Major Daly has, however, reported very fully, and it is therefore un
necessary for me to do so.
The Shaik apparently desires to introduce a fair scheme of taxation outlined
under heads 1 to 4 on the 3rd page of Major Daly's letter. He is however afraid
of the Suni tribes, which for some time past have not borne their full share of taxa
tion. Ihe Shaik desires to know whether he could expect support from Govern
ment in the event of his introducing the necessary reforms. His advisers think
that if the local population knew the reforms were being introduced with the ap
proval of Government, they would raise no difficulty about paying the taxes. The
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
is inclined to agree with this. Shaik Abdulla suggested that
the best way of doing this would be for the Shaik to announce the reforms at
a proposed meeting at which I was present, and I could then say that the reforms
were approved by Government.
I now beg to enquire whether the Government of India will be pleased to author
ize me to say that they approve of the reforms in taxation and will surport the
Shaik in introducing them provided they are levied fairly and equally all round
without discrimination or preferential treatment. If the Government of India
decide to give some measure of support I agree with the
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
that the
Shaik might be required to set aside a sum annually for works of public utility.
I should be glad if I may be favoured with telegraphic instructions as to what atti
tude should be adopted, as I propose to visit Bahrain at the end of my next tour
early next month and the Shaik will certainly raise the question.
I must apologize for this letter having been written somewhat hurriedly 1o
catch the mail, and I have therefore been unable to summarize the
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
's
rittThi7wiute r excL m d! ke ^ ^ Self - cwltoined - ln ^ circumstances
About this item
- Content
The volume contains printed copies of Government of India confidential correspondence, relating to the Bahrain reforms. The majority of the letters contained in volume are printed copies of correspondence originally sent to the Government of India either by the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (Lieutenant-Colonel Arthur Trevor or Acting Resident Lieutenant-Colonel Stuart Knox), or the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. at Bahrain (Major Clive Daly). Much of the correspondence featured in the volume can be found in the original (or as office copies) in a number of files in the two Bahrain Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. subsubseries ‘File 9 Bahrain Reforms’ (IOR/R/15/2/127-138) and ‘File 8 Miscellaneous’ (IOR/R/15/2/121-126), and the Bushire Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. subsubseries ‘File 19 Bahrain’ (IOR/R/15/1/314-77).
The printed correspondence contained in the volume covers a range of subjects:
- Events leading up to the programme of reforms carried out in Bahrain: allegations of the oppression of Bahraini subjects by members of the Āl Khalīfah family, violence, the deteriorating economic situation;
- The reforms proposed and implemented by British officials: replacement of Shaikh ‘Īsá by Shaikh Ḥamad as defacto ruler, economic reforms, judicial reforms, pearl diving industry reforms, customs house reforms;
- Specific incidents of violence involving Sunnis and Shias, or Najdis and Persians.
Some of the papers in the volume are accompanied by duplicate copies:
- Folios 61-64 are duplicates of folios 57-60;
- Folios 68-69 are duplicates of folios 66-67;
- Folios 81-84 are duplicates of folios 77-80.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (98 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume's contents are arranged in approximate chronological order, starting with the earliest items at the front and finishing with the latest items at the end.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: The volume is foliated from the front cover to the inside back cover, using uncircled pencil numbers in the top-right corner of each recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. . Most of the items in the volume are printed items that have their own internal pagination systems, using printed numbers in the top-right corners of recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. pages and the top-left corners of verso The back of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'v'. pages, or centred at the top of both verso The back of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'v'. and recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. pages. The following foliation anomalies occur: 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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- Reference
- IOR/R/15/2/131
- Title
- 'File 9/4 Bahrain Reforms. Introduction of Reforms in Bahrain'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 1ar:1fv, 2r:15r, 17v:18v, 21r:42v, 44v:46v, 47v:71v, 73r:74v, 75v:79r, 80v:83r, 84v:91r, 92v:93r, 94v:103v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence