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'File 12/1 [1 A/1 I] Persian Claims to Bahrain' [27v] (59/502)
The record is made up of 1 file (249 folios). It was created in 4 Nov 1933-21 Apr 1946. It was written in English, Farsi, French and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
32
Lor. I, 935.
Lor. I, 935-
6 .
Teh. Desp.
No. 140 of
18.9.1901.
Lor. I, 938-
42.
Lor. I, 944.
apply to the Turkish Government for his exequatur was
refused on the ground that Her Majesty’s Government could
not admit the right of the Turkish Government to insist
that a British Consular Officer in Bahrein should be
provided with a Turkish exequatur. In 1899 the Minister
at Tehran informed the French representative at that capital
that since 1880 the Sheikh was precluded by treaty from
holding direct relations with any Power other than Her
Majesty’s Government and that his subjects abroad were
now under British protection.
119. A native British Agent had for a long period of
years been maintained in Bahrein. In 1900 a British
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
was appointed at Bahrein. The post has
been maintained since that date, and has been filled by an
officer of the Indian Political Department since 1904.
The Incident of 1901.
120. On 31st August 1901 a Belgian customs official in
the service of the Persian Government visited Bahrein,
where he called on the Sheikh and informed him that he
had been deputed by the Shah to obtain his consent to
place Persian custom officials in Bahrein. An official protest
was at once made by His Majesty’s Minister to the Persian
Government, in the course of which Sir A. Hardinge
remarked that no intimation had been given to the Political
Resident in the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
44 of this Persian mission to an
Arab State under British protection and bound by special
treaties, of which the Persian Government cannot be
ignorant, to the Government of India ... It is my duty
to place on record in the clearest maimer that His Majesty
the Emperor of India cannot acquiesce in any foreign
interference in the affairs of Bahrein . . . and that any
attempt to disturb the relations established by treaties of
long standing between those Chiefs and the Government of
India will be regarded as an unfriendly act.” The Attabeg-
i-Azam, in a note received on the 17th September 1901,
replied : “As I have told you verbally, M. Simais has had
no instructions from the Persian Government on this matter,
and if there have been any steps on his part it must have
been by mistake and he will be reprimanded for it.”
The Disorders of 1904-05.
121. In 1904-05, consequent on a series of attacks on
Persians and on German subjects in Bahrein, the Persians
appealed to the Shah. The Persian Government replied that
His Majesty’s Government would take action on their behalf.
The text of their telegram was as follows : “ To the Merchants
and Traders of the High Government living in Bahrein.
Your telegram on the subject of the assaults which have
been made upon you by the Arab roughs of Bahrein has
been received. Certainly let your minds be at rest. Con
sultations with the English Legation have taken place on
this subject, and it will shortly be settled in such a way that
the oppression will be removed and that the offeuders will
receive their proper punishment.”
122 . The Germans complained to the German Vice-
Consul at Bushire, who made a direct request to the Sheikh
for reparation, in reply to which he was referred by His
Excellency to His Majesty’s Government. The Sheikh was
ultimately compelled by llis Majesty’s Government to give
redress.
Turkish Protest, 1904-05.
123. On the Turks pressing in 1904-05 for an explanation
of the action taken by I l is Majesty’s Government in connection
About this item
- Content
This file contains correspondence between British officials (primarily from the Foreign Office and the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. ) concerning two interrelated topics; the Persian Government's claim to sovereignty over Bahrain and discussions over whether or not Bahrain should be considered part of the British Empire for the purposes of the Import Duties Act of 1932.
The file contains two memoranda concerning the history of Bahrain:
1) 'Historical Memorandum on Bahrein' written by J G Laithwaite of the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. , 1934 (ff 11-34); 2) 'The History of the Bahrein Islands' written by the Foreign Office Research Department, 1945 (ff 217-218).
A number of translations and cuttings of press articles related to the sovereignty of Bahrain (in Faris, Arabic, French and English) are contained in the file.
The file also contains letters in Arabic (with English translations) from the rulers of Qatar (f 155), Bahrain (f 157), Umm al-Quwain (f 165) and Abu Dhabi (f 169), sent to the British Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. in Bahrain in response to a letter informing them that their territories were to be granted 'imperial preference' as per the Import Duties Act, 1932 (f 154).
- Extent and format
- 1 file (249 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the front to the rear of the file.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 4-230; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superceeded and therefore crossed out.
- Written in
- English, Farsi, French and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script View the complete information for this record
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- Reference
- IOR/R/15/2/484
- Title
- 'File 12/1 [1 A/1 I] Persian Claims to Bahrain'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:127v, 129r:129v, 131r:139v, 141r:154v, 156r:156v, 158r:164v, 166r:168v, 170r:204v, 206r:218v, 220r:248v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence