!['Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf. Vol I. Historical. Part IA & IB. J G Lorimer. 1915' [‎1064] (1219/1782)](https://iiif.qdl.qa/iiif/images/81055/vdc_100000000884.0x000148/IOR_L_PS_20_C91_1_1219.jp2/full/!1200,1200/0/default.jpg "'Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf. Vol I. Historical. Part IA & IB. J G Lorimer. 1915' [‎1064] (1219/1782)")
'Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf. Vol I. Historical. Part IA & IB. J G Lorimer. 1915' [1064] (1219/1782)
The record is made up of 2 volumes (1624 pages). It was created in 1915. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
1064
Civilising
tondoncy r.t
homo of the
Wahbabi
government.
Religious
aspects of
the adminis
tration.
The tendency of the Wahhabi government in Najd, in comparison at
least with the system or no-system which had preceded it, was essentially
civilising. Among the principal objects kept in view were the establish
ment of law and order, the suppression of local wars and private feuds, and
the substitution for the latter of state-inflicted punishments and state-award
ed compensation ; and considerable severity was used in the prosecution of
these aims with the result that Arab license, though far from being
abolished, was tempered and held in check. Local responsibility for the
prevention of crime, especially robbery, was very strictly enforced ; and
punishment was even inflicted on bystanders who failed to interfere in
personal affrays. By discouraging facility of divorce the Wahhabi Amir
sought to raise the level of morality among his subjects. A great part
of the new system was repulsive to the Bedouins, who had been accustomed
to live by plunder; and the innovation of disregarding, in the case of
criminals, the ancient principles of tribal protection or sanctuary must
at first have been regarded with consternation.* The security established
by the Wahhabi ruler was, however, appreciated by the non-nomadic
population, though these too had their grievances; and, on the whole
public opinion appears to have supported the Amir in most of his reforms.
I unishments were severe, but generally took the form of fines beneficial
to the treasury; the death penalty however, though rare, was not
unknown, and was inflicted in cases of homicide committed with a danger
ous weapon. 1" or men of position the gravest penalty was shaving of
the beard, and enormous fines were sometimes paid in order to escape
this last extremity of degradation.
T he administiation was characterised by less of religious austerity
than might have been expected from the principles of those by whom
it was conducted. After the first few years it was not attempted,
eAen in Najd, to pi event the smoking of tobacco in private; and after
I S 10, an (ffoi t that had been made to avoid communication with heretics
having been abandoned as impracticable, commercial intercourse with 'Iraq
and Syiia was gradually resumed. The punctual and regular observance
o the fixed pia^eis was however enforced, when necessarv, by beating
mth sticks. The commercial policy of Sa'ud was liberal; and, though
y was f oi bidden, he did not interfere with speculators who bought
eap and held up their stocks, even in times of scarcity, for a rise in
prices.
^««xm protection ' 9ee pel,y,8 ^ ^ tfmee capital
About this item
- Content
Theses two volumes make up Volume I, Part IA and Part IB (Historical) (pages i-778 and 779-1624) of the Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , ’Omān and Central Arabia (Government of India: 1915), compiled by John Gordon Lorimer and completed for press by Captain L Birdwood.
Part 1A contains an 'Introduction' (pages i-iii) written by Birdwood in Simla, dated 10 October 1914. There is also a 'Table of Chapters, Annexures, Appendices and Genealogical Tables' (page v-viii) and 'Detailed Table of Contents' (pages ix-cxxx), both of which cover all volumes and parts of the Gazetteer .
Parts IA and IB consist of nine chapters:
- 'Chapter I. General History of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Region' (Part IA, pages 1-396);
- 'Chapter II. History of the ’Omān Sultanate' (Part IA, pages 397-629);
- 'Chapter III. History of Trucial ’Omān' (Part IA, page 630-Part IB, page 786);
- 'Chapter IV. History of Qatar' (Part IB, pages 787-835);
- 'Chapter V. History of Bahrain' (Part IB, pages 836-946);
- 'Chapter VI. History of Hasa' (Part IB, pages 947-999);
- 'Chapter VII. History of Kuwait' (Part 1B, pages 1000-1050);
- 'Chapter VIII. History of Najd or Central Arabia' (Part 1B, pages 1051-1178);
- 'Chapter IX. History of Turkish ’Iraq' (Part 1B, pages 1179-1624).
- Extent and format
- 2 volumes (1624 pages)
- Arrangement
Volume I, Part I has been divided into two bound volumes (1A and 1B) for ease of binding. Part 1A contains an 'Introduction', 'Table of Chapters, Annexures, Appendices and Genealogical Trees' and 'Detailed Table of Contents'. The content is arranged into nine chapters, with accompanying annexures, that relate to specific geographic regions in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. . The chapters are sub-divided into numbered periods according, for example, to the reign of a ruler or regime of a Viceroy, or are arbitrarily based on outstanding land-marks in the history of the region. Each period has been sub-divided into subject headings, each of which has been lettered. The annexures focus on a specific place or historical event. Further subject headings also appear in the right and left margins of the page. Footnotes appear occasionally at the bottom of the page to provide further details and references.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: The foliation sequence is circled in pencil, in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. of each folio. The sequence runs through parts IA and IB as follows:
- Volume I, Part IA: The sequence begins on the first folio with text, on number 1, and ends on the last folio with text, on number 456. Total number of folios: 456. Total number of folios including covers and flysheets: 460.
- Volume I, Part IB: The sequence begins on the first folio with text, on number 457, and ends on the last folio with text, on number 878. It should be noted that folio 488 is followed by folio 488A. Total number of folios: 423. Total number of folios including covers and flysheets: 427.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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'Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf. Vol I. Historical. Part IA & IB. J G Lorimer. 1915' [1064] (1219/1782), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/20/C91/1, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023575947.0x000014> [accessed 16 April 2024]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/20/C91/1
- Title
- 'Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf. Vol I. Historical. Part IA & IB. J G Lorimer. 1915'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, i-r:iii-v, 1:130, 1:778, iv-r:iv-v, back-i, front-a, back-a, spine-a, edge-a, head-a, tail-a, front-a-i, v-r:v-v, 779:1098, 1131:1146, 1099:1130, 1147:1484, 1489:1496, 1485:1488, 1497:1624, vi-r:vi-v, back-a-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence