'File No. E/3. QATAR - Shaikhs Jasim & Ahmad al Thani & death of Shaikh Jasim in 1913' [‎46r] (103/394)

Mus-a lam Section whohave long abandoned their nomadic habits In favour of
the more lucrative profession of pearl-dealing, the mantle of the Benl Khalld has
fallen upon the Maadhid section of the Al-bln-AII. to which the Thanl famllv
belongs, who though of less noble birth have become much imbued with the
blooa ot the Mus-allam through inter-marriages.
j / ^f 1 .' 4 ;^ The ^ Khalifa section of the Utub tribe migrated from Kowelt
and established themselves at Zubara on the west coast of Katr At this time
Huwela, inhabited by the Mus-allam, was the largest town in the Peninsula
Fuwerat was occupied by the Maadhid and other sections of the AI-bin-AII and
Bida by a strong section of Sudan refugees from Oman. Other small and at
this time apparently independent, tribal communities of purely sea-farin^
orcupations were located at intervals all round the coast except to the south ot
Zubara, and the interior of the^ Peninsula provided pasturage during the cold
weather to the ISayim and Manasir tribes from Oman and the Beni Haiir AI
Morra and Ejman tribes from Hasa. J '
i i i- 7<5 ' A ' ■ 0 -~ About ttlls year, another section of the Utub tribe named
k Ai^ifl'f 16 Ii 1 i 0 ^ atr , om Kowe,t 1 and being indifferently received by
the AI Khalifa, settled themselves at " Ravelsh " (probably either Ruwedtha
or Ruwes, both of which places are on the coast a few miles north of Zubara).
n S2 A. D.-By this time the AI Khalifa had peaceably extended their
influence over the entire peninsula. They now attafked the Persian Governor of
Bahrein and succeeded in capturing the Islands. They were assisted In their
enterprise, not only by their kinsmen and neighbours the Jalahlma and by some
of the AlSubah section o the Utub from Koweit but also by parties of the
Musa lam from Huwela, Al-bm-Ali from Fuwerat, Sudan from Blda AI Bin Ainen
ir n.^ w « w UWer , HaSSan ' Suluta from Doha . M^nanaa from
Abu Dthuluf, bada (Syeda) from Ruwes, AI Bu Quwara from Sumesma and also
Nayim nomads from the interior of the Peninsula. All these Katr tribesmen
settled down in Bahrein, but the AI Subah returned to Koweit in the following
year, and the Ja ahima, quarrelling with the AI Khalifa over the fruits of th?
^ctory, returned to Katr and established themselves at Khuwer Hassan under
their leader Rahmah Bin Jabir.
IU i /fl 0 j A ' V •r The I . mam ? f Maskat attack ed and conquered Bahrein. Thp
Ltub fled to Zubara, and applied to the Wahabis now established in Hasa for
assistance.
l£oi A. A—With Wahabi assistance, the AI Khalifa re-conquered Bahrein.
1S02 4. D.~lhe Wahabis completed their task of reducing to nominal
submission the whole coast from the mouth of the Shat-Al-Arab to The northern
hmits of Maskat territory. Their Agent, Abdallah bin Oofeysan, was entrusted
ai'd Wabab reVenUe fr0m Bah 1 rei . n ' Zubara . Khu »'er Hassan and Katlf
and Wahabi garrisons were maintained in all these places, though the loca
Ch efums were permitted to carry on their administrations. The lalahlma Sheikh
of Khuwer Hassan, who had most ingratiated himself with the Wahabis was
permitted to assume possession of Zubara.
wlthdr^h'- 0 ' -T - he W , ahabls ' bein g threatened with an attack from Egypt
withdrew their garrisons fiom the east coast, and the AI Khalifa, with the help of
the Imam of Maskat drove the Wahabi Agent out of Bahrein. " P
of Khallfa dl " ove Rahmah bin Jablr and the Jalahima out
Katr and took over their possessions there. Rahmah bin Jablr built himself
1816 to .S^a T T 3 ' K at ' f ' 1 and f fr0m th;s P osition e* 06 ?' durin g the period
nffen^H .h A 6 " u t0 r Uge m Bushire in consequence of his having
nmiUh Ji ! Wahabi Am.r, he preyed upon the trade of Katif and Bahrein"
mil the date of his death under dramatic circumstances in 1826 A.D.
sever^,^! 16 ^ between the Government of India and the
l^h AiJ n i! j' c f 61 " 6 S ' gned thls y ear - ln the Preliminary Treaty made
Kahmah bin KhV 1' Bahre ' n , ani1 " itS . de P endenci « " are mentioned.
Kahmah bin Jabir was also invited to subscribe to the general Treaty but
011 the P lea that he had become a port6g6of the Persian Government.
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