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'The Middle Eastern question or some political problems of Indian defence' [‎109v] (223/616)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (306 folios ). It was created in 1903. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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162 THE KARUN TRADE ROUTE
are certainly not formidable. The "Persian Trading
and Transport Company " has also acquired the right
to open up a new road from Shuster on the upper
Karun through the Dizful valley to Khorumabad
and Burujird, connecting thence through Sultanabad
with the carriage-road for which the Imperial Bank
had also acquired a concession from the Persian
Government. On this route the difficulties are likely
to be greater, as it will have to be carried through the
turbulent country of the Lurs, but there is no reason
why the methods which have proved successful with
the Bakhtiaris, who are themselves an offshoot of the
Lur tribes, should not be equally successful with the
nomads of Luristan proper. In any case, the navigation
of the Karun will have to receive a little more attention
at the hands of British diplomacy than it has had during
the greater part of the last fifteen years. So far we seem
never to have quite realised that it is one thing to obtain
the promulgation of a Persian Firman A Persian word meaning a royal order or decree issued by a sovereign, used notably in the Ottoman Empire (sometimes written ‘phirmaund’). and another to
secure its execution. A brief summary of the difficulties
with which British enterprise on the Karun has had to
contend possesses from this point of view more than a
merely retrospective interest.
Even the most unprogressive of Chinese Mandarins
might learn something from Persian Mandarins in the
matter of obstruction and bad faith. Within a few
weeks of the promulgation of the Firman A Persian word meaning a royal order or decree issued by a sovereign, used notably in the Ottoman Empire (sometimes written ‘phirmaund’). the Persian
Government elaborated a series of regulations concern
ing the navigation of the Karun, which were obviously
intended to defeat as far as possible the objects of the
concession. It was ruled that no foreigner could
purchase, hold, or mortgage property on the Karun, al
though the Treaty of Turkman Chai, of which we share
the benefits under our most-favoured-nation clause.

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Content

The volume, written by Valentine Chirol and printed in London by John Murray in 1903, is based on a series of letters written by Chirol during a journey through Persia and the Persian Guf, that appeared in The Times in 1902 and 1903.

The main topics are: the concept of 'Middle East'; the Baghdad Railway; the British role in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; the Russian influence over Persia; the border of Afghanistan; the North-East Frontier of India, and Tibet. An appendix at the back of the volume contains copies of international treaties, and documents in French on the Baghdad Railway.

The volume contains numerous illustrations and three maps:

  • 'Sketch Map of the Borderlands of India';
  • 'Sketch Map of Asia showing railway expansion';
  • 'Sketch map of Persia and adjoining countries'.
Extent and format
1 volume (306 folios )
Physical characteristics

The foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover, and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.

Written in
English and French in Latin script
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'The Middle Eastern question or some political problems of Indian defence' [‎109v] (223/616), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/20/G43, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023644753.0x000018> [accessed 28 March 2024]

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