'Historical Summary of Events in the Persian Gulf Shaikhdoms and the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman, 1928-1953' [‎78v] (161/222)

144
Dubai. It extends along the coast from a point
Dubai and Sharjah to vicmity of Ajmam sha . kh had
of Hirah which Shaikh Su was previously independent though nominally
mvoived m a slave incident ^ w^ prcmy i al Q aiwain the
included in the Shaikhdom. Between ^luan au ^ . hnlHv: a
village of Hamriyah belongs nominally to Sharjah a . ^ , j j-
letter from a previous Ruler of Sharjah acknowledging ^
Shaikhdom extends into the interior in a south -easterly d " ect '°° ^ dls h t ^
of about 45 miles up to the foot of the Hajar range on tl ?^ s ®™P' 1 h 0 " "
includes the whole of the Bani Qitab country. The control which Sharjah exercises
over this tribe has varied from time to time but the Ruler has in rece^ years
been paying its leading Shaikh an allowance of Rs. 15,0 y ' . ^ i,
Saqr's acquisition of Dhaid in 1952 from Khalid bin Ahmad ex-Regent of Kalba,
to whom it had been surrendered in 1928, has greatly stiengthened his over
the tribe. The western end of the Wadi A seasonal or intermittent watercourse, or the valley in which it flows. al Qaur is claimed by Ras al aimah,
Sharjah and the Bani Ka'ab but probably belongs to the first of these, as the central
portion of the Wadi A seasonal or intermittent watercourse, or the valley in which it flows. is undoubtedly owned by the Ras al Khaimah branch ot the
Oasimi family. Kalba is separated from the rest of the Shaikhdom of Sharjah
bv this Ras al Khaimah salient. The boundaries claimed for the previous
Shaikhdom of Kalba were defined when Khalid bin Ahmad was recognised as
Resent in 1937 (Appendix B). When Kalba was reincorporated with Sharjah
in 1952 Shaikh Saqr, as stated above, undertook not to claim more territory from
Kalba than that defined in 1937. He has taken this to mean that the whole of the
area defined has been accepted as belonging to Kalba, which is not the case. It
was only a claim which was recorded in writing and there is nothing to sigmty
that the whole claim has been accepted by Her Majesty's Government. Kalba
territory extends along the coast of the Gulf of Oman from Dibah proper to
Khor Kalba, both inclusive, with the exception of one or two villages which belong
to Fuiairah ( 10 ) The interior is shared between Kalba and Fujairah on tribal lines,
the Naqibiyin owing allegiance to the former and the Sharqiyin to the latter. The
boundaries inside the hills with Muscat and Ras al Khaimah are uncertain but the
1937 definition makes it possible to exercise some check on claims which
Shaikh Saqr has made in this direction.
25. There is little to relate about the history of the Shaikhdom that has not
already been mentioned. Shaikh Sultan was weak and vain. He did little for his
people and failed to control the Bani Qitab who indulged in much highway robbery
while he was Ruler. With the establishment of the Trucial Oman A name used by Britain from the nineteenth century to 1971 to refer to the present-day United Arab Emirates. Levies and the
enlistment in them of members of the tribe the situation in this respect has greatly
improved. Shaikh Saqr since his accession has shown considerable promise. He
has encouraged the development of the State school, for which a building is to be
provided by Her Majesty's Government. He has taken steps, as yet ineffective,
to develop Sharjah as a port and has permitted the Mission of the Presbyterian
Church of America to open a hospital in his capital. He is on reasonably good
terms with his neighbours except the Ruler of Fujairah, the independent existence
of which State he has refused to recognise. There has been trouble in the past
between the Qawasim One of the ruling families of the United Arab Emirates; also used to refer to a confederation of seafaring Arabs led by the Qāsimī tribe from Ras al Khaima. of Dibah and their Shihuh neighbours, the last serious
outbreak of fighting being in 1941 and further trouble in this area is possible.
26. Saqr's attitude towards the Saudis since their occupation of Hamasah
has been one of detachment and he has concentrated most of his attention on his
gardens. He has no doubt been anxious to avoid offending Ibn Saud. Many
of the Bani Qitab including their leading Shaikh Muhammad bin Ali went to
Riyadh and made their submission to Ibn Saud. Saqr when urged to take action
on their return did nothing positive beyond stopping Muhammad's allowance
but he subsequently reported that the latter had apologised and made his peace
with him. He later stated that he had not restored Muhammad's allowance.
Saqr now holds the fort at Dhaid and is in a position to dominate the tribe. Should
the Saudis in due course make a definite claim to the allegiance of the Bani Qitab
it is uncertain to what extent he would resist it.
( 9 ) P.R. to I.O. 977-S of November 12, 1946 (E 15992/605/91 of 1948).
( 10 ) Cf. p. 453, Lorimer, Vol. II.