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'The Seven Independent Arabian States [Yemen, ‘Asir, Hijaz, Najd, Kuwait, Jabal Shammar and al-Jawf]' [‎10r] (19/680)

The record is made up of 1 file (10 folios). It was created in May 1935. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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to Lave special arrangements providing for reciprocal acceptance of each
other's direct jurisdiction. I informed him that if he could produce Vice { r g 7 ' f s te j'
agreements, and if the other parties, on being referred to, acknowledged 0 f e
their validity, I thought we should be prepared to recognise them . . peating tel. from
In the light of the protest in question, the wording of the Draft Order in p ol 2632 8 /i2.
Council was amended to its present form, under which (Article 8 of the
Order in Council A regulation issued by the sovereign of the United Kingdom on the advice of the Privy Council. of 191.3) the power conferred by the Order extends
" to the persons and matters following in so far as by Treaty, grant,
usage, sufferance, or other lawful means. His Majesty has jurisdiction
in relation to such persons, matters, and things, that is to say ;—
(1) British subjects as herein defined within the limits of this Order.
(2) Foreigners with respect to i oho in the Sheikh of Bahrein has agreed
with His Majesty for, or consented to, the exercise of jurisdiction
hy His Majesty.
(3) Bahrein subjects registered in the Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. as being in the
regular service of British subjects or foreigners; with the proviso
that all cases wherein such Bahrein subjects are concerned shall
be dealt with in accordance with the provisions of Part V of this
Order.
(4) The expression 'person to whom this Order applies' shall be
construed in accordance with the above three sub-Articles.
(5) The property and all personal or proprietary rights and liabilities
within the said limits of British subjects and of foreigners within
sub-Article (2) and of Bahrein subjects within sub-Article (3),
whether such persons are themselves within or without the limits
of this Order.
(G) British ships and ships belonging to foreigners within sub-
Article (2) with their boats, and the persons and property on board
thereof, or belonging thereto, being within the limits of this Order;
provided that jurisdiction over foreign ships shall not be exercised
otherwise than according to the practice of the High Court in
England in the exercise of jurisdiction over foreign ships.
(7) If any question arises whether the subjects or citizens of any country,
State, or tribe have or have "not been placed under the jurisdiction
of His Majesty by agreement with, or the consent of, the Sheikh
of Bahrein, it shall be referred by the Court to the Political
PesideiU, and a certificate under his hand and seal shall be
conclusive on the question and judicial notice shall be taken
thereof."
10. Part V of the Order, to which reference is made in Article 8 quoted
above, deals with the important class of case, whether civil or criminal, in
which the parties are respectively a Bahrein subject and a person to whom
the Order applies. The procedure laid down in it is as follows : —
" (a) Criminal.
Article 41.—(1) When a Bahrein subject desires to institute a
complaint against a person to whom this Order applies, or a person
to whom this Order applies desires to institute a complaint against a
Bahrein subject, the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. shall entertain the same, and may—
(а) with the concurrence of the Sheikh of Bahrein, himself hear
and determine it in his District Court, or
(б) send it to the Joint Court, or
(c) if the defendant is a Alahomniedan, refer it to a Kazi for
decision, sending a representative of the Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. to record
briefly the proceedings. Such decision, when endorsed by
the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , shall for all purposes be considered as if
it were that of the District Court.
(2) Nothing in this Article shall prevent the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. from
exercising the revisory powers possessed by him under Article 4 of
the Convention with Bahrein, dated the 31st May 18yi." :;: '
* See para. 1 above.

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Content

This confidential memorandum, printed by the Foreign Office in May 1935 is a report by William John Childs concerning the seven independent Arabian states or autonomous areas. The report contains an introduction that states that the 'purpose of the paper is to give a brief outline each of the seven independent Arabian states', listed on folio 316, 'at the time of the Arab rising against the Turks in June 1916'.

The report is divided into sections covering each state as follows:

  • 'The Imamate of Yemen ruled by Imam Yahya [Yaḥyá Muḥammad Ḥamīd al-Dīn]' (folio 316);
  • 'The Principate of Asir ruled by the Idrisi [Sayyid Muḥammad bin ‘Alī al-Idrīsi]' (folios 316-317);
  • 'The Emirate of Mecca (or the Hejaz) ruled by Husein [Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī], Emir and Sherif of Mecca' (folios 317-319);
  • 'Emirate of Nejd [Najd] ruled by Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd], Emir of Riyadh' (folios 319-323);
  • 'The Sheikhdom of Koweit [Kuwait] ruled by the Sheikh of Koweit [Mubārak bin Ṣabāḥ]' (folio 323v);
  • 'The Emirate of Jebel Shammar [Jabal Shammar] (or Hail [Ḥā’il]) ruled by the Emir of Hail [Sa‘ūd bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Rashīd]' (folios 323-324)
  • 'Jauf-el-Amir [Jawf al-Amīr, under the rule of Nūrī bin Sha‘lān]' (folio 324v).

A footnote on folio 316 records: 'This memorandum was prepared by the late Mr. William John Childs and found among his papers. A few modifications and additions have been made to bring it up to date'.

Extent and format
1 file (10 folios)
Physical characteristics

Foliation: The foliation for this description commences at folio 315, and terminates at folio 325, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, a re circles, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between folios 4-327; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.

Written in
English in Latin script
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'The Seven Independent Arabian States [Yemen, ‘Asir, Hijaz, Najd, Kuwait, Jabal Shammar and al-Jawf]' [‎10r] (19/680), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/18/B446, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023898366.0x000015> [accessed 28 March 2024]

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