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'File 61/14 X (D 57) Relations between Nejd and 'Iraq' [‎330r] (672/842)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (419 folios). It was created in 29 Jun 1929-1 Sep 1929. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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3.
Tlie attacked tribe has the ri^at to ask its Government to
demand and recover full blood money toe its killed or injured
from the o-overnment of the guilty party. Should it (the Govern
ment of the complainants) nob be in a position to exact reparaticn
or come to an agreement with the attackers Q-bvernment, either as
to the blood money due or to the terms of peace acceptable to the
injured tribe, then the-families cf the victims have the right to
take revenge in their own time and way, without being responsible
to their Government in any respect.
VII. Rules gggs oi rega rding ^aakat" .
A Ruler, a Governor o^ Shaikii of a jsriMH principality,
has the right to levy "zakat" from his subject tribe every year*
This is calculated to be
(a) one Riyal for full grown camel,
(b) half Riyal for a yoimg and half grown,
(c) one sheep of the best, or its value, for every
forty steep -whether large or small.
The head of the tribe paying the ^ikat' 8 is entitled to a
present or reward from the Ruler etc.,for services rendered in
f
recovering the tax from hispeople.
y
VIII. Responsibility that goes with the taking of ^ikat by
a Ruler etc.
It isths Ruler l s business to defend the rights of the tribe
y
"Zakied" by him whether they happen to be inside his boundaries
or outside. He is responsiblef or them as though they were his
own children. v ,j
IX• T he Ruler's right overtae services of the tribe that he
takes ,r zikat " from.
The Ruler or sheikh etc., has the following ri^atsi^
(a) he canbonfiscate the property of the tribe or
community that refuses to pay "Eikat"',
(b) he will refuse to be responsible for its defence
or protection from others of his tribes., , ,
(c) shoula it leave his territory and b^attacke^, by
outside enemies then aad tta>en only ,will Se come
to it ^assistance.
(d) should a war break out he has the right to call
upon all his^ribal subjects to fight for him.
Failing their doing so he can and has the right
to confiscate all their property.

About this item

Content

The volume consists of letters, telegrams, reports, and memoranda relating to affairs between Najd and Iraq. The majority of the correspondence is between Cyril Barrett, Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in Bushire, Harold Dickson, Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. in Kuwait, Gilbert Clayton, High Commissioner in Baghdad, Cyril Barrett, the Colonial Office in London, the British Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. in Jeddah, the Foreign Department of the Government of India in Delhi, Ibn Sa'ud himself, and Fuad Hamza [Fu’ād Bey Hamza], acting Foreign Minister for the Hejaz.

The majority of the volume covers the continuing Ikhwan revolt and the British response to it. Many of the documents are intelligence on the whereabouts and activities of the rebels (including the 'Ajman, Mutair, and Rashaidah tribes), their leaders (including Faisal al-Dawish and Farhan ibn Mashhur), and Ibn Sa'ud himself. Other issues connected to this main subject that are raised include:

  • how to respond should the rebels enter Kuwaiti territory;
  • Faisal al-Dawish's attempts to begin communications with Sheikh Ahmed of Kuwait and the British Government;
  • arms sales to Kuwait and Ibn Sa'ud;
  • Barrett's visit to Kuwait to discuss the situation with Sheikh Ahmed;
  • small-scale raiding along the frontier zone;
  • a battle between 'Ajman rebels and the Awazim of Hasa;
  • Sheikh Ahmed's belief that King Faisal is in communication with the rebels;
  • the smuggling of food and other supplies to the rebels from Kuwait;
  • the affect on the Shi'a population of Hasa, some of which have fled to Bahrain for fear of attack;
  • Ibn Sa'ud's recruitment of the 'Utaibah tribe to his side;
  • letters, thought to be fakes, from al-Dawish and Trahib ibn Shuqair (another rebel leader) to Ibn Sa'ud implicating Sheikh Ahmed as supporting the rebels;
  • Ibn Sa'ud suspected seduction of the Dhafir and Dahamshah tribes of Iraq;
  • an attack on, and destruction of, a convoy of Ibn Sa'ud's cars by the 'Ajman;
  • how the British should respond to several thousand rebels, mostly women, children, and the elderly, entering Kuwait to camp at Subaihiyah;
  • the perceived need to know more of the laws and ethics of raiding in all regions, to better understand the conflict.

Other subjects covered are:

  • correspondence procedures for Dickson: who he should contact and when;
  • observations and opinion on Sheikh Ahmed's personal life and Kuwaiti society in general;
  • Dickson's unhappiness with the presence in Kuwait of the Basra Secret Service Officer, Captain H. M. Burton.

Notable within the volume are the following documents:

  • Dickson's detailed report (folios 217-228) of relations between Ibn Sa'ud and Kuwait, including a sketch map of tribal territories along the Kuwait border and Hasa;
  • Dickson's ethnographic reports (folios 328-333) on camel disputes, the custom of 'Arafa' (restoration of looted animals through friendly tribes), and nicknames among the 'Ajman;
  • the transcript (folios 350-353) of Ibn Sa'ud's speech to the 'Utaibah.

At the end of the volume (folios 398-408) are internal office notes.

Extent and format
1 volume (419 folios)
Arrangement

The volume is arranged chronologically. There is an alphabetical subject index to the contents, at the front of the volume (folios 2-4). The index entries include the folio numbers of relevant documents, to help identify and locate them within the volume.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: The sequence starts on the front cover and continues to the inside back cover. The numbers are written in pencil, circled, and found in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. of each folio. There are the following irregularities: 1, 1A, 1B, 1C, and 1D; 357 and 357A; 376 and 376A. There is a second, inconsistent sequence that runs folios 5-394. The numbers are also written in pencil but are not circled.

Fold-out folios: 228, 245, and 283.

Written in
English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script
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'File 61/14 X (D 57) Relations between Nejd and 'Iraq' [‎330r] (672/842), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/1/586, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023488766.0x000049> [accessed 28 March 2024]

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