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'MEMORANDUM RESPECTING THE NAVIGATION OF THE TIGRIS AND EUPHRATES.' [18r] (36/284)
The record is made up of 1 file (42 folios). It was created in 24 Apr 1913. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
21
Appendix XI,
No. 2.
Appendix XI,
Enclosure 1 in
No. 1.
Appendix X (C).
Major Rawlinson,-
No. 16, April 1,
1846 (Archives).
Major Rawlingon,
No. 7, October 27,
1846.
To Board of
Control,
December 17,
1846.
To Major
Kawlinson, No. 5,
June 8,1847.
Major Rawlinson,
No. 12,
March 16, 1849,
Archives, vol. 334.
but in September 1846 Major Eawlinson sent a
circular to the British merchants of Bagdad
embodying the first five paragraphs of Sir S.
Canning's despatch to him of the 25th March,
1816, with a copy of the vizierial letter of the'
2nd April, 1846.
Early in 1846, by Major Rawliuson's direc
tions, the "Nitocris" made an unsuccessful
attempt to ascend the Tigris to Mosul.
In his instructions to the commander on this
occasion, Major Rawlinson laid stress on the
political importance of ascending the Tigris, in
order to preserve the right which had been
granted by special
firman
A Persian word meaning a royal order or decree issued by a sovereign, used notably in the Ottoman Empire (sometimes written ‘phirmaund’).
to British war vessels.
He stated that this was also the object of the
monthly trip of the " Nitocris " to Bussorah.
He did not, however, specify the
firman
A Persian word meaning a royal order or decree issued by a sovereign, used notably in the Ottoman Empire (sometimes written ‘phirmaund’).
, presum
ably he referred to that of 1834.
He had the same object in view when in 1845
he wrote to the
Board of Control
Formally known as the Board of Commissioners for the Affairs of India, it was established by an Act of Parliament in 1784 to supervise the activities of the East India Company.
with regard
to the contemplated withdrawal, on account of
their cost, of the armed steamers from the
Mesopotamian rivers. He then pointed out
the great political and commercial advantages
which we gained from the presence of a war
vessel on the Rivers Tigris and Euphrates, and
the difficulty we should have in recoverin 0, this
right of navigation should it be abandoned.
ITe had referred to the above correspondence,
because in 1846 the question of the withdrawal
of the " Nitocris" was again raised on the
occasion of her being sent to Bombay for
repairs.
In consequence of the above despatch, Lord
Palmerston made a strong representation to the
Board of Control
Formally known as the Board of Commissioners for the Affairs of India, it was established by an Act of Parliament in 1784 to supervise the activities of the East India Company.
, and the 44 Nitocris " was allowed
to return to the Mesopotamian rivers.
It may be noticed that enclosed in Major
Rawlinson's despatch No. 7 quoted above is a letter
from the British merchants at Bagdad, in which
attention was called to the fact that the river
craft afforded the only means of conveyance
between Bagdad and Bussorah, and they spoke of
the protection afforded them by the presence of
the war steamers on the rivers.
In 1848 a claim was put forward by the Bagdad
authorities for the payment by Messrs. Lynch
and Co. of " galibiyeh " duties for one of their
boats on the Tigris. The matter became the
subject of a suit in one of the local courts,
[163 — 1] G
About this item
- Content
Memorandum, written by Richard William Brant and Edward Parkes of the Foreign Office, Apr 1913 regarding navigation on the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. The memorandum is divided into four parts:
- Historical Memorandum respecting the navigation of the Mesopotamian rivers. The memorandum describes the history of British relations with Turkish Arabia A term used by the British officials to describe the territory roughly corresponding to, but not coextensive with, modern-day Iraq under the control of the Ottoman Empire. and the progress of their relations in order to determine the rights that Great Britain possesses which allow it to participate in the trade and navigation of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. The memorandum covers both the period where rights were acquired by the East India Company (1579-1859) and from 1860s onwards where rights and special privileges were acquired and maintained on behalf of the Tigris and Euphrates Steam Navigation Company (folios 8-66);
- British rights by treaty with regard to the navigation of the Tigris and Euphrates, which looks at the rights accrued by Great Britain through treaties with the Ottoman Government and through the Ottoman Empire's treaties with other nations (folios 67-70);
- Conclusions, which summarises the conclusions that can be drawn from the information provided in both the historical memorandum and the treaties sections (folios 71-74);
- Chronological Table covering the period 1759 to 1912, with annual entries from 1873 onwards (folios 75-119) ;
- Annex: Instances where the employment of British steamers in the navigation of the Tigris and Euphrates has been asserted or admitted to be limited by the Firmans of 1834 and 1841;
- Appendices: 34 items which are listed on folio 122, and include extracts and copies of Treaties, Firmans, Memorandum, Circulars and other relevant documents covering the period 1718 to 1912.
- Extent and format
- 1 file (42 folios)
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: The main foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover, and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio (except for the front cover where the folio number is on the verso The back of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'v'. ). An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between folios 4-139; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
Pagination: The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/18/B199
- Title
- 'MEMORANDUM RESPECTING THE NAVIGATION OF THE TIGRIS AND EUPHRATES.'
- Pages
- front, back, front-i, 2r:123r, 124r:125v, 126v:127v, 129r:130r, 133v:137r, 138r:138v, 139v:141v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence