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'File 12/1 [1 A/1 I] Persian Claims to Bahrain' [27r] (58/502)
The record is made up of 1 file (249 folios). It was created in 4 Nov 1933-21 Apr 1946. It was written in English, Farsi, French and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
Tehran was asked by the Government of India so to inform
the Persian Government. As, however, the Amin-us-buitan,
“on being questioned disavowed all designs on Bahrein, tier
Majesty’s Minister thought it better to avoid the reference to
forcible action.” . QQe
Warning to 2 urkey, looS.
113 In March 1888 the Turkish Government were
informed that any attempt to effect a landing in Bahrein
would be opposed by force, and that no claim by the Poite
to jurisdiction over Bahrein could be admitted, since Her
Majesty’s Government regarded the Sheikh as an independent
ruler with whom they were in treaty relations.
Second Exclusive Agreement between Her Majesty’s
Government and Bahrein (1892).
114. On the 13th March 1892 the
Political Resident
A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency.
signed a second Exclusive Agreement with the Sheikh ol
Bahrein on behalf of Her Majesty’s Government, 9 he
provisions of the Agreement (which was ratified on 12th
May 1892, and which was expressed to be binding on the
Sheikh, his heirs, and successors) were as follows
(1) “That I will on no account enter into any agreement ^» 80T1
or correspondence with any Power other than the y o |
British Government. _ No. xiii, 238.
(2) “ That without the assent of the British Government
I will not consent to the residence within my
territory of the agent of any other Government.
(3) “ That I will on no account cede, sell, mortgage or
otherwise give for occupation any part of my
territory, save to the British Government.
Further Warning to Turkey, November 1892.
115. In November 1892 the Ottoman Government were Const. Desp.
warned (apropos of the position of Bahreinis at Basra) that
Bahrein was under British protection, and that no interference
with its natives by the Ottoman authorities could be
admitted. In the same year the Porte was informed, with
reference to a rumoured intention to land Turkish troops,
that such action would be opposed by Her Majesty s ships.
Summary, 1880-92.
116. The Turkish claim was again pressed vigorously
during this period and was consistently rejected by Her
Majesty’s Government.
The Shah raised the question of the Persian claim in
1886, but did not press the matter.
In 1892 the Sheikh entered into his Second Exclusive
Agreement with Her Majesty’s Government.
XII.— 1892-1913. From the Second Exclusive Agreement to the
Anglo-Turkish Convention of 1913.
British repudiations of Turkish Claims, 1892-98.
117. In 1895 steps were taken at Constantinople by Her
Majesty’s Government to check an attempted invasion of
Bahrein from Qatar, which seemed not improbably to have Lor. I, 935.
been inspired by the Turks, and later in the same year Her
Majesty’s Government twice reiterated to the Porte that
Bahrein was under British protection and that no inter
ference with it would be tolerated. The views of Her
Majesty’s Government on the status of the island were again
officially repeated at Constantinople on two occasions in
1896. In 1897 the Constantinople Board of Health
proposed to establish a sanitary post in Bahrein. The
proposal was abandoned on the objections of the British
delegate, who represented that Bahrein was an independent
principality under British protection.
118. In 1898 a Turkish request that a British Vice-
Consul alleged to have been appointed at Bahrein should
About this item
- Content
This file contains correspondence between British officials (primarily from the Foreign Office and the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. ) concerning two interrelated topics; the Persian Government's claim to sovereignty over Bahrain and discussions over whether or not Bahrain should be considered part of the British Empire for the purposes of the Import Duties Act of 1932.
The file contains two memoranda concerning the history of Bahrain:
1) 'Historical Memorandum on Bahrein' written by J G Laithwaite of the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. , 1934 (ff 11-34); 2) 'The History of the Bahrein Islands' written by the Foreign Office Research Department, 1945 (ff 217-218).
A number of translations and cuttings of press articles related to the sovereignty of Bahrain (in Faris, Arabic, French and English) are contained in the file.
The file also contains letters in Arabic (with English translations) from the rulers of Qatar (f 155), Bahrain (f 157), Umm al-Quwain (f 165) and Abu Dhabi (f 169), sent to the British Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. in Bahrain in response to a letter informing them that their territories were to be granted 'imperial preference' as per the Import Duties Act, 1932 (f 154).
- Extent and format
- 1 file (249 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the front to the rear of the file.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 4-230; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superceeded and therefore crossed out.
- Written in
- English, Farsi, French and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script View the complete information for this record
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/R/15/2/484
- Title
- 'File 12/1 [1 A/1 I] Persian Claims to Bahrain'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:127v, 129r:129v, 131r:139v, 141r:154v, 156r:156v, 158r:164v, 166r:168v, 170r:204v, 206r:218v, 220r:248v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence