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Coll 1/12 'Policy in the Protectorate: treaty with the Upper Yafai Chiefs, and other Chiefs in the Protectorate' [162r] (323/376)
The record is made up of 1 file (188 folios). It was created in 14 Feb 1929-1 Aug 1939. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
j
II
various formulae in an endeavour to meet my point of view, while
avoiding definite recognition of the Protectorate Treaties and of
the Anglo-Turkish Boundary Agreement, instruments to which
he maintained that he had never been a party. In regard to the
question of the language, he insisted that it must be Arabic and
was quite firm in refusing to put his name to any document which
^^was not in a language which he was able to understand. I met
the third point by agreeing that the Treaty should be drawn up
in English and in Arabic, each party signing in his own lan
guage, but the interview came to an end without any definite
settlement having been arrived at in regard to the first two
points.
27. On that same evening, however, the Imam sent me a com
plete draft* of the treaty purporting to embody the results of
all our discussions up to date, with a message to the effect that
he hoped that agreement had now been reached. On studying
this draft I found to my surprise and disappointment that no
notice had been taken of the various points on which agreement
had been reached and that the draft, far from being based on
that of August, 1924, differed very little from his first draft,
which I had already stated was entirely unacceptable. We were,
therefore, back again at our starting point, and I realised that the
time had now come when I must consider seriously refusing
further discussion and breaking off negotiations.
28. I was still reluctant, however, to break off negotiations
until no other possible course was open; so I determined to see
the Imam again and to resume discussion at the point which we
had reached at our last interview, ignoring altogether the last
draft which he had submitted unless he himself alluded to it,
in which case I would inform him that it was entirely unacceptable
and that I could not even discuss it. This course of action
proved successful and a very lengthy discussion took place on
the wording of Article 4 of my draft,f during the course of
which I took the opportunity of telling His Highness quite
frankly that, though prepared to defer his claims for future dis
cussion without prejudice to the point of view of either party,
I was quite unable to admit into the treaty any clause which
would question or weaken the present position of Great Britain
in the Aden Protectorate. Eventually, we reached a stage to
wards agreement which put me in a position to say that I would
now put forward to the Imam a final draft of the treaty, which
would represent my last word and which must either be rejected
or accepted without alteration or amendment.
29. Accordingly on the 16th February, I submitted a complete
draftj to Plis Highness under cover of a letter in which I made
it clear that I deprecated further discussion and begged him to
inform me as soon as possible whether or not he was prepared
to accept the draft. The Imam replied on the same day by a
letter in which he still urged reconsideration, without specifying
any particular points, but as I had already discussed with him
fully the wording of those articles which embodied questions of
* Annexure 8.
■j- Annexure 6.
X Annexure 9.
About this item
- Content
The file contains papers regarding proposals to alter the basis of treaty relationships with tribes in the Aden Protectorate, comprising annotated treaty drafts, plus correspondence between the Foreign Office, the Colonial Office, the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Political Department, the Aden Resident (later Chief Commissioner, then Governor), and the Air Ministry.
The correspondence primarily concerns a proposal by the Resident (Sir Stewart Symes) to replace existing individual tribal treaties with a single instrument, and to cease payments of fixed stipends for general service in favour of payments for services rendered. The proposed change in policy was later abandoned by the Chief Commissioner, Sir Bernard Reilly.
The correspondence also concerns Symes's conference at Lahej, and the pact with the Lahej and other Chiefs to defend against Yemeni incursion into the Aden Protectorate; the deteriorating relationship between the Aden Protectorate and the Imam of San'a; and the suggestion by the Resident that a Chiefs' council should be established along the lines of the tribal councils in Baluchistan, to act as the central authority for the settlement of tribal affairs.
The papers dated 1939 concern the Tripartite Agreement with the Qu'ayti [Qu'ayṭī] and Kathiri Sultans in the Aden Protectorate; the treaty between the British Government and Sultan Salih bin Ghalib Al Qu'ayti [Ṣāliḥ bin Ghālib Al Qu'ayṭī], Sultan of Shihr and Mukalla; and the reconstituted Qu'ayti-Kathari Agreement of 1918.
A copy of the Report by Sir Gilbert Clayton on his Mission to the Imam of San'a (Colonial Office, 1926) is enclosed at folios 156-187.
The following treaty and agreement drafts are found within the file:
- the agreement [the Lahej Pact] between the Chiefs of tribes and districts within the Aden Protectorate made 6 April 1929 in the presence of the Resident and Commander-in-Chief, ff 119-120;
- a draft treaty between the Chiefs of Upper Yafa and His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom, agreeing to adhere to the purposes of the Lahej Pact of 6 April 1929, ff 84-85, 64-65, and 46;
- a draft agreement reconstituting the Qu'ayti-Kathiri Agreement of 1918, between His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom, His Highness the Qu'ayti Sultan of Shihr and Mukalla, and the Kathiri Sultan of Seiyun, on behalf of the Sultans of the Family of 'Abdulla al Kathiri, dated 26 February 1939, ff 19-23;
- a draft treaty between His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom, and Sultan Ja'far bin Mansur al Kathiri, Sultan of Seiyun, dated 2 March 1939, ff 17-18;
- a draft treaty between His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom, and Sultan Salih bin Ghalib al Qu'ayti, Sultan of Shihr and Mukalla, dated 13 August 1937, ff 3-6.
The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the end of the correspondence (folio one).
- Extent and format
- 1 file (188 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the folder.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 188; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 15-188; these numbers are also written in pencil and circled, but have been superseded and therefore crossed out. A typescript pagination sequence is present in parallel between ff 156-87.
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- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Coll 1/12 'Policy in the Protectorate: treaty with the Upper Yafai Chiefs, and other Chiefs in the Protectorate' [162r] (323/376), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/1450, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100029535657.0x00007c> [accessed 19 April 2024]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/12/1450
- Title
- Coll 1/12 'Policy in the Protectorate: treaty with the Upper Yafai Chiefs, and other Chiefs in the Protectorate'
- Pages
- front, front-i, 2r:2v, 7r:16v, 24r:45v, 47r:63v, 66r:83v, 87r:118v, 121r:187v, back-i, back
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence