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‘Report on the Administration of the Persian Gulf Political Residency and Muscat Political Agency for the Year 1880-81’ [‎96v] (65/244)

The record is made up of 1 volume (121 folios). It was created in 1881. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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48
administration report of the persian gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. political
Faith. —The religion of Islam also is based on " faith." This*
consists in testifying- that there is but one God, without co-partner, that
Mohammed was His servant and messenger sent to guide to the true
religion, making it manifest to the people of all creeds regardless of the
scoffs of the infidel. Since the religion was brought from God, it is
manifest truth. No doubt nor uncertainty attaches to it. As to the
coming hour, there is no doubt of that, nor that God will raise the dead
from their graves. But Islam in its completeness requires the practice
of the following observances :—
R eligious O bservances.
Firstly, —Prayer with its accompanying rites,f conditions^ and
obligations, such as the necessary purifications and washings; observ
ance of appointed times, selecting a pure place, and turning towards the
Kibleh.
Prayer must be offered with earnest intention, and any word or
deed calculated to affect the perfection of the act must be avoided. It
is needful to understand the essential principles of prayer, to discriminate
between those forms prescibed for persons at home and those for journey
ing. To know the observances for Friday according to the ordinances of
the Almighty as laid down by his Apostle and the just " Imams" who
followed him. The believer should be acquainted with the forms of
prayer for festivals, for the dead, and those to be repeated in times of
trouble. Also the distinctions of voluntary and supererogatory prayers
and the rest as enjoined by the Prophet.
A lms.
Secondly. —Alms§, the payment of zekat or legal alms from
such property as the law ordains. The obligations regarding this must
be understood, and the zekat paid to the proper parties where the Nisab,[|
estate, reaches the full value, the proper proportion being paid from the
flocks.
The Zekat-el-Pitr also must be paid, that is a Sa'a^f measure from
the consumption of each person.** The dole to be given to the proper
persons among the poor.
* The orthodox describe faith to consist in belief, (1st,) in God; (2nd,) His Angels;
(3rd,) Scriptures; (4th,) Prophets; (5th,) resurrection; and (6th,) decrees.
t viz., (1,) prayer; (2,) almsgiving; (3,) fasting; (4,) pilgrimage.
X Conditions of prayer—
1. Members of the body must be free from impurity.
2. Garments must be clean.
3. A clean place is necessary.
4. Fixed times must be observed.
5. The face must be turned towards the Kibleh.
_ § Alms are of two kinds, zekat or legal alms, and Sadakat or voluntary. The first
being divided by law on fixed conditions.
|| The property must reach a certain value in cattle called Nisab.
1 Six pounds. This is paid at the termination of the fast of Ramadhan.
T ,r llUS ^ied on five things, (I) cattle, (2) money, ( 3) corn, (4) fruits, (5)
merchandize. The Ibadhis should pity to their " Imams." ^ ^ ' w > w

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Content

Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1880-81, published by Authority at the Foreign Department Press, India (Calcutta), forming part of the Selections from the Records of the Government of India, Foreign Department (No. 181) and based on reports sent to Government by Lieutenant-Colonel Edward Charles Ross, Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. . The report is preceded by a copy of a letter sent by Ross to Sir Alfred Comyn Lyall, Secretary to the Government of India, dated 14 July 1881, which enclosed the submission of the original reports to the Government of India (folio 69).

The report is divided up into a number of parts, as follows:

1. General Report , prepared by Ross (folios 70-82), which is divided a number of small reports, organised by region and subject, as follows: 1. ’Omán [Oman] or Muskat State; 2. Pirate Coast; 3. Islands of Bahrain; 4. Nejd, El-Hasá [Al-Hasa] and El-Katr [Qatar]; 5. Southern Persia, with subheadings for Arabistan, Fars, Bushire, Lingah [Bandar-e Lengeh] and Persian Beloochistan [Baluchistan]; and 6. Bassidore; naval; slave traffic; the observatory at Bushire; and the purchase of mules in Persia. Under the observatory report (folio 74) there is a handwritten pencil note (author unknown) which questions the underlined term ‘Samoom’ in the text, described as ‘a scorching northerly wind’. Three appendices follow the report: Appendix A comprises tabulated meteorological data from the Bushire observatory; Appendix B contains extracts from a report written by Captain Edward Durand, former Assistant Resident, on the men and internal politics of Fars; Appendix C is a genealogical table showing part of the Kájár [Qājār] royal family of Persia, indicating their present official appointments.

2. Administration Report of the Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. , Muscat, for the year 1879-80 , prepared by Lieutenant-Colonel Samuel Barrett Miles, Her Britannic Majesty’s Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. and Consul in Muscat (folios 83-98), chiefly reporting on internal political affairs, with additional short reports on changes in British offical personnel and the slave trade. Two appendices follow the report: A. A note on the tribes of Oman, written by Miles, with tabulated data on the population, district and political affiliation of tribes, and separate sections dedicated to each main tribe, detailing their geographic location, character, and internal organisation. Appendix A also includes two genealogical tables, entitled ‘Seif bin Mohammed bin Saeed bin Mohammed bin Abdulla Âb Boo Saidi’ (folio 92) and ‘Khalfân bin Mohammad bin Abdulla el Wakeel Âb Boo Saidi’ (folio 93). Folio 94 is a note, inserted into the volume at a later, unspecified date, stating that a map, plan or sketch has been temporarily removed from the volume. Appendix B is a note, prepared by Ross, on the Ibadhiyah sect of Oman, with the translation of chapter 29 of “Keshf-ul-Ghummeh-El-Jama’l ’Akhbár-el-Ummeh” of the Shaikh Sirhán-bin-Sa’íd-el-’Alwai of Oman.

3. Report of trade in 1880 , prepared by Ross (folios 98-175), comprising a summary of trade and the harvest in southern Persia, and imports and exports. Two appendices follow the report: Appendix A is a note on sea-fishing in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , written by Lieutenant I. MacIvor, Assistant Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , giving details of the main fishing areas; times of year for sea-fishing; boats used in fishing; fishing methods; curing and preparation of fish; importance of turtles; and varieties of fish found in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. and at Muscat, with a tabulated list of fish, alongside their (transliterated) Arabic and Persian names; numbers of boats and men involved in fishing; and quantities of fish caught in the Gulf and at Muscat. Appendix B comprises tabulated trade statistics, indicating the quantity and values of imports and exports in the region, lists of goods traded, nationality and tonnage of trading vessels.

4. Trade at Muscat , prepared by Miles, dated 27 May 1881 (folios 176-85), incorporating a general overview of trade, followed by a number of appendices comprising tabulated statistics for the average tonnage of vessels entering and leaving Muscat, imports and exports, value and description of goods.

Extent and format
1 volume (121 folios)
Arrangement

The report is arranged into a number of parts and sections, with tabulated statistical data directly following written sections as appendices. There is a contents page at the front of the report (folios 67-68), which refers to the report’s internal pagination sequence.

Physical characteristics

Condition: There is a small tear in folio 90. A number of pages (between folios 91 and 92) have been cut out of the volume.

Written in
English in Latin script
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‘Report on the Administration of the Persian Gulf Political Residency and Muscat Political Agency for the Year 1880-81’ [‎96v] (65/244), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/V/23/40, No 181, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023549644.0x000043> [accessed 25 April 2024]

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