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'Persian Gulf Gazetteer. Part I. Historical and Political Materials. Précis of Nejd Affairs, 1804-1904' [18] (26/68)
The record is made up of 1 volume (34 folios). It was created in 1904. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
18
borabarded Demfnim, a plaoe which, as lying within the territory of " Feysal
Beg, the Kaunraakam of Nejd," was " part of the hereditary dominions of the
Sultan." To which Her Britannic Majesty's Consul-General at Baghdad replied
that we had hitherto " always maintained direct relations with Amir Feysal
as well as with all the Chiefs and Principalities situated on the shores of the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
"; that our pacific policy in the Gulf was well known, and
that in the prosecution of that policy we " had never acknowledged the autho
rity or jurisdiction of any other State—an authority and jurisdiction moreover
wiiich assuredly the Porte neither does exercise nor has ever exercised in that
quarter." In reporting this correspondence to Her Britannic Majesty's Am
bassador at Constantinople the Consul-General wrote as follows :—•
" Althougli it may not be denied that, since the Egyptian invasion of Nejd in 1839-40,
Amir Feysal has remained tributary to the Turkish authorities of Mecca, his tribute being
regarded probably as an offering- to the head of the religion it is certain that the Porte has
r.ever exercised any jurisdiction, or attempted to extend its authority, over that country.
Were it otherwise, were a Turkish administration established capable of controlling the
province, restraining the Wahabis and their dependants from the piratical practices for which
they were once so notorious, and finally o£ preventing or giving satisfaction for any breach of
international law, such a state of things might be as conducive to good order, as it would be
certainly less burdensome to the British Government than the maritime surveillance, which,
in the interests of commerce, the British Goverment is now compelled to maintain in the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
. But in point of fact, the Porte has not the power to punish or coerce its tribu
tary ; not a single Turkish functionary exists in the country; and to judge from my own
experience of the duties of the British Resident in the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
, I feel assured that, were
the relations of that officer with the Amir of Nejd to be di.-turbed in a manner to withdraw
the Wahahi Coast from his immediate supervision, the effect must be highly prejudicial to
the policy which has hitherto obtained under the orders and sanction of Her Majesty's Indian
Government in that quarter."
68. In April 1862 the Resident reported that he was making another and a
final effort to effect a peaceable settlement between Amir Jb'eysal and the
Chief of Bahrein, but that he much feared open war between the two parties
w as inevitable.
XXL—(1) Differences between the Sultan of Maskat. (2) Amir of
Nejd, 1864—1865.
69. Towards the close of 1864, the Chief of Rostack (whose family had
been dispossessed of Sohar in 1849) displayed a hostile spirit towards the
Sultan of Maskat and proposed to transfer his allegiance to the Wahabi Chief
• Letter No. 277, dated the 3rd December under certain conditions of tribute payment.
1864 ' Colonel Disbrowe reported* to Government
on the 3rd December 1864, that the Sultan had engaged in an expedition
against this Chief, but that it had accomplished little, owing to the inter
ference of one of the Wahabi Amir's lieutenants.
70. In another letterf written on the same day Colonel Disbrowe submit-
f No. 279, dated the 3rd December 1864. ted an application from His Highness
Syud Thovveyni, for a supply of ammu
nition, etc., and while pointing out that both the Maskat and Wahabi States
were on terms of amity with the British Government, he observed
"Even when His Highness the Sultan of Maskat has been on unfriendly relations with
Wahabi authorties, His Highness has always, during my service in the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
,
received the sympathies of the British Government through its representatives in the Gulf.
Wahabi encroachments are essentially noxious and require discouragement
71. Subsequently, the Sultan of M.askat addressed the Bombay Govern
ment confhming the intelligence which had already been communicated by
Colonel Disbrowe, adding that he had written to the Wahabi Amir, and
suggested^ that the differences which had arisen, in consequence of the proceed
ings of his Lieutenant Suderi, should be decided by the British Resident in the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
.
72. Colonel Pelly being then on the Arab Coast was requested to report
fully on the differences between the Sultan of Maskat and the Wahabi Chief
and to employ his good offices if mediation were of any use, but " to let the
About this item
- Content
The volume, stamped ‘Secret’ on the front cover and frontispiece, is part 1 (historical and political materials) of a précis of Najd (spelt Nejd throughout) affairs for the years 1896-1904. It was prepared by Jerome Antony Saldanha of the Bombay Provincial Civil Service, and published in 1904 by the Government of India Foreign Department, Simla, India.
The volume includes a preface (folio 3) and list of contents (folio 4). The sections listed in the contents run as follows:
- I: Rise of the Wahabis under Abdul Wahab [‘Abd al-Wahhāb] ante1740;
- II: Political History of Nejd ante 1800 to 1804;
- III: Genealogy of the Wahabi Amirs;
- IV: First encroachments of the Wahabis on Oman,, 1804-1808;
- V: (1) Joasami [Āl Qāsimī One of the ruling families of the United Arab Emirates; also used to refer to a confederation of seafaring Arabs led by the Qāsimī tribe from Ras al Khaima. ] pirates under Wahabi influence first venture into the Indian Seas. (2) Expedition against Joasamis and Wahabis, 1808-1809;
- VI: First Egyptian Invasion of Nejd, 1814-1819;
- VII: Resurrection of the Wahabis and Reconstitution of the Wahabi Kingdom, 1824-1831;
- VIII: Wahabi overtures to British Government, 1831;
- IX: (1) Wahabi Invasion of Oman, 1833. (2) Views of the Government of India as to the claims of Maskat [Muscat] on the British Government;
- X: (1) Turki [Turkī] murdered by Meshari [Mashārī]. (2) Meshari executed by Feysal [Fayṣal]. (3) Feysal assumes Kingdom;
- XI: (1) Second Egyptian Invasion of Nejd. (2) Egyptian withdrawal under British pressure;
- XII: Government of Khalid [Khālid] as Turkish viceregent;
- XIII: (1) Abdullah bin Saneyan [‘Abdullāh bin Thānīyān] seizes the kingdom. (2) Feysal returns from exile;
- XIV: (1) Oman again threatened by the Wahabis. (2) British policy;
- XV: Wahabi attempt on Bahrein [Bahrain]
- XVI: Invasion of Oman by Abdullah, son of Feysal (2) Treaty between Maskat and Wahabis;
- XVII: Feysal's nominal dependence upon Turkey, 1855;
- XVIII: (1) Renewal of Wahabi attempt on Bahrein. (2) British interference, 1859;
- XIX: (1) Blockade of Wahabi ports by Chief of Bahrein, 1861. (2) Blockade raised on British interference;
- XX: Turkish protest against British proceedings;
- XXI: Differences between Sultan of Maskat and Amir of Nejd, 1864-65;
- XXII: Visit of Colonel [Lewis] Pelly to Riadh [Riyadh], 1865;
- XXIII: Difference between Sultan of Maskat and Amir of Nejd (continued), 1864-1865;
- XXIV: (1) Rebellion of two Oman tribes under leadership of Wahabi Officer. (2) Outrage of British subjects;
- XXV: British operations against the Wahabis, 1865-66;
- XXVI: The Amir of Nejd comes to terms, 1866;
- XXVII: Deputation of a Wahabi envoy to Baghdad, 1866;
- XXVIII: Wahabi advances to Beraymi [al-Buraymī];
- XXIX: Civil War between Abdullah and Saud [Sa‘ūd], his brother. (2) Turkish expedition into Nejd to assist Abdullah, 1870-71;
- XXX: Saud bin Feysal's appeal to the Resident for arbitration of the British Government, 1871-1873;
- XXXI: Saud's negotiations with the Turks, 1872;
- XXXII: First Mission of Haji Ahmed [Ḥājjī Aḥmad] to Baghdad, 1872;
- XXXIII: Second Mission of Haji Ahmed to Baghdad, 1872;
- XXXIV: Visit of Abdullah messenger to Baghdad, 1872-1873;
- XXXV: Release of Abdur Rahman [‘Abd al-Raḥmān];
- XXXVI: Death of Saud bin Faysal [Sa‘ūd bin Fayṣal] and election of Abdul Rahman as Amir, 1875;
- XXXVII: Abdullah bin Feysal [‘Abdullāh bin Fayṣal] defeats Abdur Rahman, 1875-80;
- XXXVIII: Threatened Revolt of the Montefik Arabs [al-Muntafiq], 1880;
- XXXIX: Sheikh Abdullah bin Thanneyan, 1879-1880;
- XL: State of affairs in 1881;
- XLI: Rise of the Shammar principality, 1835-1882;
- XLII: Genealogy of Shammar Chiefs;
- XLIII: Hostilities between Abdullah bin Feysal and Ibn Rashid [Ibn Rashīd];
- XLIV: Imprisonment of Abdullah bin Feysal and absorption of the Wahabi Kingdom in the Shammar principality, 1887-1896;
- XLV: Complications with Koweit, 1897-1904.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (34 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume is arranged divided into forty five (identified by Roman numerals). There are paragraph numbers that are continuous throughout the whole volume, beginning on 1 at the start of the first section, and ending on 230 in the final section. A contents page appears at the front of the volume (folio 4).
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the front cover and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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'Persian Gulf Gazetteer. Part I. Historical and Political Materials. Précis of Nejd Affairs, 1804-1904' [18] (26/68), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/20/C240, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023512715.0x00001c> [accessed 25 April 2024]
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- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/20/C240
- Title
- 'Persian Gulf Gazetteer. Part I. Historical and Political Materials. Précis of Nejd Affairs, 1804-1904'
- Pages
- front, front-i, i-r:ii-v, 1:2, 1:12, 14:15, 17:37, 39:56, iii-r:iii-v, back-i, back
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence