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'File 9/4 Bahrain Reforms. Introduction of Reforms in Bahrain' [‎78r] (172/224)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (98 folios). It was created in 30 Dec 1921-27 Jul 1924. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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tike Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. . Tfc would be convenient if tlie answer could be senb prior to, or
about the time of, Coiionel Prideaux's arrival, as tke- Shaikh; and mischief-makers at
Bahrain are certain to petition and agitate on a change of Resident just as they did
when I returned from leave, and if an unfavourable reply to the Shaikh's petition
were delivered before or at Colonel Prideaux's first visit to the Island it would go
iki'i far to silence the clamour. In any case it would not be advisable unless circum-
stances urgently demand it—for my successor to visit Bahrain until he can take
with him an answer from the Government of India to Shaikh Isa's petition,which
will I trust be to the effect that they have nothing to add to the communications
already made to him.
fill
m
Copy forwarded with Gompliments to the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Bahrain, for inform
ation.
witUsll
Enclosure of Serial No. (2).— CoMMEifT on Memorial prom Shaikh Sir Isa
Bin Ali At Khaum , K .C.S.I., of Bahrain, to His Excellency thbs
Viceroy, dated 13th February 1924.
When the memorial was forwarded to GoYernment it was not thought neces
sary to make any comment as each and f very matter connected with the nus-
eovernment oi Shaikh Isa and the reforms which were initiated m June 1923 under
the instructions of His Majesty's Government have been reported to the Government
of India But as comment has now been called for, the following remarks are
offered taking the paragraphs of Shaikh Isa's memorial senahm.
){Ali I- After the words " installed on the throne " Shaik Isa has omitted to put
" by the British Government " and inserted by the will and approbation, etc.
for which, as far as is known, there is no authority.
2 Subiect to the proviso that the government of the Shaiks is reasonably
good and not such as to bring odium on the Protecting Power Shaikh Isa has
lot got to go farther than the removal of his predecessor and his own elevation
to the Shaikhdom for precedent for interference by the British Governm.nt.
I common report m Bnshire that Shaik Isa was installed as Shaikh on condition
that he ruled well and with justice. Though'I have no official confirmation of this,
rtt so com ^nly believed ind stated in Bushire and such a likely condition
fcr Sir Lewis Pelly to have made, that I believe it to be coirect.
3 Shaikh has omitted reference to misgovernment which is a recognized
feason for interference by the Protecting Power.
, (ipscribes h's rule as " peaceful and popular' ; it has been peaceful
iLteTloTed 8 and" m^
toatinsuch a 0 way f^pujlr w"^ ^ ^ ft i^mptoalyunSu 3 -
shown. P
AT » 011 1 " pc far as is known has ever - reported favourably on Shaikh
***.<**** - — -"»
•'consul " better than " friendliness and goodwiU.
i**. 6 Before coming to Bahrain Major Daly was SOTvin g^XTthTlra^
thJyS; there is'no evidence he —rlo^'TpaS X A
If* people." ''Forcing on Exr) i ora tion Company. In point of fact
proposed oil concession to t to make the Shaikh adhere to his promise
all that was done was to endeavour d by the British Government
not to grant a concession to a -^^JfXose application had been made
... % ■ and to give one rather to the D Arcy Comp y,^^ The 8^^ refers to
Wi two years earlier, rather t an „_ f ^ extr aordinary in view of his re-
% n&SS tg SX..:.* — "
cord.

About this item

Content

The volume contains printed copies of Government of India confidential correspondence, relating to the Bahrain reforms. The majority of the letters contained in volume are printed copies of correspondence originally sent to the Government of India either by the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (Lieutenant-Colonel Arthur Trevor or Acting Resident Lieutenant-Colonel Stuart Knox), or the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. at Bahrain (Major Clive Daly). Much of the correspondence featured in the volume can be found in the original (or as office copies) in a number of files in the two Bahrain Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. subsubseries ‘File 9 Bahrain Reforms’ (IOR/R/15/2/127-138) and ‘File 8 Miscellaneous’ (IOR/R/15/2/121-126), and the Bushire Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. subsubseries ‘File 19 Bahrain’ (IOR/R/15/1/314-77).

The printed correspondence contained in the volume covers a range of subjects:

  • Events leading up to the programme of reforms carried out in Bahrain: allegations of the oppression of Bahraini subjects by members of the Āl Khalīfah family, violence, the deteriorating economic situation;
  • The reforms proposed and implemented by British officials: replacement of Shaikh ‘Īsá by Shaikh Ḥamad as defacto ruler, economic reforms, judicial reforms, pearl diving industry reforms, customs house reforms;
  • Specific incidents of violence involving Sunnis and Shias, or Najdis and Persians.

Some of the papers in the volume are accompanied by duplicate copies:

  • Folios 61-64 are duplicates of folios 57-60;
  • Folios 68-69 are duplicates of folios 66-67;
  • Folios 81-84 are duplicates of folios 77-80.
Extent and format
1 volume (98 folios)
Arrangement

The volume's contents are arranged in approximate chronological order, starting with the earliest items at the front and finishing with the latest items at the end.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: The volume is foliated from the front cover to the inside back cover, using uncircled pencil numbers in the top-right corner of each recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. . Most of the items in the volume are printed items that have their own internal pagination systems, using printed numbers in the top-right corners of recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. pages and the top-left corners of verso The back of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'v'. pages, or centred at the top of both verso The back of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'v'. and recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. pages. The following foliation anomalies occur: 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f.

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English in Latin script
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'File 9/4 Bahrain Reforms. Introduction of Reforms in Bahrain' [‎78r] (172/224), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/2/131, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023403812.0x0000ad> [accessed 29 March 2024]

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