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'File 9/4 Bahrain Reforms. Introduction of Reforms in Bahrain' [83v] (183/224)
The record is made up of 1 volume (98 folios). It was created in 30 Dec 1921-27 Jul 1924. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
Serial No, 18.—V&ou the H obble L ieutenant- C olonel F. B. P rideaitx ,
C.S.I., C .LE., P olitical R esident in the P ersian G ulf,- N o. 308-S., dated
B ushire, the 22 nd M ay (received 2 nd J une) 1924.
I have the honour to forward herewith an extract from the " Bombay Chronicle "
of April 23rd, 1924, containing a number of malicious and untruthful statements re
garding the present condition of affairs in Bahrain; together with a copy of a memo
randum from the
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
, Bahrain, which deals with the various alleged
grievances set forth in the paper.
Enclosure No. 1.—Extract from "Bombay Chronicle dated the 23rd April 1924.
T he P light of B ahrain.
To
The Editor of " The Chronicle (
S ir,
The people of Bahrain have all along been consoling themselves by a belief
that the superior British authorities on being acquainted with the details of the
aggressions perpetrated against the people and encioachment made on their liberty,
would not approve of such a policy ; while in xact, it is to be regretted that the above
belief is now being shunned by degrees owing to some one of the three presump
tions, viz :—
(1) That either the British Government have directed and are awate of the
course of policy pursued in their country, ignorant of the fact that it would tend to
convert tne anxiety and fright of the people into desperation when they have lost
every hope of attaining justice and equity.
(2) That the British Government relies on the Consul's reports, believing the
petitions of the people contradicting the former s reports. If it is
so, then at least it betrays negligence on the part of the British
Government with regard to investigating for justice in spite of the
people of Bahrain having requisitioned the Government to depute an
unbiased Commission to enquire into the grievances of the people of
Bharain.
(3) That the British Government intend and mean to hold an enquiry into
the affairs at Bahrain but pending enquiry have not asked the Consuls
at the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
to put a stop to their despotic policy, which is
the worst of the three. Whereas we on our part have been awaiting
the result though our patience has now betrayed us.
\ While we were expecting a change in the policy which has clearly manifested
itself to have marred the prestige and renown of Great Britain in the Eastern
Territories of the Arabian Peninsula, lo we see Major Delly (Da.y) adopting fresb
^ ays of aggression, evincing further stupidity by further proving him self to be the
sole creator of the, galling miseries for Arabs in their own country. So he has forced
conscript labour on the helpless natives of Bahrain driving them like cattle and sub
jecting them to hard labour at Ard ", announcing that he wanted to erect there a
station for airships. He has transgressed the bounds of law, indeed. Courtesy
]s unknown to him. He did not eveii ask Shaikh Isa, Chief of Bahrain, for his
(onsent beiore putting his scheme for erecting the said station into effect. Further
Le has announced to have fixed a heavy tax on all boats regardless of their being
the pearl-fishing ones or otherwise having changed their numbers into English
figures which the natives are not expected to make out.
The most horrible act of his is that he has reduced the members of the Puling
Chief s family to the state of confinees in Bahrain ; for when most of them asked
for peimit to enable them to go abroad on medical grounds or seme such other
urgent reasons the same was denied to them. Lately he seems to have been much
perUirbcd on reading articles in newspapers criticising the course of policy pursued
^ attempted consequently to cause some respectable family members
ot the Puling Chief by force to repudiate the said articles as false through news
papers, but in vain , lor the latter even at the risk of exposing themselves to his'
revenge on them^denied to agree with his request. It is likely t^at some of th^m
u imate y may yield under his threats and helplessly may attest a false statement-
he m&y dictate to them.
About this item
- Content
The volume contains printed copies of Government of India confidential correspondence, relating to the Bahrain reforms. The majority of the letters contained in volume are printed copies of correspondence originally sent to the Government of India either by the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (Lieutenant-Colonel Arthur Trevor or Acting Resident Lieutenant-Colonel Stuart Knox), or the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. at Bahrain (Major Clive Daly). Much of the correspondence featured in the volume can be found in the original (or as office copies) in a number of files in the two Bahrain Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. subsubseries ‘File 9 Bahrain Reforms’ (IOR/R/15/2/127-138) and ‘File 8 Miscellaneous’ (IOR/R/15/2/121-126), and the Bushire Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. subsubseries ‘File 19 Bahrain’ (IOR/R/15/1/314-77).
The printed correspondence contained in the volume covers a range of subjects:
- Events leading up to the programme of reforms carried out in Bahrain: allegations of the oppression of Bahraini subjects by members of the Āl Khalīfah family, violence, the deteriorating economic situation;
- The reforms proposed and implemented by British officials: replacement of Shaikh ‘Īsá by Shaikh Ḥamad as defacto ruler, economic reforms, judicial reforms, pearl diving industry reforms, customs house reforms;
- Specific incidents of violence involving Sunnis and Shias, or Najdis and Persians.
Some of the papers in the volume are accompanied by duplicate copies:
- Folios 61-64 are duplicates of folios 57-60;
- Folios 68-69 are duplicates of folios 66-67;
- Folios 81-84 are duplicates of folios 77-80.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (98 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume's contents are arranged in approximate chronological order, starting with the earliest items at the front and finishing with the latest items at the end.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: The volume is foliated from the front cover to the inside back cover, using uncircled pencil numbers in the top-right corner of each recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. . Most of the items in the volume are printed items that have their own internal pagination systems, using printed numbers in the top-right corners of recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. pages and the top-left corners of verso The back of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'v'. pages, or centred at the top of both verso The back of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'v'. and recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. pages. The following foliation anomalies occur: 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/R/15/2/131
- Title
- 'File 9/4 Bahrain Reforms. Introduction of Reforms in Bahrain'
- Pages
- 79v:80r, 83v:84r
- Author
- The Bombay Chronicle
- Usage terms
- Public Domain