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'File 19/169 II (C 76) Agitation in Bahrain' [‎6r] (22/514)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (247 folios). It was created in 18 Feb 1935-27 Dec 1938. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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/9.
Sunnls and they attend in large numbers. Unfortunately financial
stringency has so far prevented the establishment of village
schools which would be more useful to the Baharinah than to the
Arabs, but it is intended to proceed with the establishment of
more schools as soon as funds are available. There is a large
element of personalities in this question and among their spoken
demands was the appointment of a certain young man to be Head
Master of the Manamah School,
8. On the 30th January the four Manamah leaders called on the
Adviser to the Bahrain Government, Two were civil but the other
two were very rude and referred to the Shaikh's letter in vulgar
terms. They said that none of their requests had been granted and
that as they had failed to attain their ends by lawful means, they
would use other means, and pointed out that there was great excite
ment among the Baharinah all over the Island, They compared their
position to that of people in other countries, for example, f Iraq,
but would admit no comparison with Sa f udi Arabia where, they said,
sheer oppression reigned. They threatened that people in India
would support them and that they had friends who would write to
the Press (including 'The Times'), They appeared to feel most
strongly about education, but chiefly on the ground that the nephew
of one of the petitioners ought to be the Head Master of the
Manamah School, They seemed almost uninterested in the question
of establishing more schools in the country villages, which are
entirely Shi'ah. They claimed that but for their backing Shaikh
Sir Hamad would not have become Shaikh, and there are points of
resemblance between the present trouble and that which arose just
before the abdication of the late Shaikh Sir 'Isa bin 'Ali A1
Khalifah,

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Content

A collection of correspondence that primarily relates to agitation that took place in Bahrain between 1935 and 1938. The main topics discussed are the reform of Shia religious courts in Bahrain, the factors involved in the unrest, a brief history of the Baharnah (the Shia community in Bahrain), matters related to education in the country, the emergence of an educated class in Bahrain and employees of the Bahrain Petroleum Company.

The correspondence is primarily between the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. in Bahrain (Hugh Weightman) and the Resident in Bushire (Lt Col Trenchard Craven Fowle). Correspondence from Shaikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa’s advisor, Charles Belgrave, is also contained.

Extent and format
1 volume (247 folios)
Arrangement

Arranged in chronological order, from earliest at beginning of file to latest at end. On folio 2 there is an index by topic entitled Bahrain Agitation. The folio numbers given refer to the inconsistent, uncircled folio system in the top right-hand corner of the pages.

Physical characteristics

A bound correspondence file. The volume is foliated from the first page with text to last page with text, with small circled numbers in the top-right corner of each front-facing page. Some folios originally missed out have had letters added at a later date, e.g. 1a. 1b etc. There is an inconsistent foliation system of uncircled numbers also in the top-right corner of each front-facing page.

Written in
English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script
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'File 19/169 II (C 76) Agitation in Bahrain' [‎6r] (22/514), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/1/343, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023832500.0x000017> [accessed 29 March 2024]

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