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'Memorandum on Bahrein' [15v] (30/62)
The record is made up of 1 file (31 folios). It was created in 13 Jan 1947. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
30
P.G. 13, 67,
§ 26.
P.G.13, 67-8,
§§ 27-9.
P.G. 13, 63-4,
§§ 11-14.
Aitch., XI,
No. vii, 227-9.
26.11.1927.
P.5559/27.
P. 322/28.
Persian Claim reasserted, 1922-23
134. In 1922 His Majesty's Consul at Bunder Abbas reported that the
Persian passport officials at Lingah had ruled that Bahreinis were lei Man
subjects and should be given Persian passports. They seized two British certi
ficates of identity granted to Bahrein subjects, but on representations being ma e
by the Minister at Tehran instructions were given by the Central Government
that there was to be no repetition of this incident. In 1922, also, the Feisian
delegate at a Postal Conference held at Bushire stated that while not tor the
moment pressing for the transfer to Persia of the Bahrein post office, his action
was without prejudice to the Persian claim to Bahrein. ...
135 In 1923, consequent on a Press campaign and a discussion in the
Majliss on the desirability of giving Bahrein the right to return a member to the
Persian Parliament, which was referred to a Commission for report, His
Majesty's Government decided that it was desirable to address a formal Xote to
the Persian Government in terms similar to those employed in 1906 (para
graph 124 above). Owing to the difficult internal situation in Persia this proposal
was dropped, but in September 1923 the Persian Government was informed that
the island was now a British protectorate, and that His Majesty's Government
did not contemplate any alteration of its status. The Persian Minister for
Foreign Affairs replied that the Government of which he was a member had no
intention of laying claim to Bahrein on behalf of Persia. But despite this state
ment the Minister for Foreign Affairs again reverted to the question in the
following month.
His Majesty's Government remove Sheikh Isa for Mis government (1923)
136. Consequent on the gross mismanagement of Sheikh Isa, who had been
ruler of Bahrein since 1869, the Sheikh was deprived by His Majesty's Govern
ment of his control of affairs in Bahrein on 26th May, 1923, and was granted an
allowance, his son, Sheikh Hamad (whose right of succession had been recognised
by His Majesty's Government in 1901) being appointed to act for him " as his
father's fully empowered agent."
Oil concession granted by Sheikh, 1925
137. In 1925 an oil concession was granted by the Sheikh of Bahrein to the
Eastern and General Syndicate, a British corporation, with the approval of His
Majesty's Government.
Undertakings secured from Jbn Saud in I reaty of Jedda, 1927. Persian Protest
138. The Treaty of Jedda, concluded on 20th May, 1927, between His
Majesty's Government and Ibn Saud, the ruler of Saudi Arabia, in substitution
for the Treaty of 1915 (paragraph 133 above), provided inter alia that " His
Majesty the King of the Hedjaz and of Nejd and its Dependencies " should
" maintain friendly and peaceful relations with the territories of ... . Bahrein
and with the Sheikhs of Qatar and the Oman Coast who are in special treaty
relations with His Britannic Majesty's Government. Consequent thereon, a
strong protest was received on 26th November, 1927, from the Persian Govern
ment, copies of which were despatched to the League of Nations. 1 he Persian
protest was based essentially on the recognition stated to have been accorded to
Persian sovereignty over Bahrein in Lord Clarendon s Note of 29th April, 1869
(paragraph 85 above). A reasoned reply to the Persian Note was despatched by
His Majesty's Government on 18th January, 1928, and circulated to the League.
While avoiding any definite statement as to their own position in Bahrein or its
basis. His Majesty's Government in their Note repudiated the Persian claim in
the strongest terms, and intimated that no argument such as was suggested could
be based on the communication of 29th April, 1869.
A tUtude of Sheikhs to Persian claim (1928)
139. The Sheikhs of Bahrein, on being apprised of the revival of Persia's
claim, gave a letter to the
Political Resident
A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency.
, requesting His Majesty's Govern
ment in accordance with their treaties "to defend Bahrein from outside
interference " and to act as their agents in rebutting the Persian claims, and
intimating that the Sheikhs proposed to send Sheikh Mohamed, brother of Sheikh
Hamad, the deputy ruler and son of the deposed ruler, Isa, as their representative
in answering the claim should the case be taken to Geneva.
About this item
- Content
This printed memorandum, produced by the Foreign Office, dated 13 Jan 1947, deals with the history of Bahrein [Bahrain] from the point of view of the political status of the islands at various periods and dates since 1783, and contains copies of related correspondence and discussions. The principal authorities quoted in the memorandum are listed on folio 1v and appear as references in the right or left hand margin. The memorandum includes an index on folio 1r and a list of appendices on folio 1v. The index contains the the following sections:
- Geographical situation;
- Bahrein priot to 1783;
- 1783-1820;
- 1820-30;
- 1830-40;
- 1840-50;
- 1850-61;
- 1861-67;
- Discussion and Incidents, 1868-70;
- 1870-80;
- 1880-92. From the conclusion of the First to the conclusion of the Second Exclusive Agreement with Her Majesty's Government;
- 1892-1913. From the Second Exclusive Agreement to the Anglo-Turkish Convention of 1913;
- 1913-34;
- Summary (A. Claims to or assertions of soverignty over Bahrein, 1783 to 1934. B. Basis of the Persian claim. C. Attitude of His Majesty's Government, 1820-1934);
- Reference to Law Officers of the Crown;
- Independent Status of Bahrein;
- 1934-46 (Establishment of Naval Base at Bahrein; Persian Government's refusal to recognise visas and endoresments of Bahrein; Agreement between His Majesty's Government and the Saudi Arabian Government regarding Transit Dues at Bahrein; The Liabilities of His Majesty's Government in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; Treatment of Bahreinis in Persia; Bahrein Nationality and Property Laws; Treatment of Persians in Bahrein; Postal Services between Persian and Bahrein; Persian Government decree regarding import of Petroleum Products from Bahrein; Remarks of the Persian Prime Minister to the United States Ambassador; Recent references to Bahrein in the Persian Press).
The memorandum is marked 'Confidential' and 'The Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government'.
- Extent and format
- 1 file (31 folios)
- Arrangement
The file contains an index and list of appendices (folio 1) which make reference to paragraph and page numbers.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the front cover, and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. Pagination: The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
- Written in
- English and French in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/18/B485
- Title
- 'Memorandum on Bahrein'
- Pages
- 1r:21v, 25v:26v, 30r:31v
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence