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File 57/1905 ‘Arabia: - Situation in Yemen (1905-11). Arab revolt against Turks. Imam of Sanaa’s letter to the King. Fighting in Yemen 1911. Agreement between the Turks & the Imam’ [‎135v] (275/692)

The record is made up of 1 volume (342 folios). It was created in 1905-1912. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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to shoulder to serve the Empire, are seen to be seditious and treacherous m all their
actions. In spite of the benefits they have received, they are ungrateful and are the
instruments for the destruction of the Empire.
Since becoming Khedive, Abbas Hilmi Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. has never ceased striving to break off
relations with the Government to which he is subject and to cast off his allegiance.
is being drawn into this path by a foreign hand, the object being to establish an Arab
Sultanate In the old regime there were many who had prepared the way for this, but
the new order of things is not favourable for the execution of such schemes. The
possibility of the separation of Egypt and other Arab countries near it, such as Hedjaz,
from Turkey should not be forgotten. To accomplish this the Khedive uses his position
rather than force. He has lately sent his cousin, Aziz Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. Husm (? Hassan), to the
desert Arabs, and a person named Abdul Rahmi-al-KaA akibi to Mecca. ^ He lias also
sent special officials to Aden, Yemen, and Irak, and at English instigation he has also
dispatched men to Tripoli, in Africa, with regard to the extension of the railway.
Seeing the glory of the Caliphate established by the constitution, the Khedive
thought to gain the object on which he had spent so much money by going to Mecca on
the pretence of making the pilgrimage. He had conversations with the Arab chiefs and
prolonged his journey to Syria and Palestine.
The Arab Caliphate and the Sultanate of Egypt will stretch from the deserts of
Aleppo to Tehame and Yemanffi on the north, and from the Persian frontier to Irak, from
Oman to Tripoli, in Africa, on the south, and will be under the protection of England,
who rules over the larger part of the Moslem population of the world. With this object
in view, the Khedive recently sent his brother, Mehmed Ali Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. , on a secret mission
to Damascus, Aleppo, and Beirout. In a speech he made to the Arab notables, he said
how glad he was to visit Damascus and the surrounding country which his ancestors
made into a paradise. This speech was published in No. 6398 of the Arabic newspaper
“ A1 Mukattam.”
The Khedive passes his time and is in relations with the reactionary Izzet Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders.
and his satellites. These traitors to their religion and their country are made use of for
the foimiation of the Khedive’s Arab Caliphate, and the newspaper U A1 Moayyad,
published in Egypt, has been chosen to propagate their views.
The Ka’aba (sacred tomb at Mecca) is thus menaced by England through the
formation of an Arab-Egyptian Empire.
Enclosure 3 in No. 1.
Translation of a Letter in Arabic, dated 28 Rebi-ul-ewel, 1328 (April 9, 1910), from
Seyyid Mahmoudr-bin-Mohammed-al-Harazi, one of the Seyyids and Shereefs of
Sanaa, in the Yemen, to the Grand Vizierate.
THE chief cause of the dissatisfaction in the Yemen is the fact that the salaries
and pay, which have long been paid to the seyyids and shereefs of the Yemen by the
Yemen imams, have not been given by the Ottoman Government. These heart-broken
shereefs and seyyids are of the greatest assistance to the imam. From a letter I have
received I learn that Imam Yahya is desirous of showing his loyalty and stretching
out the hand of friendship to the Government, but that he is vexed because the
Government does not favour his present demands. All the Government officials in
the Yemen are scoundrels and oppressors. They understand no service but that which
promotes their personal advantage. In order to conceal their wickedness, these officials
say that the country is in perfect order ; but that is a lie, and is just to deceive the
Government. If there is perfect order in the Yemen, why does the Government send
£ T. 40,000 there every month ? Let the rulers of the Empire open their eyes, for
the efforts and intrigues of England are many. The people are poor; they are
oppressed by want; they are ready to break out into riot and rebellion. The power
and influence of Seyyid Idris increase daily, and it is confidently expected that he will
surpass the imam. His men travel about in the Hedjaz and in Mesopotamia, and he is
in constant communication with Egypt. It is certainly England who is helping and
serving him materially and morally with a strong hand. To repair this grave and
disastrous situation the Government needs men rather than money ; for the Govern
ment money is not spent on the country and on the progress and prosperity of the
people by the vile hands of the officials, who are devoted to their greedy personal
interests, and no good results. If things go on like this, the Yemen will break off
completely from the Empire, and Irak and the Hedjaz will follow at once. I would call

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Content

The volume contains letters and other papers, mainly by British Consular officials, reporting on the political situation in Yemen between 1905 and 1911. Their correspondence contains numerous military reports about Turkish troop and transport movements, the progress of the conflict between Turkish and Arab forces, and the state of the country and inhabitants of Yemen Vilayet, particularly the capital Sana’a, the Red Sea port town of Hodeida, and Asir in Saudi Arabia. Their diplomatic reports discuss the following topics: the response to be made to the appeal by the Imam of Yemen (also referred to as the Imam of Sana’a, Sanaa or Sana) to the King Emperor (Edward VIII), asking him to intercede with the Sultan of Turkey about the oppression of Turkish officials in Yemen; the letter from Mohammed Johia Hamid-ed-Din, father of the Imam of Yemen to Mohamed Effendi-el-Hariri, Mufti of Hamoh, describing the Arab revolt in Yemen against Turkish rule; the Commission sent by the Grand Shereef of Mecca to the Imam of Yemen with the object of ending the military conflict in Yemen between Turkish troops and the Arab forces of the Imam of Yemen; the letters of friendship from the Imam of Yemen to the Sultan of Lahej (also referred to as the Abdali Sultan) and the interview between the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. for Aden with a representative of the Imam of Yemen sent to propose an alliance with the British Government; the special Turkish Commission sent to Yemen by the Sublime Porte, to negotiate a peace settlement with the Imam of Yemen and the Sheikhs of the Arab tribes; the ratification of the agreement between the Turkish Commander Izzet Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. and the Imam of Yemen.

Extent and format
1 volume (342 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume. The subject 57 (Yemen situation 1905-11) consists of one volume.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 344; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore been crossed out.

Written in
English and French in Latin script
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File 57/1905 ‘Arabia: - Situation in Yemen (1905-11). Arab revolt against Turks. Imam of Sanaa’s letter to the King. Fighting in Yemen 1911. Agreement between the Turks & the Imam’ [‎135v] (275/692), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/68, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100026613142.0x00004c> [accessed 28 March 2024]

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