!['Government of Bahrain Administrative Report for the Years 1926-1937' [‎27r] (53/86)](https://iiif.qdl.qa/iiif/images/81055/vdc_100000000193.0x0002d7/IOR_R_15_1_750_0055.jp2/full/!1200,1200/0/default.jpg "'Government of Bahrain Administrative Report for the Years 1926-1937' [‎27r] (53/86)")
'Government of Bahrain Administrative Report for the Years 1926-1937' [27r] (53/86)
The record is made up of 1 volume (43 folios). It was created in 1937. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
31
©
Shia boys returned to the Manamah school. Towards the end of 1354 (1935-36) a new school was
opened in Sitiah, which was attended by about 30 boys, and it is proposed that several more schools
are to be opened in other districts in the Shia villages.
Technical In 1936, classes were started in the Manamah and Muharraq boys' schools
Education. tor teaching carpentry and simple mechanics. Two skilled carpenters
and a mechanic were obtained from Syria through the Beyrout University.
About a dozen boys are now learning carpentry and another class is being taught by the mechanic.
They are now working in classrooms in the schools, but this arrangement is inconvenient as the
noise disturbs the other classes and the space is small. A simple building is to be put up close to
the school, to be fitted out as a carpentry and engineering shop.
In Bahrain, all carpenters, masons, and most of the mechanics are foreigners. There is great
demand tor good work, and masons, etc., earn very high pay. There are undoubtedly great
opportunities tor tiained men in these professions, but the chief difficulty in teaching practical
tiades ot this kind is that many ot the boys and their parents regard such work as derogatory.
They w ould prefer to work as clerks at lower pay than as carpenters, masons, or mechanics.
Education in Bahrain is not compulsory; all Government schools are free, but students are
made to pay tor their books and materials. It has been suggested that fees for attending school
should be charged, but it this were done the attendance would be restricted to the sons and
daughters ot people of means, who are mostly foreigners. It has also been suggested that free
education should be provided for Bahrain subjects only and that foreigners should pay, but when
this question was examined it was found that almost all the children of foreign parentage attending
the Government schools were legally Bahrain subjects, having been born in Bahrain and not
registered as protected persons.
Thcrc is a difference in the subjects taught in the various schools. In the country schools
t e boys arc taught reading, writing, simple arithmetic, and the Quran. Girls learn reading, writing,
arithmetic, sewing, embroidery, hygiene, and Quran. They have made remarkably good progress
in sewing and embroidery and now produce work which would find a ready sale. More advanced
subjects are taught in the Manamah and Muharraq boys' schools, where the programme includes
English, history, geography, mathematics, book-keeping, and the system of diving accounts.
Leaving certificates are issued by the Department of Education to boys who pass an examination
when they leave the schools from the two top forms. No boy is taken into Government service
unless he possesses one of these certificates, but unfortunately their value has decreased since the
Bahrain Petroleum Company has taken to employing boys who do not hold certificates. During
the last two years, about sixty boys from the top classes in the Manamah and Muharraq schools
left school and obtained employment as clerks and gangers with the oil company; others have
been taken into Government service as pupil teachers, apprentices in the Customs Department,
and in other Government offices.
Games are encouraged at all schools, and the older boys play football. There is also a company
ot Boy Scouts in Manamah and Muharraq. At the end of each term a play is produced and acted
by the older boys. The play is usually very topical. These entertainments are extremely popular
with the public and are well produced and excellently acted.
The chief difficulties which beset the path of education are the complete lack of discipline
among the boys in their own homes, the religious differences between the two sects, Shias and
Sunnis, and the suspicious attitude of local people towards foreign teachers, who are essential
until the people of Bahrain have attained a sufficient degree of education to fit them to be teachers.
The question ot punishments is another problem; none of the punishments, except corporal
punishment, which are used in civilised countries have any effect in Bahrain. If boys are ordered
not to come to school because they misbehave, they do not care, nor do they mind being kept
back after school hours, and most of them are quite indifferent to losing marks.
Bahrain Boys at In 1929, seven boys from the Government schools were sent to the
Beyrout University. Beyrout University to be educated there at Government expense. Three
of them were members of the Ruling Family, the others were sons of
merchants who were chosen by the headmaster of the Muharraq school. All of them were Sunnis,
About this item
- Content
This volume is an administration report covering the years 1926 to 1937 (though in some subjects the report goes further back than 1926) and deals mainly with the activities of the Bahrain Government. It includes text, photographic images, graphs and tables. The report was based on annual reports of the financial and government departments which are made every year. A contents page can be found on folio 3, followed by a General Review by Charles Dalrymple Belgrave, dated December 1937 (folio 4).
The contents are divided into the following sections and sub-sections:
- Finance (folio 5): Revenue;
- The State Police and Public Security (folios 5v-10v): The Levy Corps, Political Disturbances, Attempt to assassinate the Shaikh, Indian Levy Corps, Crime and Prostitution, Drugs and Liquor, The State Jail, The Present Police Force, Administration and Routine, Changing Nature of Duties, Recent Innovations, Police Band, Camel Section, Shooting, Uniforms, Police Training in India, and The Naturs;
- Customs Department and Revenue (folios 10v-13v): Organisation and Establishment, Revenue (Customs Duty, Import Yard charges, Khanchieh, Porterage, Pier Fees, Landing Company, Mainland Cargo, Optional Cargo System, Transhipment Cargo), Transit Cargo, Export Dues, Boat-Building, Customs Improvements, Steamship Lines, and Future Improvements;
- Judicial (folios 13v-19v): Institution of Courts, The Bahrain Court (Criminal Cases, Civil Cases, Diving Cases, Land Cases, Fish-Trap Cases), The Bahrain Small Court, Shera [Sharia] Court (Sunni and Shia), The Mejlis Tajara [Majlis Tijārah] and Diving Court, Small Mixed Court, Laws and Codes, Police Regulations, and Judicial Legislation (Diving Regulations, Wakils Elected representative or attorney, acting in legal matters such as contracting marriage, inheritance, or business; a high-ranking legal official; could also refer to a custodian or administrator. , Mortgages, Appeals, Statute of Limitations, Liability of Government Servants);
- Public Works (folios 19v-23v): Roads, Buildings (Suk al-Khamis [Sūq al-Khamīs] Mosque, Idari Water Channel and Mosque, Manamah School and Workshop, Barracks, Police Station, New Customs House, Shops, Palace Wall, Law Courts, Bazaar Buildings, Jufair Naval Base, and Manamah-Muharraq Road;
- Land Registration (folios 23v-24v): Survey, Reports on Land Cases, Registration of Sales and Titles, Mortgages, Government Title Deeds, Fish-Traps, and Leases and Government Forms;
- Education (folios 24v-27v): Formation of an Education Committee, Muharraq School Built, Jaffarieh [al-Ja‘farīyah] School, Opening of a Girls' School, Appointment of a School Inspector, Strike of Students and Masters, Reforms in the Schools, Disappearance of School Committees, Amalgamation of Manamah Boys' Schools, Technical Education, Bahrain Boys at Beyrout University [American University of Beirut], Education of the Ruling Family, and Future Development of Education;
- Electric Department (folios 27v-29r): Original Installation, Muharraq Extension, Share of Municipalities, Progress, State Engineer, Progress, First Profitable Year, Future Prospects, Telephone System, and Summary of Seven Years' Working;
- Agriculture (folios 29r-31v): Land Tenure, Date Cultivation, Lucerne, Cereals, Cotton, Tobacco, Fruit Trees, and Vegetables.
- Wakf [Waqf] Administration (ff. 31v-35r): Nature of Wakfs, Shaikh Khalaf, Syed Adnan's Administration, Appointment of a Council, Previous attempts to organise Wakf Department, Progress of Administration and Elections, Results, Future Development, and Sunni Wakf Administration;
- Passport Department (folio 35r);
- Municipalities (folios 35r-38r): Constitution and History (Manamah and Muharraq), Municipal Finance, Municipal Taxation, Municipal Achievement, Roads, Manamah (Conservancy, Sanitation, Water Supply, Malaria, Fire Precautions, Markets and Food Regulations, Public Health Measures, Gardens, Cemeteries), and Muharraq Municipality;
- The Pearl-Diving Industry (folios 38r-40v): General, The Diving System, The Reforms, Demonstrations by Divers, The Slump, Diving Mortgages, Divers' Debts, Transfer of Divers, The Catch, and Recent Changes;
- Social and Political Developments (folios 41r-42v): Arabs and Baharna, The Baharna, The Townsfolk, Houses, Games, Class Changes, The Ruling Family, and The Women.
Photographic images appear on eleven folios, and they are labelled as follows:
- Folio 7: 'Sooq Al Khamis Mosque' and 'A Village Dispensary';
- Folio 11: 'An Artesian Well (Showing head of water)' and 'A Natural Spring (Adari [‘Adhārī])';
- Folio 14: 'Meat Market', 'Slaughter House', and 'Metal Vegetable Market (Under Construction)';
- Folio 15: 'Modern Village in Manamah', 'A Street in Manamah', and 'Municipal Garden, Manamah';
- Folio 16: 'A Small Pearling Dhow A term adopted by British officials to refer to local sailing vessels in the western Indian Ocean. ';
- Folio 21: 'New Customs House and Round-about', 'Government Shops', and 'Women's Dispensary';
- Folio 22: 'The Palace Manamah', 'Manamah Muharraq Sea Road', and 'The Road (From the Sea)';
- Folio 25: 'Manamah Boys' School', 'School Workshops', and 'A Village School';
- Folio 30: 'A road in Manamah' and 'Street in Muharraq';
- Folio 32: 'A Policeman' and 'Police on Parade';
- Folio 33: 'Buildings Constructed by Bahrain Government at Naval Base, Jufair [al-Jufayr]', 'Clerk in Charge's House', 'Canteen', and 'Officer's Building'.
Folio 17 is a graph entitled 'A decade of Customs Progress'. A note on the title page reads 'Property of H.B.M. Embassy Bahrain' (folio 2r) and the back cover includes a label that reads: 'Printed at the Dolphin Press, Brighton, England' (folio 43v).
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (43 folios)
- Arrangement
This file contains a page of contents (folio 3) which references pages of the report.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: Folios 1-43.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
Use and share this item
- Share this item
'Government of Bahrain Administrative Report for the Years 1926-1937' [27r] (53/86), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/1/750/1, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100024140826.0x000036> [accessed 25 April 2024]
https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100024140826.0x000036
Copy and paste the code below into your web page where you would like to embed the image.
<meta charset="utf-8"><a href="https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100024140826.0x000036">'Government of Bahrain Administrative Report for the Years 1926-1937' [‎27r] (53/86)</a> <a href="https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100024140826.0x000036"> <img src="https://iiif.qdl.qa/iiif/images/81055/vdc_100000000193.0x0002d7/IOR_R_15_1_750_0055.jp2/full/!280,240/0/default.jpg" alt="" /> </a>
This record has a IIIF manifest available as follows. If you have a compatible viewer you can drag the icon to load it.https://www.qdl.qa/en/iiif/81055/vdc_100000000193.0x0002d7/manifestOpen in Universal viewerOpen in Mirador viewerMore options for embedding images
Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/R/15/1/750/1
- Title
- 'Government of Bahrain Administrative Report for the Years 1926-1937'
- Pages
- front, front-i, 2r:42v, back-i, back
- Author
- Belgrave, Sir Charles Dalrymple
- Usage terms
- The copyright status is unknown. Please contact copyright@bl.uk with any information you have regarding this item.