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'File 12/1 [1 A/1 I] Persian Claims to Bahrain' [32v] (69/502)
The record is made up of 1 file (249 folios). It was created in 4 Nov 1933-21 Apr 1946. It was written in English, Farsi, French and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
42
never intended to bear the interpretation now placed upon
it by the Persian Government (cp. in this connection para
graphs 102 and 110 above), and in stating that due
consideration had been given in the past by Her Majesty s
Government to the Persian claim it did not in any way
admit that that claim was valid. The Note, indeed, con
firmed the intention of the British Government to continue
to hold the Sheikhs to the treaty engagements which had
been entered into with them as independent rulers.
(b) The undertaking given by Her Majesty’s Government
in the same correspondence to communicate in future with
Persia before undertaking punitive action against the rulers
of ’Bahrein is prima facie consistent with a recognition
by Her Majesty’s Government of Persian claims to that
island. But it appears, however, in fact to have been
no more than a courteous indication by His Majesty’s
Government of their desire to pay the fullest possible
attention to any Persian claims. It will be observed that the
first (and apparently the only) communication made to the
Persian Government in discharge of this understanding,
intimated to that Government the intention of Her Majesty’s
Government to proceed at once against the “ Chief now in
possession of Bahrein ” consequent on his breach of the
maritime peace and his attack on the Sheikh who had been
placed in power at Bahrein by the British Government.
(9) Closeness of Relations at the present Day between
Persia and Bahrein.
The Sheikhs of Bahrein are strongly opposed to any
recognition of Persian suzerainty (cp. paragraph 139). The
Persian suggestion that relations are at the present time
closer between Persia and Bahrein than between Bahrein
and any other independent civilised State is without founda
tion. Relations are at least equally close with Saudi Arabia,
and the closest relations are maintained in addition with
Great Britain and with British India.
The Terms of the Treaties of 1809, 1814 and 1857
between the British Covernment and Persia.
148. In addition to the nine arguments examined above,
Persia has on more than one occasion appealed to the
provisions of her treaties of 1809, 1814 and 1857 with the
British Government in connection with her claim to
Bahrein. Her appeal is based substantially on the fact that
those treaties provide in certain circumstances for the
evacuation of Persian territory occupied by British troops.
The relevant passages of the treaties are as follows :—
Aitch. XIII, (i) By the preliminary Treaty of 1809 between His
No. v, 53. Majesty’s Government and Persia, the Persian Government
undertook not to “ permit any European force whatever to
pass through Persia either towards India or towards the
ports of that country ” ; while His Majesty’s Government
undertook “ in case any European forces have invaded or
shall invade the territories of His Majesty the King of
Persia ” to “ afford to His Majesty the King of Persia a force,
or in lieu of it a subsidy, with warlike ammunition . .
and officers. ...”
Article 5 of the same treaty provided : “ If a detachment
of British troops has arrived from India in the Gulf of Persia
and, by the consent of His Persian Majesty, landed on the
island of Karak or any of the Persian ports, they shall not in
any manner possess themselves of such places, and from the
date of these preliminary articles the said detachment shall
About this item
- Content
This file contains correspondence between British officials (primarily from the Foreign Office and the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. ) concerning two interrelated topics; the Persian Government's claim to sovereignty over Bahrain and discussions over whether or not Bahrain should be considered part of the British Empire for the purposes of the Import Duties Act of 1932.
The file contains two memoranda concerning the history of Bahrain:
1) 'Historical Memorandum on Bahrein' written by J G Laithwaite of the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. , 1934 (ff 11-34); 2) 'The History of the Bahrein Islands' written by the Foreign Office Research Department, 1945 (ff 217-218).
A number of translations and cuttings of press articles related to the sovereignty of Bahrain (in Faris, Arabic, French and English) are contained in the file.
The file also contains letters in Arabic (with English translations) from the rulers of Qatar (f 155), Bahrain (f 157), Umm al-Quwain (f 165) and Abu Dhabi (f 169), sent to the British Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. in Bahrain in response to a letter informing them that their territories were to be granted 'imperial preference' as per the Import Duties Act, 1932 (f 154).
- Extent and format
- 1 file (249 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the front to the rear of the file.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 4-230; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superceeded and therefore crossed out.
- Written in
- English, Farsi, French and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script View the complete information for this record
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'File 12/1 [1 A/1 I] Persian Claims to Bahrain' [32v] (69/502), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/2/484, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100025822337.0x000046> [accessed 19 April 2024]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/R/15/2/484
- Title
- 'File 12/1 [1 A/1 I] Persian Claims to Bahrain'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:127v, 129r:129v, 131r:139v, 141r:154v, 156r:156v, 158r:164v, 166r:168v, 170r:204v, 206r:218v, 220r:248v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence