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'Persian Gulf - Turkish jurisdiction along the Arabian coast (Part II)' [‎157r] (21/45)

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The record is made up of 1 file (21 folios). It was created in 1 Sep 1879. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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47
of carrying out these directions, Colonel Nixon
asked the Wali of Bussorah whether a British ship of
war should be sent to check disorder, and referred
the same question to the British Ambassador at
Constantinople. The Wali replied that a Turkish
corvette had been ordered to cruise in the disturbed
parts, and that the Mutasarif of Kateef had received
stringent instructions to suppress further piracies.
Ultimately the Turkish Minister of Marine
directed the <£ Broussa" or " Iskandaria " or both,
if necessary, to proceed to the Nejd coast, and
declared that the Bussorah authorities would be held
responsible for the restoration and maintenance of
order. On the 22nd January Colonel Ross reported
that a Turkish force had marched by land against
El Hussein, a village five miles from Zahran, and
had destroyed it, but the ringleader and other
persons concerned in recent piracies were not
captured. The measures taken were altogether
inadequate, and piratical boats continued to molest
trading vessels ; moreover, both the Turkish ships
of war broke down.
On the 14ith Eebruary, the Resident of the Persian
Gulf telegraphed that Zaid bin Muhammad's success
bad led to further piracies off Kateef. A fresh gang
of the Beni Hajir had started under another leader
and captured two Bahrein vessels laden with dates;
afterwards they joined Zaid's band, near EL Hussein,
and departed with their booty into the interior.
Subsequently they put to sea again in search of
further prizes, and closed communication between
Bahrein and Kateef. The Chief of Bahrein expressed
alarm for his islands, and asked either that he
might be permitted to take the necessary measures
for the recovery of his boats, or that Her Majesty s
ship "Spartan" should act. In Colonel Ross's
judgment the piracies were likely to attain formi
dable dimensions, and to prejudice British prestige
and interests; he, therefore, suggested that the
Turkish Government should arrange with the
Ejman tribe to coerce the Beni Hajir, who might
be cut off from the sea, and that all the landing
places should be occupied and the coast patrolled, a
vessel of war being stationed at Bahrein for the
^ The Government of India directed Colonel Ross
to order Her Majesty's ship -Spartan'' to cruise
in the neighbourhood of Kateet and to protect
Bahrein as required by treaty. He was authorized
to suppress piracy by sea and to punish maritime
offenders, whatever their nationality, but operations
on the mainland were prohibited. He was also
empowered to place a British Officer temporarily at
Bahrein, and Captain Durand, the Eirst Assistant
to the Resident, proceeded thither.
On the 15th Eebruary, Colonel Ross telegraphe
that on the 11th Eebruary thirty Beni Hajir, from
Zahran, had committed a raid on Azaria, ten miles
from Manamah, on the larger island of Bahrein, and
killed one man. The Chief of Bahrein desired pei-
mission to seize the boats in the possession of the

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Content

A memorandum, written by Adolphus Warburton Moore, Assistant Secretary of the Political and Secret Department of the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. , 1 September 1879.

The document is a continuation of ' Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. - Turkish jurisdiction along the Arabian coast (Part I)' (IOR/L/PS/18/B19/1) and broadly addresses the same issues, namely, what to do about Turkish claims to sovereignty along the southern coast of the Gulf that could potentially impinge on Britain's treaty commitments with local rulers and their security responsibilities at sea (the suppression of piracy), and whether to come to some kind of comprehensive arrangement with the Ottoman Government to settle the matter. To support this, the document gives a history of recent affairs in the region, making extensive use of correspondence and memoranda mostly written between 1874 and 1879. The principal correspondents are from the Government of India, the Foreign Office, the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. , and various political and diplomatic offices in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , Turkish Arabia A term used by the British officials to describe the territory roughly corresponding to, but not coextensive with, modern-day Iraq under the control of the Ottoman Empire. , and Constantinople. The matters covered by the document concern events at Bahrein [Bahrain], Guttur [Qatar] - including Zobarah [Al Zubarah 18th-century town located 105 km from Doha. ], Odeid [al-‘Udaid], and El Bidaa [Doha] - Lahsa [al-Hasa], and the Trucial states A name used by Britain from the nineteenth century to 1971 to refer to the present-day United Arab Emirates. .

The memorandum concludes by outlining the position of the Foreign Office, the Government of India, and the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. (represented by the author) on the following four matters:

1. The status of Odeid;

2. The need to better define areas of responsibility and jurisdiction with the Porte, and whether to hold them responsible for order along the coast under their authority;

3. A revision of Britain's treaties with Bahrain, the Trucial chiefs, and Muscat;

4. The arrangement of Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. business between the Bushire Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and the Baghdad Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. .

The author quotes extensively from the correspondence and other sources, notes on which are to be found in the margin throughout.

Extent and format
1 file (21 folios)
Physical characteristics

Foliation: The foliation for this description commences at folio 148 and terminates at folio 168, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. The main foliation sequence commences at the front cover, and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.

Pagination: The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.

Written in
English and French in Latin script
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'Persian Gulf - Turkish jurisdiction along the Arabian coast (Part II)' [‎157r] (21/45), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/18/B19/2, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023557944.0x000017> [accessed 29 March 2024]

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