‘Memorandum by the Political Department, India Office, on treaties and agreements between the British Government and the various rulers and chiefs in Arabia and on the Persian Gulf.’ [2v] (4/6)
The record is made up of 1 file (3 folios). It was created in 9 Aug 1926-21 Jul 1927. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
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4
Aitchison, Vol. (e) On the 13th March 1892 Sheikh Isa signed a further agreement the
XII, p. 163. first two articles of which reaffirmed his undertaking to abstain from
relations with foreign Governments; in the third article he undertook
"on no account to cede, sell, mortgage, or otherwise give for occupation any
part of my territory save to the British Government."
Lorimer, p. 918. Note .—As the result of the foregoing engagements, and as the outcome
of various attempts, more or less open, by the Turkish Government from
1870 onwards to establish a claim to Turkish sovereignty over Bahrein, the
Porte was definitely informed in 1892 that Bahrein was under the protection
of the British Government.
From 1893 Bahreinis in Turkish territory were afforded protection by
British Consular authorities.
(/) In 1898 the Sheikh of Bahrein signed an agreement to prohibit the
traffic in arms in Bahrein territory.
EL-KATR.
In 1868, as a result of hostilities initiated in Katr by the Sheikh of
Bahrein in co-operation with the Sheikh of A bu Dhabi, and continued by a
retaliatory attack on Bahrein by Katr, Sheikh Mahomed bin Thani executed
an agreement to abstain from hostilities and to accept the arbitration of the
Resident, particularly in disputes as to the tribute payable to the Sheikh
of Bahrein, to whom the Sheikhs of Katr were then in some degree
subordinated.
Shortly after, the Turks established themselves in Katr; and though the
British authorities did not hesitate to have direct dealings with the Sheikhs
of Katr, no written agreement was made with them.
In the course of the negotiations with the Turkish Government in 1913
it was agreed that the southern and eastern limit of " le Sandjuk Ottoman
de Nedjd " shoxdd be a " une ligne partant du fond extreme du golfe faisant
face a File de Zahnounie (i.e. the Bay of Salwa to the west of El Katr) qui
ira directement an sucl jusqu'au Ruba'-al-Khafi et separera le Nedjd de la
presqu'-ile de rEl-Katr." Further, it was agreed that " le Gouvernement de
Sa Majeste Britannique—ne permettra pas au cheikh de Bahrein de
s'immiscer dans les affaires interieures d'el-Katr, de porter atteinte a
i'autonomie de ce pays ou de rannexer/'
The separation of El-Katr from Nejd and its independence of Bahrein
having been thus established (though not thereby given effect), the way was
open for the conclusion of a Treaty signed on 3rd November 1916 after the
Turks had finally been expelled from El-Katr in the course of the war.
Articles I and II. In this treaty the Sheikh takes note of, undertakes the obligations
resulting from, and is promised the advantages accruing from the various
engagements concluded by the Trucial Chiefs for the suppression of slave
trade and piracy and the preservation of the maritime peace.
In Article III he undertakes to prohibit arms trade in Katr and to observe
the arms traffic rules of the British Government.
In Articles IV and V he undertakes to have no relations with the Agent
cf any other Power without the consent of the British Government, or to
cede land by lease, sale or gift or to grant monopolies, concessions or cable
landing rights.
In Articles VII and VllI he undertakes to protect British residents and,,
if required, receive a British representative, and establish a British post and
telegraph office.
In return the British Government undertakes in Articles X and XI to
protect the Sheikh, his subjects and territory from all aggression by sea, and
to grant their good offices should he or his subjects be assailed by land
within the territories of Qatar; it being understood that this obligation only
applies in the event of such aggression b}- land or by sea being unprovoked
by the Sheikh or his subjects.
TRUCIAL COAST
A name used by Britain from the nineteenth century to 1971 to refer to the present-day United Arab Emirates.
(Ras-ul-Kheimah, Abu Dhabi, Debai, Sharjah, Ajman,
Um al K a wain).
In 1820 these chiefs signed the general treaty (see Bahrein [a))
prescribing perpetual abstention from plunder and piracy by land and sea r
About this item
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The memorandum comprises summaries and précis of the treaties signed between the British Government and the Arab rulers and chiefs on the Arabian Peninsula and in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. . The first part of the memorandum, prepared by J P Gibson and dated 21 July 1927, provides overviews of the various treaties for: Koweit [Kuwait]; Bahrein [Bahrain] and the Trucial Coast A name used by Britain from the nineteenth century to 1971 to refer to the present-day United Arab Emirates. ; Qatar; Muscat; Mavia (in Yemen); and the Idrisi Treaties. The second part of the memorandum, prepared by David Taylor Monteath and dated 9 August 1926, offers a more detailed précis of most treaties: Koweit; Bahrein; El-Katr [Qatar]; the Trucial Coast A name used by Britain from the nineteenth century to 1971 to refer to the present-day United Arab Emirates. ; Oman (Muscat). A summary at the end of the précis condenses the key points common to all treaties.
- Extent and format
- 1 file (3 folios)
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the first folio and terminates at the last folio; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
Pagination: The booklet contains an original typed pagination sequence.
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‘Memorandum by the Political Department, India Office, on treaties and agreements between the British Government and the various rulers and chiefs in Arabia and on the Persian Gulf.’ [2v] (4/6), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/18/B387, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023472694.0x000005> [accessed 17 April 2024]
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- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/18/B387
- Title
- ‘Memorandum by the Political Department, India Office, on treaties and agreements between the British Government and the various rulers and chiefs in Arabia and on the Persian Gulf.’
- Pages
- 1r:3v
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence