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'Arabia. Handbooks prepared under the direction of the Historical Section of the Foreign Office - no 90' [96] (111/148)
The record is made up of 1 volume (69 folios). It was created in 1919. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
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96
ECONOMIC CONDITIONS [No. 90
association of recognised caravan guides. The Ukeil
are not a tiribe, but are chosen from among the tribes
men of central Arabia and the Hasa, care being taken
to exclude all the large tribes and those which have
blood-feuds, so as to preserve the neutral character of
the organization. The president of the society must
always be a native of Boreida, but must live at Bagh
dad, the head-quarters of the organization, where mem
bers are enrolled. The Ukeil conduct the camel-trade
of the desert, and are employed by Damascus dealers
to buy from the tribes in Arabia and the Syrian desert.
The presence of the Ukeil vouches for the genuinely
commercial or travelling character of a caravan.
Without these guides no tribesman could safely leave
his own tribal territory, and business between tribes
would be impossible.
Of lesser importance is the institution of the Rafik,
or " companion," chosen from a tribe over whose dira
or range, a merchant or traveller must pass. The pre
sence of a Rafik is, however, no protection against
raiders from another dira.
(d) Foreign Interests
Though there are no large foreign undertakings of
any kind in Arabia, it is noteworthy that such enter
prises as do exist are mainly in the hands of foreigners.
The predominant foreign activity is Hindu, especially
in Oman and the Hadhramaut. At Muscat, the fish
trade is controlled by an Indian firm, a Hindu has the
monopoly of the small but lucrative pomegranate
trade, and Hindus are importers, bankers, date ex
porters, and silversmiths. In fact, most of the Muscat
and Matra trade is in the hands of Indians, who
also possess a considerable share of the Aden trans
shipment trade. Two Indian shipping companies call
at Jedda and one at Hodeida. Second only to the
Hindus are the Italians, whose influence is strongest
in the Red Sea provinces, especially at Sana and
Hodeida. Italian Somaliland and Eritrea offer a
convenient basei for their operations. At Hodeida,
About this item
- Content
This volume contains information on the geography, political history and economic conditions of Arabia and was published by the Historical Section of the Foreign Office in April 1919.
It is divided into four sections: 'Geography Physical and Political'; 'Political History'; 'Political Conditions' and 'Economic Conditions'. There is an Appendix, containing tables regarding trade in Aden, Muscat and Bahrein, 1909-1917.
There is a map 'Sketch Map of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. and Arabia', compiled by the War Office on June 1914.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (69 folios)
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: There is a foliation sequence, which is circled in pencil, in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. of each folio. It begins on the first folio with text, on number 1, and ends on the map on a sleeve on the inside back cover, on number 70.
Pagination: There is also an original pagination, iv-vi, 2-127.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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'Arabia. Handbooks prepared under the direction of the Historical Section of the Foreign Office - no 90' [96] (111/148), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/20/E85, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023512781.0x000070> [accessed 18 April 2024]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/20/E85
- Title
- 'Arabia. Handbooks prepared under the direction of the Historical Section of the Foreign Office - no 90'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, i-r:i-v, 1:6, 1:130, ii-r:ii-v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence