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'Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf. Vol I. Historical. Part IA & IB. J G Lorimer. 1915' [943] (1098/1782)
The record is made up of 2 volumes (1624 pages). It was created in 1915. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
943
External affairs and foreign interests, etc., in Bahrain, 1905-07.
The position and influence of Great Britain in Bahrain were undoubted- Position of
ly consolidated by the crisis of 1904-05 ; and the relations of the BaWitt""
Shaikh with the British
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
, though the former still regarded
offers of advice as attempts to undermine his authority in internal
matters, improved slowly but steadily during the following year.
Foreign trade continued to expand with extraordinary rapidity; in
1905-06 it was greater by 57^ percent, than in the most favourable
year previously recorded, and in 1906-07 there was a further increase of
5| per cent., and a total value of Rs. 4,73,18,202 was attained.
The course of affairs was not, however, equally satisfactory in all
departments. No progress was made in the matter of customs reform,
on which so much stress had been laid by the British Government; and
the existence of a large contraband trade to Persia, partially accounting
perhaps both for the increase of trade and for the unwillingness of the
Shaikh to allow any interference with his customs arrangements, came
to be suspected.
It was felt also that some features of the internal administration of
Bahrain were not altogether creditable to the protecting British power.
The slave trade still flourished, and slaves were freely imported from
Qatar and Hasa, and occasionally from Sur in the 'Oman Sultanate.
Oppression of subjects too was rife, carried on not only by the Shaikh
and by members of the Al Khalifah family, but also by petty magis
terial and revenue authorities, and especially by the Qadhis, who were
addicted to gross abuse of their functions; the chief sufferers from the
arbitrariness of the administration were the aboriginal cultivating popula
tion, who lived in a condition of virtual serfage and were liable to forced
labour and to other hardships.
The question of a remedy for these evils and of a stricter definition
of the subordinate relations of the Shaikh with the British Government
was raised after the crisis of 1904-05 and was duly considered by His
Majesty's government, who resolved, however, to pursue a cautious
policy. It was decided that, for the time being, the activity of the
British political authorities should be confined to the direction and
control of the Shaikh's external relations, and that amelioration of the
internal government should be sought by indirect and pacific means.
About this item
- Content
Theses two volumes make up Volume I, Part IA and Part IB (Historical) (pages i-778 and 779-1624) of the Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , ’Omān and Central Arabia (Government of India: 1915), compiled by John Gordon Lorimer and completed for press by Captain L Birdwood.
Part 1A contains an 'Introduction' (pages i-iii) written by Birdwood in Simla, dated 10 October 1914. There is also a 'Table of Chapters, Annexures, Appendices and Genealogical Tables' (page v-viii) and 'Detailed Table of Contents' (pages ix-cxxx), both of which cover all volumes and parts of the Gazetteer .
Parts IA and IB consist of nine chapters:
- 'Chapter I. General History of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Region' (Part IA, pages 1-396);
- 'Chapter II. History of the ’Omān Sultanate' (Part IA, pages 397-629);
- 'Chapter III. History of Trucial ’Omān' (Part IA, page 630-Part IB, page 786);
- 'Chapter IV. History of Qatar' (Part IB, pages 787-835);
- 'Chapter V. History of Bahrain' (Part IB, pages 836-946);
- 'Chapter VI. History of Hasa' (Part IB, pages 947-999);
- 'Chapter VII. History of Kuwait' (Part 1B, pages 1000-1050);
- 'Chapter VIII. History of Najd or Central Arabia' (Part 1B, pages 1051-1178);
- 'Chapter IX. History of Turkish ’Iraq' (Part 1B, pages 1179-1624).
- Extent and format
- 2 volumes (1624 pages)
- Arrangement
Volume I, Part I has been divided into two bound volumes (1A and 1B) for ease of binding. Part 1A contains an 'Introduction', 'Table of Chapters, Annexures, Appendices and Genealogical Trees' and 'Detailed Table of Contents'. The content is arranged into nine chapters, with accompanying annexures, that relate to specific geographic regions in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. . The chapters are sub-divided into numbered periods according, for example, to the reign of a ruler or regime of a Viceroy, or are arbitrarily based on outstanding land-marks in the history of the region. Each period has been sub-divided into subject headings, each of which has been lettered. The annexures focus on a specific place or historical event. Further subject headings also appear in the right and left margins of the page. Footnotes appear occasionally at the bottom of the page to provide further details and references.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: The foliation sequence is circled in pencil, in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. of each folio. The sequence runs through parts IA and IB as follows:
- Volume I, Part IA: The sequence begins on the first folio with text, on number 1, and ends on the last folio with text, on number 456. Total number of folios: 456. Total number of folios including covers and flysheets: 460.
- Volume I, Part IB: The sequence begins on the first folio with text, on number 457, and ends on the last folio with text, on number 878. It should be noted that folio 488 is followed by folio 488A. Total number of folios: 423. Total number of folios including covers and flysheets: 427.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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'Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf. Vol I. Historical. Part IA & IB. J G Lorimer. 1915' [943] (1098/1782), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/20/C91/1, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023575946.0x000063> [accessed 23 April 2024]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/20/C91/1
- Title
- 'Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf. Vol I. Historical. Part IA & IB. J G Lorimer. 1915'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, i-r:iii-v, 1:130, 1:778, iv-r:iv-v, back-i, front-a, back-a, spine-a, edge-a, head-a, tail-a, front-a-i, v-r:v-v, 779:1098, 1131:1146, 1099:1130, 1147:1484, 1489:1496, 1485:1488, 1497:1624, vi-r:vi-v, back-a-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence