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'Persian Gulf Gazetteer. Part I. Historical and Political Materials. Précis of Nejd Affairs, 1804-1904' [‎5] (13/68)

The record is made up of 1 volume (34 folios). It was created in 1904. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

Transcription

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5
0
Abdullah, 1801 : invasion of Persia and capture
of Meshid Hussein.
li. Abdullah succeeded his brother as ruler of Nejd, and swore ven
geance against the town of Meshid
Hussein. About 1801 he marched an
army towards the western bank of the
Euphrates, and, after an unsuccessful effort to storm Mesbid Ali, he reached
Meshid Hussein, took the town by storm, and massacred large numbers of the
garrison and inhabitants. He also destroyed the tomb of Hussein with all the
fanaticism of a Wahabi, and then returned to Nejd.
15. In 1803, Abdullah determined on the conquest of Hejaz, which at
,j• that time was under the rule of Ghalib,
Capture of Mecca and Medtna, 1803^14, g herif of Meooa- JV years, Ghaleb had
shown a hostile feeling against the Wahabis, and bad endeavoured to excite
the Turkish Government to put down their rule in Nejd. The expedition
of Abdullah against Hejaz proved successful. He captured the sacred town of
Mecca, and not only massacred the garrison, but many of the most venerated
Sherifs and Syuds. He destroyed every vestige of superstition, and restored
the Kaaba to the naked purity of Islam. He enjoined punctual attendance
at public prayers, and strictly forbade the use of silk and tobacco, according to
the rules of Wahabism. He prohibited alike Sunnis and Sbiahs from en
tering Mecca, unless they paid a suitable tribute in money, and furnished a
factory An East India Company trading post. testimonial of their orthodoxy. Even the sister of the Sultan of
Turkey was sent back from the Meccan frontier "with sorrow and shame"
before she had kissed the black stone. In 1804, Abdullah marched against
Medina, which he captured with ease, and then destroyed the tomb of the
Prophet, and carried away all the jewels and pearls and manuscripts of the
Koran which had been deposited there ; and in like manner he destroyed
the tombs of the Sunni saints, including those of Abubeker and Omar. He
then carried fire and sword beyond his northern frontier, but meantime a
formidable revolt broke out in the province of Hareek on his southern fron
tier. Abdullah hastened with his trustiest vassals to put down the rising,
which was at length only suppressed by wholesale destruction and massacre.
In the town of Hoota he burnt down every house and butchered every man
and child ; so that out of a male population of ten thousand only a hundred and
thirty are said to have escaped the sword.
Ill-—Genealogy of Wahabi Amirs.
16. In order to form a clear idea of the history of Nejd, it is desirable
•Taken from the id.nini.lr.tio. Report of Persian t0 '^ar in mind the following genealog-
Gulf for 1879-80 aud supplemented from a receut ical table 01 the JNejCl Wahabl .AmirS
record. family
S.iud-ibn-Mohamed-ibn-Ibrahim-ibn-A.bduIlah-ibn-Hasan-ibti-Molfrcn, Ac.,
of the Mesalikh clan of the 'Anaiah deriving through Asad and Rabee'ubFarts from 'Adn4n [Ishmoelite or Northern Arabs]
I. Mahomed,
patron of MaTiomel-bin-Abdul-Wahab,
1st Wahabi Amir, died A. D. 1766.
Thaneyyan or Suneyyan. MesMri.
r
Baud
id during lifetime
t>f his father.3
IT- Abdul Aziz,
feuF3ered A. D. 1804.
1
r
Ferhdn.
Abdullah.
f"
III. Sa'ud.
died A. D. lsUr
I
Abdul
Bah man.
iull
Abdullah
f
r , Abduilabj _
rrendered to
ihim Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. in
. Beheaded at
istautinople.
pjJrU
Ibrahim,
murdered by
Meshari-bin-
Khalid, 1834.
1
Mahomed.
1
Fahad. V, Meshaii. VIII. Khalid
And others [Saad, Nasr,
Toorkee.]
r
T II.IX (t-X Fevsal. Jalwi.
captured by
Mahomed 'Ali,
1838. Escaped
1843. Died 1865.
Abdullah.
IX Abdullah.
Thaneyyan.
I
r
Mahomed.
ree sons, who died
without issne.
XI 4* XIII. Abdullah
Murdered in 1888.
XII. 'Saud,
3Te <r7frT874.
Mahomed.
i r
Ibr&him. Hasan. Mahomed. Mokran,
Thaney4yn.
Sa'(
Abdullah,
L
Abdul Rahmsti,
for some years detained
at Baghdad.
Abdul Aziz.
Mahomed.
Turki.
Abdul Aziz,
1 r
Mital. Mahomed.
Murdered in 1888.
Abdul Aziz,
Murdered in 1888.
Abdullah.
Murdered in 1888.
Feysal,
Italic figures denote the Amirs and order of succession.

About this item

Content

The volume, stamped ‘Secret’ on the front cover and frontispiece, is part 1 (historical and political materials) of a précis of Najd (spelt Nejd throughout) affairs for the years 1896-1904. It was prepared by Jerome Antony Saldanha of the Bombay Provincial Civil Service, and published in 1904 by the Government of India Foreign Department, Simla, India.

The volume includes a preface (folio 3) and list of contents (folio 4). The sections listed in the contents run as follows:

  • I: Rise of the Wahabis under Abdul Wahab [‘Abd al-Wahhāb] ante1740;
  • II: Political History of Nejd ante 1800 to 1804;
  • III: Genealogy of the Wahabi Amirs;
  • IV: First encroachments of the Wahabis on Oman,, 1804-1808;
  • V: (1) Joasami [Āl Qāsimī One of the ruling families of the United Arab Emirates; also used to refer to a confederation of seafaring Arabs led by the Qāsimī tribe from Ras al Khaima. ] pirates under Wahabi influence first venture into the Indian Seas. (2) Expedition against Joasamis and Wahabis, 1808-1809;
  • VI: First Egyptian Invasion of Nejd, 1814-1819;
  • VII: Resurrection of the Wahabis and Reconstitution of the Wahabi Kingdom, 1824-1831;
  • VIII: Wahabi overtures to British Government, 1831;
  • IX: (1) Wahabi Invasion of Oman, 1833. (2) Views of the Government of India as to the claims of Maskat [Muscat] on the British Government;
  • X: (1) Turki [Turkī] murdered by Meshari [Mashārī]. (2) Meshari executed by Feysal [Fayṣal]. (3) Feysal assumes Kingdom;
  • XI: (1) Second Egyptian Invasion of Nejd. (2) Egyptian withdrawal under British pressure;
  • XII: Government of Khalid [Khālid] as Turkish viceregent;
  • XIII: (1) Abdullah bin Saneyan [‘Abdullāh bin Thānīyān] seizes the kingdom. (2) Feysal returns from exile;
  • XIV: (1) Oman again threatened by the Wahabis. (2) British policy;
  • XV: Wahabi attempt on Bahrein [Bahrain]
  • XVI: Invasion of Oman by Abdullah, son of Feysal (2) Treaty between Maskat and Wahabis;
  • XVII: Feysal's nominal dependence upon Turkey, 1855;
  • XVIII: (1) Renewal of Wahabi attempt on Bahrein. (2) British interference, 1859;
  • XIX: (1) Blockade of Wahabi ports by Chief of Bahrein, 1861. (2) Blockade raised on British interference;
  • XX: Turkish protest against British proceedings;
  • XXI: Differences between Sultan of Maskat and Amir of Nejd, 1864-65;
  • XXII: Visit of Colonel [Lewis] Pelly to Riadh [Riyadh], 1865;
  • XXIII: Difference between Sultan of Maskat and Amir of Nejd (continued), 1864-1865;
  • XXIV: (1) Rebellion of two Oman tribes under leadership of Wahabi Officer. (2) Outrage of British subjects;
  • XXV: British operations against the Wahabis, 1865-66;
  • XXVI: The Amir of Nejd comes to terms, 1866;
  • XXVII: Deputation of a Wahabi envoy to Baghdad, 1866;
  • XXVIII: Wahabi advances to Beraymi [al-Buraymī];
  • XXIX: Civil War between Abdullah and Saud [Sa‘ūd], his brother. (2) Turkish expedition into Nejd to assist Abdullah, 1870-71;
  • XXX: Saud bin Feysal's appeal to the Resident for arbitration of the British Government, 1871-1873;
  • XXXI: Saud's negotiations with the Turks, 1872;
  • XXXII: First Mission of Haji Ahmed [Ḥājjī Aḥmad] to Baghdad, 1872;
  • XXXIII: Second Mission of Haji Ahmed to Baghdad, 1872;
  • XXXIV: Visit of Abdullah messenger to Baghdad, 1872-1873;
  • XXXV: Release of Abdur Rahman [‘Abd al-Raḥmān];
  • XXXVI: Death of Saud bin Faysal [Sa‘ūd bin Fayṣal] and election of Abdul Rahman as Amir, 1875;
  • XXXVII: Abdullah bin Feysal [‘Abdullāh bin Fayṣal] defeats Abdur Rahman, 1875-80;
  • XXXVIII: Threatened Revolt of the Montefik Arabs [al-Muntafiq], 1880;
  • XXXIX: Sheikh Abdullah bin Thanneyan, 1879-1880;
  • XL: State of affairs in 1881;
  • XLI: Rise of the Shammar principality, 1835-1882;
  • XLII: Genealogy of Shammar Chiefs;
  • XLIII: Hostilities between Abdullah bin Feysal and Ibn Rashid [Ibn Rashīd];
  • XLIV: Imprisonment of Abdullah bin Feysal and absorption of the Wahabi Kingdom in the Shammar principality, 1887-1896;
  • XLV: Complications with Koweit, 1897-1904.
Extent and format
1 volume (34 folios)
Arrangement

The volume is arranged divided into forty five (identified by Roman numerals). There are paragraph numbers that are continuous throughout the whole volume, beginning on 1 at the start of the first section, and ending on 230 in the final section. A contents page appears at the front of the volume (folio 4).

Physical characteristics

Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the front cover and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.

Written in
English in Latin script
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'Persian Gulf Gazetteer. Part I. Historical and Political Materials. Précis of Nejd Affairs, 1804-1904' [‎5] (13/68), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/20/C240, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023512715.0x00000f> [accessed 28 March 2024]

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