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'The Russians in Akhal' [41r] (33/68)
The record is made up of 1 file (34 folios). It was created in Mar 1882. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
1881 .
Abstract, No. XLIL, September 1881.
* 10th (20th) December.
Abstract, No. V,, February 1882.
Abstracts, Nos. VIII. and XIV., February
1882.
On a War Office map recently compiled,
the green Russian line is traced to Sarakhs.
Annex to letters from Persia, Nos. 2 and 15,
1882.
I am informed, on good Russian authority,
that the group of General and other Staff
officers, standing at the extreme eastern point
of the frontier agreed upon between Russia
and Persia, clearly discerned Sarakhs.
Liciitenant-Gciieml Rehrberg was appointed
Military Governor of the new region, with Colonel
Baron Aminof as chief of his staff, and Colonel
Heintz as chief of the artillery.
Askhabad was made the centre of the Russian
administration.
. trans-Caspian region has been divided into
districts as follows :—
1. Geok-Tepe, including the extent of country
from Bami to Askhabad; chief town
Askhabad.
2. Attrek, from Chikishlar to Bami; with Duz-
Olum as the chief town.
3. Krasnovodsk, composed of the prefectures of
Krasnovodsk and Mangyshlak, extending
in one direction to Alexandrofsk, and in the
other to Bami; chief town, Krasnovodsk.
In the month of December 1881,* Mr. Zinovief,
the Russian Minister at Teheran, and Mirza* Said-
Khan, the Persian Minister for Foreign Affairs,
signed a convention defining the Russo-Persian
frontier.
According to the Russian official Gazette, this
frontier runs up the Attrek to Chat, and from that
point in a North-Easterly direction along the crests
of the mountains and up the course of the Sumbar
affluent of the Attrek. “ On reaching the valley
“ of the Baba-Durmaz stream, the frontier passes
“ to the North, intersecting the road leading from
“ Gawars to Lufti-Abad.”
Thus the extreme Eastern point of the Russian
frontier is shown to be between 140 and 145 miles
distant from Sarakhs.
The Russian official Gazette explains further
that Russia has contented herself with the retention
of the Akhal oasis, and with the slopes of the
mountains which screen that oasis on the South, so
that from the Sumbar river the frontier trends
mainly along the crests of the mountains, leaving
the Firuze district to Persia.
t Gotos, Abstract, No. V., February 1882. According to one Russian versionf a portion of
the country conterminous with the above line of
frontier, ,viz., the Atak region, is by virtue of the
above convention, left to Persia only for five years,
during which period the Persian Government have
undertaken to levy no taxes in the above region.
About this item
- Content
The memorandum is divided into four parts. The first part (folios 26-41) outlines Russian activities and aims in the Trans-Caspian region from 1716-1880; it narrates the extension of Russian influence over the Turcoman [Turkmen] tribes in the region to their eventual absorption into the Russian Empire to form part of Transcaspia. As a result it includes information concerning Russian military expeditions and various efforts made by them to coerce the Turcomen tribes into becoming Russian subjects, and some of the Turcoman efforts to resist. More especially it includes details on the establishment of a Russian naval base at Ashurada and the Russian occupation of Krasnovodsk [Turkmenbashi].
The second part (folios 42-48) concerns attempts by the Turcoman tribes to seek the protection of either Afghanistan or Persia. It includes a translation of a document (folios 44v-47) sent by Adul Hassan Khan, Governor of Kuchan, to Rukn-ud-dowla, Governor of Khorassa, which concerns the submission of the Teke tribes of Atamish and Tokhtamest to Persia; a Russian take on the situation claiming that the tribes rejected the Persian offer is included alongside. The terms of an agreement between the Shah of Persia and the Merv [Mary] Teke — in which the latter become Persian subjects — is located on folios 47v-48.
The third part (folios 49-52) focuses on the attempts by the Amir of Afghanistan, Shrere-Ali-Khan [Sher Ali Khan], to seek British protection against Russian aggression; the Amir is concerned that a Russian advance on the Merv would be a prelude to an attack on Afghanistan, or that the Russians may pursue any retreating Turcoman into Afghanistan.
The fourth and final part (folios 53-58) outlines Persia's efforts to secure its northern frontier against Russian encroachment, and the interventions that the British have made to assist with this resistance. It also discusses diplomatic exchanges to affect a joint Anglo-Russian agreement to maintain the integrity of Persia.
- Extent and format
- 1 file (34 folios)
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at f 25, and terminates at f 58, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. Pagination: the item also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/18/C78
- Title
- 'The Russians in Akhal'
- Pages
- 25r:26r, 27r, 28r:30r, 33r, 36r:36v, 37v, 38v, 41r:43v, 47v:53r, 54v, 55v:58v
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence