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File 37/1905 Pt 4 'Aden Frontier Delimitation' [44r] (94/1197)
The record is made up of 1 file (596 folios). It was created in 1904. It was written in English, Arabic and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
M+,
37
by the British as part of the dependencies of Aden. There is no record at Aden
of any such claim having been made, and the French Company bought their rio-ht
to occupy Sheikh Said, or a part of it, from the Hakmi Arabs, who are the local
tribe. But the Hakmi were then subject to the Atih (that is to say, they paid
them dues) though they have since become independent of them, and the
the Hakmi endeavoured to obtain the consent of his overlords the
1 Atlfi Sheikhs, to the transaction. The latter, however, refused to recognise it in
any way and even sent back a sum of 550 dollars offered them by the
1 rench. This was not, as it happened, a matter of much consequence, because
the Turks, having decided to re-establish themselves in South-Western A™hia
got r,d of the French at Sheikh Said as a preliminary measure. One momin-
m December 1870 or January 1871 a Turkish man-of-war, with troons on
board, dropped anchor off Sheikh Said, and a party from her hauled down the
French flag, which the Company’s employes had hoisted. The French Govern
ment were not then in a position to protest effectually, even if thev had anv
real grounds for doing so, and the incident passed off quietly. 7 y
., 158 - T1| e Turks established themselves in South-Western Arabia and it is
said that they called to account the Hakmi Sheikh, Ali Thabit, for sell’ino' a part
of his country to the French; but they did not apparently say anythin! to the
Sheikhs of the Atih, who claimed suzerainty over all this part of the country
and who, as belonging to the great Subaihi tribe, are under British protection
In course of time the Turks built a fort and barracks at Sheikh Said the latter
being on the Tnrba ridge. These works were not completed till about 1888
Ihe normal garrison is two companies of infantry and some artillerymen.
In 1893 the Trench Colonial party endeavoured to induce the Eenuhli
can Government to lay claim to Sheikh Said on the strength of the mirohn*!
of the place from Sheikh Ali Thabit in 1869, and the British Foreign Offieo
directed our Ambassador at Constantinople to make enquiries from the Porte
The Porte replied that no action whatever had been taken by the Trench
Embassy in the direction indicated; and it was further stated that Sheikh Said
was an integral part of the Ottoman Empire, and that the cession said to have
been made by a local authority was not, and could not be, recognized.
. a private individual, representing a Trench mercantile firm en
quired from the Embassy at Paris if Sheikh Said was occupied bv British
troops. The Ambassador referred to the Eoreign Office, and the Marquis of
Salisbury, with the concurrence of Lord George Hamilton, replied that there
no truth m the report of the occupation of Sheikh Said by a British force nmi
hat Her Majesty’s Government considered it to be Turkish tSory Since
then there has been nothing to attract attention to Sheikh Said until
present demarcation. 9
159 ; Pf boundary recommended by the British Commissioners runs to
tpe coast at the end of a low range, about a mile east of the Turba hill nnrl
hamlet, which would thus be left in Turkish possession. It has since been sug
gested that the line should end at Jebel Murad which is closer to Turba. °
160. At the time of writing (12th June 1904) the Boundary Commission
me e nf Th at tTV P d * — P ° rt T of , the frontier its final settle-
The Turkish Commissioners have, however, agreed to the line proposed
by the British Commission as regards-the
Wadi
A seasonal or intermittent watercourse, or the valley in which it flows.
Sbab (paragraph 1481 P the
possession of which by the Subaibis without liability to Msh P interference
should be thereby assured. There are therefore no places remaining in dispute
from the Sana river to a point which is seven miles north-west of the tower of
Mijza (paragraph 153) and near to Madariba. An early agreement as to
the Subaihi boundary from that point to within a few miles of the coast is
the'settWn’ TVh the i il ] e P r0 P° sed is accepted by His Majesty’s Government,
the settlement of the whole boundary, except the north-east portion, will have
become an accomplished fact. 1 ’ ave
Dated 12th June 1904.
con 1049—10
P. J. MAITLAND, Major-General,
Bcsident at Aden.
A
v 1
Mt
About this item
- Content
This file contains correspondence and documents related to the work of the Aden Boundary Commission, the British Government body tasked with the delineation of the borders of the British Protectorate of Aden. Much of the correspondence in the file relates specifically to the Subaihi border region.
The file contains a number of letters from Colonel Robert Alexander Wahab, the Commissioner of the Aden Boundary Commission, sent to the Political and Secret Department of the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. in London (and the British Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. in Aden). The file also contains extracts from Wahab's diary related to his work on the commission.
The file contains a detailed report on the demarcation of the frontier entitled: 'Report on the Demarcation of the Frontier between the Tribes in the Protectorate of Aden and the Turkish Province of Yemen; by Major-General P. J. Maitland, C.B., Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. at Aden' (folios 25-44).
The file contains a number of maps as follows:
- a printed map of the Sheikh Sa'id Peninsula (folio 94);
- a printed map of the border region of the British protectorate of Aden (folio 112);
- a printed map entitled 'Map of Haushabi and Subaihi Border' with list of place names in English and Arabic (folio 237);
- a printed map of the Sheikh Sa'id Peninsula (folio 239);
- a hand-drawn entitled 'Map Illustrating Southern Subaihi Frontier Proposals Referred to in Sir N O'Conor's Telegram No. 112' (folio 288);
- a printed sketch-map entitled 'Aden Boundary Commission Survey Sketch Accompanying No. 19 of 15th March 1904' (folio 291);
- a printed sketch entitled 'Aden Boundary Commission Survey Sketch Accompanying No. 21 of 15th March 1904' (folio 456);
- a printed map entitled 'Aden Frontier Survey, Subaihi Boundary in Wadi A seasonal or intermittent watercourse, or the valley in which it flows. Ma'din' (folio 457).
The file also contains correspondence related to French claims of ownership over Sheikh Said (Cheikh Said), a peninsula near the island of Perim on the Mandeb Strait at the entrance to the Red Sea. The file contains original copies of articles on this topic that were printed in the French newspaper La Dépêche Coloniale in September and October 1904 .
The majority of the correspondence in the file is in English, but also enclosed is a limited amount of correspondence from the Ottoman Ambassador in London that is in French.
The volume includes a divider which gives the year that the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in it arranged by year. This divider is placed at the front of the volume.
- Extent and format
- 1 file (596 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.
The Subject 37 (Aden) contains 5 files, IOR/L/PS/10/63-67.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation commences at the inside front cover and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
- Written in
- English, Arabic and French in Latin and Arabic script View the complete information for this record
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File 37/1905 Pt 4 'Aden Frontier Delimitation' [44r] (94/1197), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/66, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100027010726.0x00005f> [accessed 23 April 2024]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/10/66
- Title
- File 37/1905 Pt 4 'Aden Frontier Delimitation'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 1r:9v, 11r:50v, 50ar:50av, 51r:70v, 74r:93v, 95r:99v, 101r:111v, 113r:154v, 157r:235r, 236r, 235v, 238r:238v, 240r:287v, 289r:289v, 292r:336v, 338r:455r, 458r:458v, 455v, 459r:595v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence