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'File 1/A/38 I Negotiations with Bin Saud re:- Eastern boundary of Saudi Arabia with Qatar & Trucial Oman.' [‎37r] (78/452)

The record is made up of 1 volume (219 folios). It was created in 27 Oct 1934-24 Feb 1935. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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THIS DOCUMENT IS THE PROPERTY OF HIS BRITANNIC MAJESTY’S GOVERNMENT
EASTERN (Arabia).
July 30, 1934.
CONFIDENTIAL.
Section 2.
[E 5064/2429/25]
No. 1.
Memorandum respecting Anglo-Saudi Relations, as seen by Sir A. Ryan in
July 1934.
IN my despatch No. 233 of the 20th June, 1931, I discussed Ibn Saud’s
attitude in regard to his relations with His Majesty’s Government in the United
Kingdom, in the light of long conversations which I had had with Fuad Bey
Hamza and the King himself. At that time he sought a rapprochement with
His Majesty’s Government. He was obsessed by suspicion of the Hashimite
rulers and one of his objects was the impossible one of ousting them from the
position of special favour accorded to them by His Majesty’s Government.
2. When I returned to England in February 1932 in the special circum
stances of the Bakhit slavery case, I attempted to review generally, but
systematically, the position as between Ibn Saud and His Majesty’s Government
in a memorandum submitted at home on the 23rd February, 1932. Many of the
statements and conclusions in that memorandum now call for revision, not so
much, I think, because they were erroneous at the time (except in one particular,
to which I will revert), as because of many changes in the situation in Arabia
since it was written. In one respect, however, the position is similar to that of
June 1931. Ibn Saud still sees in His Majesty’s Government the most important
foreign factor in the world about him and he again seeks a rapprochement in a
spirit of anxious misgiving. I again attempt a general review in the light of
my recent conversations with Fuad Bey Hamza and then with the King at Taif,
which I am recording separately.
3. I cannot do better than use the same structure as in my memorandum
of the 23rd February, 1932, with which I hope that this paper may be compared.
(A) Position as regards Various Questions of Interest to His Majesty's
Government.
4. In my memorandum of the 23rd February, 1932, I enumerated these
questions under twelve heads as follows :—
(1) Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan frontier question.
(2) Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. questions.
(3) Arabian air route.
(4) Shell benzine.
(5) Other money matters.
(6) Pilgrimage.
(7) Slavery.
(8) Deportation of British subjects and protected persons.
(9) Aqaba and Maan.
(10) Hejaz Railway.
(11) Naval visits.
(12) Treatment of foreign representatives in Jedda.
5. Subject to important modifications, the above list of headings still covers
all outstanding matters of sufficient importance to affect, or to be capable of
affecting, the general relations between His* Majesty’s Government and Ibn Saud.
The present position in regard to each may be briefly and roughly summed up
as follows : —
(1) Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan Frontier.
This has ceased to create any serious difficulty since the conclusion of the
Saudi Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan Treaty of July 1933. The attitude of the Saudi authorities
still gives rise to some local complaint, but there has been no renewal of
[156 gg—2]
B

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Content

The volume concerns the Eastern boundary of Saudi Arabia with Qatar and Trucial Oman A name used by Britain from the nineteenth century to 1971 to refer to the present-day United Arab Emirates. (also referred to as the Trucial Coast A name used by Britain from the nineteenth century to 1971 to refer to the present-day United Arab Emirates. ), and negotiations over the boundary between British officials and Ibn Saud (referred to also as Bin Saud) [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd, King of Saudi Arabia].

The volume contains reports and correspondence, principally from the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; HM Minister, Jedda [Jeddah] (Sir Andrew Ryan); other Foreign Office officials; the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Bahrain; Bertram Sydney Thomas; and officials of the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. .

The papers include: extracts prepared by the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. , for the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. , from a report by Bertram Thomas on the Trans-Oman air route reconnaissance of May-June 1927 (folios 8-21); papers on Anglo-Saudi relations and records of negotiations between HM Minister, Jeddah and the Deputy Saudi Arabian Minister for Foreign Affairs (Fuad Bey Hamza [Fu’ād Ḥamzah]), July-October 1934 (folios 37-60); further papers concerning Anglo-Saudi negotiations; papers prepared by the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. (Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven William Fowle) concerning Ibn Saud and the Yemen campaign, November 1934 (folios 74-77); a letter from the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Muscat (Major Claude Edward Urquhart Bremner), dated 23 October 1934, concerning the boundaries of Muscat Sultanate (folios 78-80); a Foreign Office note dated 19 December 1934 entitled 'South-Eastern Arabian frontier and United States Oil Concessions' (folios 122-124); papers relating to the Blue Line [a line drawn by British and Turkish officials in 1913 from the Gulf of Uqair to parallel 20 degrees North, in the Rub al-Khali]; and papers concerning tribal affairs (e.g. report by the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Bahrain (Lieutenant-Colonel Percy Gordon Loch) entitled 'Tribal situation in the Hinterland of the Trucial Coast A name used by Britain from the nineteenth century to 1971 to refer to the present-day United Arab Emirates. ', folios 140-146).

The date range gives the covering dates of the correspondence; the earliest document is an enclosure on folios 8-21 containing extracts from Bertram Thomas's report on the Trans-Oman air route reconnaissance of May-June 1927, and the last dated addition to the file is an entry in the notes dated 25 February 1935.

Extent and format
1 volume (219 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are filed in chronological order from the front to the back of the file, except where enclosures of an earlier date are filed after their relevant covering letter, and terminate in a set of notes (folios 211-216).

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 221; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 6-216; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in same position as the main sequence.

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English in Latin script
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'File 1/A/38 I Negotiations with Bin Saud re:- Eastern boundary of Saudi Arabia with Qatar & Trucial Oman.' [‎37r] (78/452), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/2/157, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100026566622.0x00004f> [accessed 19 April 2024]

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