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'File 19/165 I (C 18) Bahrain Reforms' [‎31r] (74/528)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (234 folios). It was created in 5 Apr 1922-23 Jul 1923. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

Transcription

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*
'• ' il
control equally the sannl and Shiah tribes. The Dowasir have been
>led so ^ong in Bahraiii that they f re recognised as Bahrain subjects
la their relations with the ahailcs they do not enjoy the good ofirices
tli ;,Qney # u3 is the case with all recognised subjects of J&in Saud*
3ince they are however virtually independent they have no neexd for
such assiatanca.
Th?! Rulars of Hahmadn have recently adopted a somwhat 5t
,aor« just attitude towards the ahlaha,probably aa a result of the wamln,
giren by OoTern^nent.but quite raoently they appear to be testing their
power again In this rospeot.and as In aooordanoe with the Instmotlons
of Ooremoment I hare soruoously arolded Interference,they are Inclined
to gnin oonfidenoe. The Jiahrainis on the other hand are dlviSai,and
some of the leaders tee disoouraged at haring obt- ined no support from
H.M.G. as a result of appeals,whereas others advocate open rebellion
should oppression again increase and are reported to hare imported arias.
• ^ sunni tribes are almost . p 11 pearling HaJchudas*
GrcvQt oppression exists in th€ pearl diving,and the majority of the
oppressed are shiahs and under British protection,being foreign arabs or
Persians. The Sunni tribes resent all reforms.lest a small beginning
should lead to reforms also in the diving.
I would point out that whereas reforms introduced by
*
the ShaiJcs,might bo a good thing even if imperfectly devised and
Inefficiently carrUd out, it will be a difforent matter if they are
introduced under pressure from H.M. Govt. In that event every pos ible
flaw wi covered and exploited. Before embarking on such a
POj r I would therefore respectfully suggest that I may be ^iven
sufficient time to make a more careful study of the present s*Me of
tax: tion the nature and effect of improvements which could be
tec. .particularly those originally suggested by the ^haika. It
would place us in a most invidious position to insist on reforms if
in practice they did not adequately remove cause for grievance.
a. "t ijTom ohe question of ta335tion is the more crying need
^or some system which will ensure Justice as between bonnis and
3haiha t for this is the grievance which is most likely to react on
opinion in neighbouring ShdAh countries.

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Content

This volume contains detailed discussions regarding the proposed British reforms in Bahrain. The documents discuss the attitude of Shaikh Isa bin Ali Al Khalifa towards the reforms and the role of his sons Abdullah bin Isa Al Khalifa and Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa.

The oppression of the Shia community by the Al Khalifa family and Bahrain's taxation system are discussed as are the implications of the implementation of the reforms vis a vis British relations with Bin Saud and the Persian Government.

The file also contains correspondence between British officials and Shaikh Isa, a petition from the Baharna (Shia) indigenous community of Bahrain and reports regarding Nejdi-Persian violence that occurred in Bahrain in 1923.

Extent and format
1 volume (234 folios)
Arrangement

The file is arranged in chronological order, from earliest at beginning of the file to most recent at end. The file contains an index of topics on the page prior to folio 1. The index uses page numbers relating to the file's consistent foliation system.

Physical characteristics

Originally a bound correspondence volume, its sheets have been unbound and are now all loose. Foliation - in pencil on the top right corner of each front-facing page - starts on the first page of text after the index page. There is an inconsistent pencilled system that is crossed out, also on the top right corner of each front-facing page.

Written in
English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script
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'File 19/165 I (C 18) Bahrain Reforms' [‎31r] (74/528), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/1/336, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023840573.0x00004b> [accessed 29 March 2024]

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