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'MEMORANDUM RESPECTING THE NAVIGATION OF THE TIGRIS AND EUPHRATES.' [13r] (26/284)
The record is made up of 1 file (42 folios). It was created in 24 Apr 1913. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
11
Lord Ponsonby,
No. 295,
September 18,
1841.
Malet, p. 134.
Colonel Taylor to
East India
Company, No. 25,
October 27, 1842.
Colonel Taylor to
Sir S. Canning,
No. 14,
October 14, 1842.
at the time, and nothing was known of it until
1881, when it was referred to by Mr. Plowden
in his memorandum of the 28th March, and again
by Musurus
Pasha
An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders.
in his interview at the Foreign
Office on the 15th August, 1883. A copy of it was
furnished by Musurus
Pasha
An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders.
the 28th December,
1S83.
In 1841 two of the steamers ascended
the Euphrates, where they were detained by
the fall of the river and w^ere unable to
descend. In consequence a vizierial letter,
dated the 16th September, 1841, was addressed
to the
Pasha
An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders.
of Aleppo giving permission for the
crews to land and remain at Belis until the river
became navigable. (Appendix V.}
In the same year (1841) the Tigris, Euphrates,
and other rivers, and some canals in Mesopotamia
and in Persia, were ascended and surveyed, and
these explorations were carried on by the flotilla
until 1842, when three of them were withdrawn
by the Indian Government for service on the
Kiver Indus, the " Nitocris " alone being left in
Mesopotamia.
All this exploration of the rivers w r as carried
out, it will be observed, without any protest from
the Turkish Government; indeed, so far from
protesting that Government gave permission by
the vizierial letter of September 1841 for the
crews to land and stay at Belis until the waters
of the Euphrates had risen sufficiently to enable
the steamers to descend, and in 1812 they
availed themselves of the services of the
tf< Kitocris" in order to enable the Governor of
Bussorah to reach his destination.
In 1845 Major Bawlinson, who had a sltort
time previously been appointed
political agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
in
Turkish Arabia
A term used by the British officials to describe the territory roughly corresponding to, but not coextensive with, modern-day Iraq under the control of the Ottoman Empire.
and consul at Bagdad, referred to
the monthly trip of the 44 Nitocris " to Bussorah.
We now come to the events which led to the
much discussed agreement of 1846.
In 1842 and the following years the question
of the duties levied in the Mesopotamian rivers
became acute, and in order to make the matter
clear it is desirable to refer very briefly to the
earlier papers affecting these duties.
By articles 57 and 58 of the English capitula
tions it was settled that English merchants
should pay a duty of 3 per cent, on goods
imported by them from English or foreign ports;
and by firmans and letters the Pashas of Bagdad
applied these stipulations of the capitulations to
About this item
- Content
Memorandum, written by Richard William Brant and Edward Parkes of the Foreign Office, Apr 1913 regarding navigation on the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. The memorandum is divided into four parts:
- Historical Memorandum respecting the navigation of the Mesopotamian rivers. The memorandum describes the history of British relations with Turkish Arabia A term used by the British officials to describe the territory roughly corresponding to, but not coextensive with, modern-day Iraq under the control of the Ottoman Empire. and the progress of their relations in order to determine the rights that Great Britain possesses which allow it to participate in the trade and navigation of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. The memorandum covers both the period where rights were acquired by the East India Company (1579-1859) and from 1860s onwards where rights and special privileges were acquired and maintained on behalf of the Tigris and Euphrates Steam Navigation Company (folios 8-66);
- British rights by treaty with regard to the navigation of the Tigris and Euphrates, which looks at the rights accrued by Great Britain through treaties with the Ottoman Government and through the Ottoman Empire's treaties with other nations (folios 67-70);
- Conclusions, which summarises the conclusions that can be drawn from the information provided in both the historical memorandum and the treaties sections (folios 71-74);
- Chronological Table covering the period 1759 to 1912, with annual entries from 1873 onwards (folios 75-119) ;
- Annex: Instances where the employment of British steamers in the navigation of the Tigris and Euphrates has been asserted or admitted to be limited by the Firmans of 1834 and 1841;
- Appendices: 34 items which are listed on folio 122, and include extracts and copies of Treaties, Firmans, Memorandum, Circulars and other relevant documents covering the period 1718 to 1912.
- Extent and format
- 1 file (42 folios)
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: The main foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover, and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio (except for the front cover where the folio number is on the verso The back of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'v'. ). An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between folios 4-139; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
Pagination: The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/18/B199
- Title
- 'MEMORANDUM RESPECTING THE NAVIGATION OF THE TIGRIS AND EUPHRATES.'
- Pages
- front, back, front-i, 2r:123r, 124r:125v, 126v:127v, 129r:130r, 133v:137r, 138r:138v, 139v:141v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence