'Historical Memorandum on the Relations of the Wahabi Amirs and Ibn Saud with Eastern Arabia and the British Government, 1800-1934' [‎6r] (11/64)

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of the Jowasimis, and less so in that of Abu Dhabi. Up to 1814 thej^ bore heavily
on the Sultan of Muscat, who, however, retained his independence, although he
paid through much of the period a tribute to the Wahabi Amir. Relations with
the British Government, as represented by the Government of India and the
Government of Bombay From c. 1668-1858, the East India Company’s administration in the city of Bombay [Mumbai] and western India. From 1858-1947, a subdivision of the British Raj. It was responsible for British relations with the Gulf and Red Sea regions. , were polite and even friendly ; but the Indian authorities,
while avoiding any cause of quarrel with the Wahabis and closing their eyes to the
responsibility of the Wahabis for the piracies of the Jowasimis, declined also to
involve themselves in any engagements with the Amirs. Between 1814 and 1818
the power of the Wahabis, who lost the Hejaz between 1810 and 1815, was
completely destroyed by the Egyptian forces of Mehemet Ali, and, save to the
extent that it survived as a purely religious movement, Wahabism temporarily
entirely disappeared.
1818-1824.
From the Egyptian Conquest of the Wahabis to the Rise of Amir Turki.
34. In 1819-20 the Government of India effectively subdued the pirates of the
Trucial Coast A name used by Britain from the nineteenth century to 1971 to refer to the present-day United Arab Emirates. , destroyed their forts, and burnt their warships. The Sheikhs in Aitch. XII,
May 1820 entered into a general treaty with H.M. Government to preserve the No. xix,
maritime peace, H.M. Government on their side undertaking certain reciprocal PP- 245 ~ 9 -
obligations of protection by sea. The treaties were concluded with the Trucial
Sheikhs as independent rulers. In November 1820 H.M. Government took steps
to subdue the Beni bu Ali of Jaalan in Muscat, who had been converted to
Wahabism by the Wahabi expedition of 1813.
Situation in Trucial Oman A name used by Britain from the nineteenth century to 1971 to refer to the present-day United Arab Emirates. in 1822-1823.
35. In 1822, Abu Dhabi, now in control also of Debai, is stated to have been the
firm ally of Muscat. The Jowasimi Sheikhdom of Shargah was peopled by strict
Mohammedans, partly Sunni, partly Wahabi ; Umm al Qaiwain was strictly Wahabi, Bo Sel
as was for the most part the Sheikhdom of Ajman. In 1823 the Jowasimi Sheikha XXIV, 315,
(as distinct from the Beni Yas of Abu Dhabi and Debai) all appear to have 541-3.
acknowledged the general authority of Shargah. While, however, “ in 1823 a
large proportion of the people were still Wahabi in sympathy ... of the secular Lor. I, 687.
power of the Wahabi Amir there was no longer a trace to be found in the country.”
Appointment of British Agent at Shargah, 1823.
36. In 1823 a Native Agent Non-British agents affiliated with the British Government. of the British Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. at Bushire was appointed Lor. I, 678.
at Shargah. The post has been maintained since that date.
1824-1840.
From the Revival of the Wahabi Power to its Second Overthrow by Egypt.
Amir Turki bin Abdulla, 1824-1834.
Am.ir Faisal bin Turki (first reign), 1834-1838.
37. In 1824 Sheikh Turki bin Abdulla, a descendant of the first Wahabi Amir,
collected a force and marched against the Egyptians. At first defeated, he was Bo. Set.
subsequently successful. Between 1824 and 1830 he endeavoured to re-establish ^XIY 437.
the Wahabi power. In 1830 he completely defeated the Beni Khalid and reconquered or ' ’
Flasa; in the following year Bahrein and Muscat both temporarily became tributary
to him ; and by 1833 he had fully re-established Wahabi influence on the Trucial
Coast and in its hinterland and had reoccupied Baraimi. In the same year, howmver,
Bahrein repudiated the' agreement of 1831 and maintained itself against the Amir,
whose coast it blockaded, until 1836, w^hen peace was made. It is recorded in 1830 Bo g eB
that, vdiile pretending to be free and independent, “Turki had agreed, and XXIV, 439.
continued, to pay a small annual tribute to Mehemet Ali Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. , who approved of
his proceedings which he took care to represent in a favourable light.”
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