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'Government of Bahrain Administrative Report for the Years 1926-1937' [27v] (54/86)
The record is made up of 1 volume (43 folios). It was created in 1937. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
32
which caused considerable resentment among the Shias, although at that time the proportion of
Shias at the Government schools was much lower than it is now. It more care had been given to
the selection of the candidates, this experiment would have been more successful. Ihe boys
remained at Beyrout for two years; a longer course would have been more useful to them but,
mainly owing to financial reasons, the Government decided not to extend their time.
Some years have now passed since these boys returned to Bahrain, and the result of their
education can now be seen. In my opinion, it was successful in the case of three of the boys,
moderately successful in the case of three, and a complete tailure in the case ot one boy. If the
boys had been younger when they left Bahrain, I believe that the experiment would have been
a complete success.
Education of the In 1925, Shaikh Hamad allowed two of his sons to go as boarders to the
Ruling Family. American Mission school in Basrah. They stayed there for one term
and did not return to school.
In 1930 a tutor was obtained from India to teach Shaikh Hamad's younger sons. He was
well recommended and highly qualified and had previously been in charge ot an Indian princeling.
Although the tutor worked hard under difficult conditions and did his best to teach his pupils, it
was soon apparent that his employment was a waste of his time and ot the Government s money.
The tutor lived in Shaikh Hamad's house, but the boys were disinclined to work and so did
nothing. It was impossible to bring any compulsion on them to do their lessons. The experiment
was a complete failure and, after completing one year, the tutor's agreement was not renewed.
Future Development There is danger in the creation of a class of semi-educated young men
of Education. in Bahrain who, because they have a little learning, regard themselves as
too superior to do manual work and who will become too many to find
employment of a clerical nature. The people, however, especially the Shias, are urgent in their
demands for increased education, and more schools, and in reply to this the Government intends
to open more small country schools in the villages. A knowledge of reading, writing, and simple
arithmetic is all that is needed by boys from the villages, most of whom will eventually become
divers, cultivators, and fishermen. In these occupations, school education is unnecessary, though
for divers and fishermen a knowledge of figures is some assurance against being swindled.
Boys who attend the town schools in Manamah and Muharraq are mostly sons of shopkeepers,
merchants, and pearl traders, and many of them enter their fathers' shops and offices, where they
benefit from a knowledge of accounts, book-keeping, and the more advanced education which
is given at the two big schools.
If the newly started technical classes are successful, the Government will develop this
experiment and, if possible, introduce more subjects which will provide lucrative employment for
trained boys when they leave school. It should be possible for boys who have learned carpentry,
etc., at school to secure employment with the Bahrain Petroleum Company in place of some of
the many foreign artisans who are now employed by the Company.
ELECTRIC DEPARTMENT
Original The possibility of introducing electricity in Manamah was first considered
Installation. over ten years ago, and for some time funds were set aside for the purpose;
it was not, however, till 1928 that any action was taken by the Government.
That year the services of Mr. Stevenson, electrical inspector in Sind, were obtained in an advisory
capacity and a scheme was prepared by him in Bahrain, together with plans for the layout and a
rough specification. Bahrain was then in a prosperous condition, and it was estimated that the
initial load would be not less than 2,000 lamps and 200 fans. The people in Manamah were anxious
to form a public company, but after consideration this suggestion was dropped, and eventually
it was decided that the scheme was to be undertaken by the Government and the Manamah
Municipality.
About this item
- Content
This volume is an administration report covering the years 1926 to 1937 (though in some subjects the report goes further back than 1926) and deals mainly with the activities of the Bahrain Government. It includes text, photographic images, graphs and tables. The report was based on annual reports of the financial and government departments which are made every year. A contents page can be found on folio 3, followed by a General Review by Charles Dalrymple Belgrave, dated December 1937 (folio 4).
The contents are divided into the following sections and sub-sections:
- Finance (folio 5): Revenue;
- The State Police and Public Security (folios 5v-10v): The Levy Corps, Political Disturbances, Attempt to assassinate the Shaikh, Indian Levy Corps, Crime and Prostitution, Drugs and Liquor, The State Jail, The Present Police Force, Administration and Routine, Changing Nature of Duties, Recent Innovations, Police Band, Camel Section, Shooting, Uniforms, Police Training in India, and The Naturs;
- Customs Department and Revenue (folios 10v-13v): Organisation and Establishment, Revenue (Customs Duty, Import Yard charges, Khanchieh, Porterage, Pier Fees, Landing Company, Mainland Cargo, Optional Cargo System, Transhipment Cargo), Transit Cargo, Export Dues, Boat-Building, Customs Improvements, Steamship Lines, and Future Improvements;
- Judicial (folios 13v-19v): Institution of Courts, The Bahrain Court (Criminal Cases, Civil Cases, Diving Cases, Land Cases, Fish-Trap Cases), The Bahrain Small Court, Shera [Sharia] Court (Sunni and Shia), The Mejlis Tajara [Majlis Tijārah] and Diving Court, Small Mixed Court, Laws and Codes, Police Regulations, and Judicial Legislation (Diving Regulations, Wakils Elected representative or attorney, acting in legal matters such as contracting marriage, inheritance, or business; a high-ranking legal official; could also refer to a custodian or administrator. , Mortgages, Appeals, Statute of Limitations, Liability of Government Servants);
- Public Works (folios 19v-23v): Roads, Buildings (Suk al-Khamis [Sūq al-Khamīs] Mosque, Idari Water Channel and Mosque, Manamah School and Workshop, Barracks, Police Station, New Customs House, Shops, Palace Wall, Law Courts, Bazaar Buildings, Jufair Naval Base, and Manamah-Muharraq Road;
- Land Registration (folios 23v-24v): Survey, Reports on Land Cases, Registration of Sales and Titles, Mortgages, Government Title Deeds, Fish-Traps, and Leases and Government Forms;
- Education (folios 24v-27v): Formation of an Education Committee, Muharraq School Built, Jaffarieh [al-Ja‘farīyah] School, Opening of a Girls' School, Appointment of a School Inspector, Strike of Students and Masters, Reforms in the Schools, Disappearance of School Committees, Amalgamation of Manamah Boys' Schools, Technical Education, Bahrain Boys at Beyrout University [American University of Beirut], Education of the Ruling Family, and Future Development of Education;
- Electric Department (folios 27v-29r): Original Installation, Muharraq Extension, Share of Municipalities, Progress, State Engineer, Progress, First Profitable Year, Future Prospects, Telephone System, and Summary of Seven Years' Working;
- Agriculture (folios 29r-31v): Land Tenure, Date Cultivation, Lucerne, Cereals, Cotton, Tobacco, Fruit Trees, and Vegetables.
- Wakf [Waqf] Administration (ff. 31v-35r): Nature of Wakfs, Shaikh Khalaf, Syed Adnan's Administration, Appointment of a Council, Previous attempts to organise Wakf Department, Progress of Administration and Elections, Results, Future Development, and Sunni Wakf Administration;
- Passport Department (folio 35r);
- Municipalities (folios 35r-38r): Constitution and History (Manamah and Muharraq), Municipal Finance, Municipal Taxation, Municipal Achievement, Roads, Manamah (Conservancy, Sanitation, Water Supply, Malaria, Fire Precautions, Markets and Food Regulations, Public Health Measures, Gardens, Cemeteries), and Muharraq Municipality;
- The Pearl-Diving Industry (folios 38r-40v): General, The Diving System, The Reforms, Demonstrations by Divers, The Slump, Diving Mortgages, Divers' Debts, Transfer of Divers, The Catch, and Recent Changes;
- Social and Political Developments (folios 41r-42v): Arabs and Baharna, The Baharna, The Townsfolk, Houses, Games, Class Changes, The Ruling Family, and The Women.
Photographic images appear on eleven folios, and they are labelled as follows:
- Folio 7: 'Sooq Al Khamis Mosque' and 'A Village Dispensary';
- Folio 11: 'An Artesian Well (Showing head of water)' and 'A Natural Spring (Adari [‘Adhārī])';
- Folio 14: 'Meat Market', 'Slaughter House', and 'Metal Vegetable Market (Under Construction)';
- Folio 15: 'Modern Village in Manamah', 'A Street in Manamah', and 'Municipal Garden, Manamah';
- Folio 16: 'A Small Pearling Dhow A term adopted by British officials to refer to local sailing vessels in the western Indian Ocean. ';
- Folio 21: 'New Customs House and Round-about', 'Government Shops', and 'Women's Dispensary';
- Folio 22: 'The Palace Manamah', 'Manamah Muharraq Sea Road', and 'The Road (From the Sea)';
- Folio 25: 'Manamah Boys' School', 'School Workshops', and 'A Village School';
- Folio 30: 'A road in Manamah' and 'Street in Muharraq';
- Folio 32: 'A Policeman' and 'Police on Parade';
- Folio 33: 'Buildings Constructed by Bahrain Government at Naval Base, Jufair [al-Jufayr]', 'Clerk in Charge's House', 'Canteen', and 'Officer's Building'.
Folio 17 is a graph entitled 'A decade of Customs Progress'. A note on the title page reads 'Property of H.B.M. Embassy Bahrain' (folio 2r) and the back cover includes a label that reads: 'Printed at the Dolphin Press, Brighton, England' (folio 43v).
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (43 folios)
- Arrangement
This file contains a page of contents (folio 3) which references pages of the report.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: Folios 1-43.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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- Reference
- IOR/R/15/1/750/1
- Title
- 'Government of Bahrain Administrative Report for the Years 1926-1937'
- Pages
- front, front-i, 2r:42v, back-i, back
- Author
- Belgrave, Sir Charles Dalrymple
- Usage terms
- The copyright status is unknown. Please contact copyright@bl.uk with any information you have regarding this item.