'Central Asia. Part V. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the History, Ethnography, Topography, and resources of part of Asiatic Turkey and Caucasia' [‎3] (18/360)

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ABE—AR-I
Samara and the Katuls and extending- from the east bank of the Tigris to
the Hamrin hills and Karkuk. They are of ancient lineage and are known
also by the name of the AlbtJ S hahr or illustrious.
Their divisions are as follows :—
A1 Abed, 150 tents usually reside at Shabeeheh.
Ash Shawizadeh 100 „ „ ditto.
Albu-alg^eh 300 „ „ * near and round Karkuk.
Albu Hyaza 200 „ „ Al-aith.
Allu All 150 „ „ Hamrlen.
Abbu Reyash 150 „ „ Hawi Lek-lek.
They are predatory and strong in horses and camels, and give much trouble
to the authorities. (Jones.)
Ali-I-ALA—Lat. Long-. Elev.
A river of Kurdistan, which rises in the mountains of Mangasht near Kalat
Ala, from which it receives its name. Leaving 1 the high range it traverses the
small and fertile valley of Mai Daud. Below the plain of Bagh-i-Malik it
receives the waters of the Ab i Zard, and then empties itself into the Ab-i-
Ramoz, a feeder of the Jarahi. The water of this river is of the most exqui
site transparency, and is celebrated for its purity throughout the country.
On its banks are the ruins of many villages and towns of the Sassanian
period. The houses which are almost without exception vaulted are con
structed of roughly hewn stone united by a very tenacious cement. {Layard.)
ABICHES.—Lat. Long. Elev.
A tribe of the Caucasus, who inhabit the mountains on the east coast of the
Black Sea. They are said to excel all the tribes in daring and bravery, but
they are rapacious, revengeful, treacherous, and cruel to their prisoners.
Only two Europeans have acquired any information of this people, one the
Englishman Bell, the other a Baron Von Turnau, who was taken prisoner by
them. The latter describes their country as one mass of steep mountains pre
senting the wildest features of the Caucasian region. Immense primeval
forests clothe slopes of the mountains on the side of the Black Sea. The
villages are generally placed in most inaccessible spots being either hidden
in the bosom of the thickest forest or perched like eagles' nests on the rocky
declivities at the edge of the chasms.— { Wagner.)
AB-I-GARM.—Lat. Long. Elev.
A hot spring in the Province of Kars, Asiatic Turkey, to which considerable
medicinal qualities are attributed. It lies on the road from Kars to Arzrum,
about 60 miles west of the former, and on the boundary between the two
provinces. Travellers are in the habit of bathing in it, though Sir W.
Ouseley describes the heat to be " almost as great as the human body can
well endure." {Ouseley
AB-I-RBSH.—Lat. Long. Elev.
A river of Kurdistan, which rises in the southern slopes of the Jabl Turand
on the junction of the Ab-i-Spi forms the Jaghjagha River. It has its rise
in a deep sluggish pool near some old grots. The water of this river is as
its name Resh denotes of a darker colour than that of the Ab-i-Spi. {Tayler.)
AB-I-SPI.—Lat. Long. Elev.
A river of KurdistSn which rises in the south slopes of the Jabl Tnr and
on the junction of the Ab-i-Resh forms the Jaghjagha River. It rises in
a deep spring at the base of the mountains and its water is clear and
sparkling as crystal. {Taylor.)