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'86/21 - II P.C.L. Exploration of Trucial Hinterland. B 51' [‎37r] (73/288)

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The record is made up of 1 file (142 folios). It was created in 18 May 1938-23 Dec 1938. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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BUS M?r ~ r-.nENCY.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, fto ICo^clcLL
| Care.. 'M/if'
.. ll
Department.
ccwf;de^T:.;l nucoriDS
EXPRESS LETTER (AIR MAIL),
[N.B .— This is an ORIGINAL message sent by AIR MAIL which provides a means of commuoieation more
expeditious than the ordinary mail and is cheaper than the telegraph. It it intended to be treaded,
on receipt, with the same expedition as if it had been telegraphed. To save lime and to obviate
formalities it is drafted in the form of a telegram. It is authenticated by the signature of a
responsible officer of the Department,]
No*
To
C/T/l*
TB&mhi' the 27th August
Camp Sharjaho
19 38
Reference your Express Letter NooC/577 of 24th August 1938
Reference
my
Subject:- P.C.L* Exploration in the Trucial Coast A name used by Britain from the nineteenth century to 1971 to refer to the present-day United Arab Emirates. *
c. L ■■■■
I am using the Survey of India Map of Arabia and the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
1916*
2* At the risk of repeating information already passed to
you, I will first summarize the position with regard to each of the
tribes concemed;-
(i) The Bani Kitab* Leader Shaikh Muhammad bin f Alie
i£Ti: Area Their influence extends from yhe Western Hajar (east of Jeb
Jebel Faiyah) to within 10 miles of Debai and 5 miles of Sharjah,
and southwards to the Baraimi oasis*
Power They are the most powerful of the desert tribes, and the Re
Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. Agent says that they could conduct the P.C*L* party
everywhere except into the territory of Abu Dhabi ( with which they
are not on good terms ) t provided that they paida sum of money to
each of the other tribes before entering territory which is the
M haram n of the fatter* The Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. Agent even says that it would
be sufficient if one man of the Beni Kitab were to accompany the
party* They can field about 20QQ{8dgaatfjifi^xt are a peaceful tribe.

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Content

The file comprises correspondence between the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (Trenchard Craven Fowle), the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. at Bahrain (Hugh Weightman), the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. at Muscat (Ralph Ponsonby Watts) and Petroleum Concessions Limited (Stephen Hemsley Longrigg) regarding arrangements for geologists from Petroleum Concessions Limited to undertake geological exploration at Jebel Faiyah [Jabal al Fāyah], Baraimi [Al Buraymī] and Jebel Hafit [Jabal Ḩafīt].

Possible routes of entry to the Baraimi Oasis through Sharjah, Muscat and Abu Dhabi are discussed along with the proposal to use two exploration parties which could meet up at the Oasis. One exploration party was sent from Muscat to Jebel Hafit and Baraimi with the assistance of the Sultan of Muscat (Sayyid Sa‘īd bin Taymūr Āl Bū Sa‘īd) and escorted by the Wali of Sohar (Mudhaffar Suliman). The other, escorted by a political officer John Baron Howes, hoped to travel through Beni Kitab [Beni Qitab] territory and visit Jebel Faiyah before going on to Baraimi, but ultimately had to travel there directly from Abu Dhabi with the assistance of the Wali of Al Ain (Ibrāhīm bin ʻUthmān).

The remainder of the volume discusses the various intrigues and difficulties encountered by the exploration parties in attempting to negotiate with the principal tribes at the Baraimi Oasis in order to gain access to their territory for exploration. The tribes involved include the Na’im [Na‘īm] (Shaikh Saqr bin Sulṭān), Al Bu Shamis [Āl Bū Shāmis] (Shaikh Muḥammad bin Raḥmāh bin Salmin), Beni Ka’ab [Banū Ka‘ab] and Abu Dhabi.

Contained within the volume are detailed letters and reports submitted by John Baron Howes, Assistant Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. at Bahrain, who had accompanied one of the exploration parties to Baraimi. The correspondence details the various negotiations to enable the parties to travel, incidents on route and day by day accounts of the exploration party’s work and their interactions with the various tribes there. Folios 131-141 comprise Howe’s official report of his special duty in connection with the PCL exploration party and includes two sketch maps, one of the geographical layout of the Baraimi Oasis and the other of the distribution of the various tribes around the Oasis. A detailed appendix lists every tribe residing at the Oasis and includes details of their leaders, strength of arms, where their main settlement was, and whether they were Ghafiri or Hinawari [Hinawi].

Also discussed are the lack of attempts made by the Shaikh of Sharjah to permit the geologists to visit Jebel Faiyah and subsequent attempts by Shaikh Khalid [Shaikh Khalid bin Aḥmad bin Sulṭān Āl Qasimī], Regent of Kalba to negotiate with Shaikh Muhammad bin Ali [Muḥammad bin ‘Īsá], Chief of the Beni Kitab to arrange for the PCL geologists to travel there. The negotiations were unsuccessful owing to the intrigues of various individuals on the Trucial coast A name used by Britain from the nineteenth century to 1971 to refer to the present-day United Arab Emirates. , which the British believed to be orchestrated by the Shaikh of Sharjah (Shaikh Sulṭān bin Saqr Āl Qasimī).

Other matters discussed in the volume include:

Extent and format
1 file (142 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the front to the rear of the file.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 2-143; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.

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English in Latin script
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'86/21 - II P.C.L. Exploration of Trucial Hinterland. B 51' [‎37r] (73/288), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/1/694, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100024507715.0x00004a> [accessed 28 March 2024]

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