'History of the imâms and seyyids of 'Omân by Salîl-ibn-Razîk, from A.D. 661-1856; translated from the original Arabic, and edited with notes, appendices, and an introduction, continuing the history down to 1870, by George Percy Badger, F.R.G.S., late chaplain in the Presidency of Bombay.' [‎75] (108/612)

and analysis.
Ixxv
of ^Oman. At the instigation of the Wahhabis, the el-Ka-
wasim, (Joasmees), under their chief Hasan-bin-Rahmah,
had extended their piracies to the coast of western India.
Determined to suppress these outrages, and also to relieve
the Seyyid Said from the power of the Wahhabis, the Go
vernment of India ordered an expedition to be sent to the
Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. . Their first operations were directed against
Ras-el-Khaimah, which appears to be the modem name
of Julfar. 1 The attack commenced by a bombardment on
the 12th of November, 1809, which was repeated on the
following day, when a breach having been made in the
castle the assailants " rushed in, drove away the garrison,
plundered the houses, burnt the shipping, carried away a
large booty, and took Hasan-bin-Rahmah prisoner."
Meanwhile, Mutlak-el-Mutairy continued his depredations
upon the territory of Sohar, in conjunction with one Mu
hammad-bin-Ahmed, who held the fort of Shinas. The
Seyyid Said having requested the cooperation of the English
to reduce that place also, the combined forces arrived there
on the 31st of December, 1810, and captured it the day fol
lowing, after an heroic resistance. According to the native
account, Muhammad started for el-Bereimy, as soon as the
bombardment began, to invoke the aid of Mutlak, and re
turned with a body of Wahhabis, but was unable to break
through the investing force, and died suddenly the same
night. It appears, further, that after the English had re-
embarked, having made over the battered fort to the Seyyid
Said, they warned him, and his brother Salim, and his cousin
^Azzan, of Sohar, to re-embark also, as they had seen "dust
in the air in small clouds." This proved to be the advance
of Mutlak with a large army, which fell upon the troops of
the Seyyids, killed many of them, and put the remainder to
flight, the Seyyids escaping to el-Masnaah, mounted on fleet
horses, under cover of a dust-storm. It seems probable
1 See note, p. 322.