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'File 61/14 VIII (D 55) Relations Between Nejd And Iraq' [76r] (157/782)
The record is made up of 1 volume (389 folios). It was created in 22 Dec 1928-29 Apr 1929. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
[ This Docoment is the Property of His Britannic Majesty'■ Government. [
EASTERN (A rabia).
February 26, 1929.
CONFIDENTIAL.
S ection 3.
[E 1033/3/91]
No. 1.
Mr. Stonehevjer Bird to Sir Austen Chamberlain.—{Received February 26.)
(No. 43. )
Sir,
Jeddah, February 7, 1929.
I HAVE the honour to transmit herewith a translation of a letter from Ibn Saud
on the subject of the recent bombing of Nejd subjects in Iraq and the rumour of
a Nejd incursion on a large scale.
2. Ibn Saud writes that he would have preferred that the information
contained in Mr. Jakins's notes of the 5th January, of which copies were transmitted
under printed despatches Nos. 11 and 12 of the 6th January, had emanated from
His Majesty's Government, who verify the information they receive, rather than
from Captain Glubb, who, he cannot help feeling, acts on the frontier in a manner
contrary to the interests and desires of His Majesty's Government, thus disturbing
the good relations of the two countries and increasing the difficulties of the situation.
The report of a raid by Ibn Ashwan appears, Ibn Saud continues, to have been
untrue. Captain Glubb based his unjustifiable aggression on Nejdi subjects, who
were proceeding to pasture their animals in the desert, on unreliable reports from
Bedouins. Three men and twelve camels were killed on this occasion. Ibn Saud
protests and demands compensation.
3. The King traces the report that he had sanctioned the perpetration of a
raid into Iraq on a large scale to Captain Glubb, who, by spreading such rumours
on the frontier and reporting them to His Majesty's Government, succeeds by the
resultant increased movement of forces on the frontier in inflaming the passions of
the Nejdis. Ibn Saud regards Captain Glubb's activities as a most dangerous menace
to peace.
4. hen negotiations with Sir Gilbert Clayton were broken off. the situation
in Nejd itself and on the frontier was, Ibn Saud states, most critical; he had,
indeed, the gravest doubts of his ability to maintain the direction of affairs. Never
theless, he did not relax his endeavours to maintain peace throughout the frontier
area. He spent considerable sums of money with this object. As the result of his
efforts no incidents have occurred in which his subjects have been involved. He
assembled in conference the Amirs, ulema and chiefs of Nejd; all were in complete
agreement that the erection of the frontier posts was a breach of treaty, and that
their maintenance constituted a grave danger not only to the land and people but
to the sovereignty of Xejd. Duty dictated that every possible measure should be
adopted to effect their removal. Ibn Saud asserts that he did his best to convince
the people of the necessity for patience and the continuance of his policy of working
for the removal of the offending posts by peaceful methods. Some of his hearers
were guided by hrs views; others considered that to continue a policy of patience
would merely aggravate the present danger to Nejd. He is endeavouring to induce
these latter to be patient and deliberate, though, as His Majesty's Government knows,
^ he himself believes them to be right in their views that the posts are illegal.
5. It is, Ibn Saud states, at this critical juncture of Xejd affairs, when he is
using his utmost endeavours to maintain peace and security, that King Faisal pays
a visit to the frontier. Captain Glubb executes disturbing movements, and the people
of T ransjordan continue to use the Jauf area as a field for plunder. If, therefore,
his earnest endeavours in the cause of peace do not succeed in preventing a move
ment against Iraq, he will not be to blame. He wishes His Majesty's Government
to know of the efforts which he has been making, and to remind them that, as he
informed Sir Gilbert Clayton, he cannot accept responsibility for the results of the
breakdown of the negotiations nor of Iraq's insistence on maintaining the posts.
6. The King's letter is, in face of the provocation of which he^feels himself
to be the victim by King Faisal's untimely excursion to the frontier and the action
which resulted on Captain Glubb's apparently unfounded report of an incursion
en masse mto Iraq, decidedly moderate in tone. ' He does not so much inveigh against
King Faisal and Captain Glubb as seek to convince His Majesty's GoverrTment that
a repetition of the incidents complained of will result in his inability to curb, as he
[707 cc—3]
About this item
- Content
The volume consists of letters, telegrams, and reports relating to affairs between the British Mandate of Iraq and the Kingdom of Najd. The majority of the correspondence is between Leo Amery, Secretary of State for the Colonies, Austen Chamberlain, Foreign Secretary (both in London), Henry Dobbs, High Commissioner in Iraq (later Gilbert Clayton, Acting Hich Commissioner in Iraq), Lionel Haworth, Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in Bushire, Cyril Barrett, Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. in Bahrain, James More, Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. in Kuwait, Ibn Sa'ud, King of Hejaz-Najd and its Dependencies, John Glubb, Administrative Inspector in Iraq, Gerald De Gaury, Special Service Officer in Kuwait, the British Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. in Jeddah, and the Government of India.
The volume covers the period of unrest after a revolt by the Ikhwan , including a number of raids on Kuwait and the Battle of Sabila, which effectively brought the crisis to an end. Subjects raised are:
- a raid on Kuwait by the Ikhwan;
- an attack on a car on the Kuwait-Basra road in which an American Missionary, Henry Bilkert, is killed;
- intelligence of tribal movements and activities, particularly those of the Ikhwan tribes of Mutair, 'Ajman, and 'Utaibah, and the threat and occurrence of cross-border raids, all gathered from reports by John Glubb, Flight Lieutenant Howes (Special Service Officer in Kuwait), as well as local rumour and reports;
- issues concerning the defence of Kuwait;
- the failure of Gilbert Clayton and Ibn Sa'ud to come to an agreement over the legitimacy of the desert 'police posts' in Iraq;
- the thoughts, motivations, and capabilities of Ibn Sa'ud;
- a second meeting between Ibn Sa'ud and Ikhwan leaders in Riyadh to try and resolve the crisis;
- the idea of a blockade of Hasa ports to force the Najdi tribes into submission;
- the Battle of Sabila and its aftermath.
Other subjects included are:
- the imprisonment of Nuhaitar ibn Juraiyid of the Dhafir tribe in Hail;
- the channels through which communication with Ibn Sa'ud should be made (i.e. through Bushire or through Jeddah).
Notable within the volume is a sketch map and extensive notes by Harold Dickson on the seasonal migrations of the shepherd tribes of the Lower Euphrates.
At the end of the volume (folios 378-382) are office notes.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (389 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume is arranged chronologically. There is an alphabetical subject index to the contents, at the front of the volume (folios 3, 4). The index entries include the folio numbers of relevant documents, to help identify and locate them within the volume.
- Physical characteristics
Main foliation: the sequence starts on the first page and continues through until the inside back cover. The numbering is written in pencil, circled, and positioned in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. There are the following irregularities: there is no folio numbered 2, instead, the second, third, and fourth folios have been numbered respectively 2A, 2B, and 2C.
Secondary, earlier foliation sequence: the numbers1 to 341 are written in pencil, but not circled, on folios that were subsequently renumbered 5 to 377.
Condition: the top left corner of folio 47 has been torn away, obscuring some text.
- Written in
- English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script View the complete information for this record
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'File 61/14 VIII (D 55) Relations Between Nejd And Iraq' [76r] (157/782), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/1/584, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023663086.0x00009e> [accessed 20 April 2024]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/R/15/1/584
- Title
- 'File 61/14 VIII (D 55) Relations Between Nejd And Iraq'
- Pages
- front, front-i, 1r:1v, 2ar:2cv, 3r:18v, 21v:129v, 131r:297v, 298ar:298bv, 299r:386v, back-i, back
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence