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File 757/1909 'Persian Gulf:- Turkey and Turkish aggression (Occupation of Zakhnuniyeh Island. Attitude in piracy cases. Mudirs at Zubara, Odaid and Wakra) British Relations with Turkey in Persian Gulf' [‎125r] (254/495)

The record is made up of 1 volume (245 folios). It was created in 1909-1911. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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// Ji-o-u .' : 4 ;
'■ V-S
~ f. iLWl/O
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jg^ocun^t is the Property of His Britannic MajeltyVOovernment j
Vi
H
[October 31.]
Section 5.
ASIATIC TURKEY A ND ARABIA.
CONPIDENTIAL.
/39464] No. 1.
f 3 • )M
(No 769 ) Cj ' L ° Wther t0 Sir Edward Grey.—(Received October 31.) U A ^
Six* /
WTTIT + j i _ _ v Constantinople, October 25, 1910.
r T fd^
“'.a“ pH- A ”“”* c “ i “ «*—«*. a
I have, &e.
GERARD LOWTHER.
Enclosure 1 in No. 1.
/at err \ Consul Crow to Sir G. Lowther. ]
(JNo. 57.) j
Sir
W7TTTT r. r j.t_ . . , Russorah, September 28, 1910.
1 /Tw r ^ ere “ ce , to the piratical attack on a Koweit sailing vessel reported in my
despatch of the 15th September last, I have the honou? to transit copy
Sn r /wherder, nt fl- mh r HiS , Ma j eSt y’ S Aoti “g C - lsul Mohammeraht
occurred on the ISth Fe^uary and /th'^rcriar 07 ° a8eS ’ WhiCh are t0 haV6
the Utf Se^e 11 ^ 68 ? 6 ?’ th6 Pol ! tic , al A S ent at Koweit, in a letter to me No. 548 of
committed on ’ re ? 0r i e 1 d . l ° f the P irates connected with the piracy
Amrus One Ofthet Sah , h -. bl “- Ha J ri were “'rested in Koweit on the 18th
° ® of ‘J 1 ® 86 . has turned informer and has given all details of the case. It is
sa d the ptrates ail belong to villages near Dawasir on the Shatt-el Arab, and are
br!ng°the remaini^g^meri.’^ 0 ^ amUiera ^' Mubarak haS des P ateh ®d *"'0 boats to
Information regarding the authors of piracies in these districts is invariably con-
icting, and the inhabitants of either side the river always try to throw the responsibility
on the r neighbours of the opposite side. If the Turkish authorities are Lxious to
£,™- , t u . lt the P Irat es come from Persia, the Persian authorities are equally fervent in
their desire to prove that they come from Turkey. As the riverain Arate on both
sides have been .addicted to piracy ab antique, it is difficult to know whom to believe
when it comes to a question of the credibility of their evidence. The She kh of
Mohammerah s soreness in the matter is easily understood. Perhaps the retirement of
the vah from Bussorah may serve as balm to his feelings, and may lead to a better
entente with his successor in prosecuting a search for the “ incorrigibles,” who still clino-
to the piratical habits of their forefathers. a ’ Clm £
I have, &c.
F. E. CROW.
My dear Crow,
Enclosure 2 in No. 1.
Acting Consul Wilson to. Consul Crow.
n
Mohammerah, September 20, 1910.
n
v
W!
no
vniiR 1 + 4 . . monammerati, septei
YU UK letter of the 8th regarding piracies, asking for details, as you can aet no
earlier Answer. BuSS ° rah ° n theSe matters ' 1 re g ret tha * P^ss of work his prevented an
The following piracies are on record in this office
February 13—Nakhuda Kal Mohammed-bin-Abul Hassan, of Bushire a Persian
subject was pmated on the bar. No details of actual pirates sufficient to enable hem
to be identified were available. Loss about 500 rupees Indian silver coin also widely used in the Persian Gulf. .
il/arc/i 7^—Naklnida Jama-bin Sulaiman, owner of boat “ Saiyid Hasan-bin Savid
1 ^ g - L ° SS ab ° Ut 10 ’ 000 kranS ' incIudin S 600 tomans 10,000 Persian dinars, or a gold coin of that value. calh '
[2930 hh —5]

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Content

The volume comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes, relating to the Turkish occupation of Zakhnuniyah Island, the Ottoman attitude towards piracy cases, and the appointment of officials in Zubara, Odeid and Wakra.

The discussion in the volume relates to the Turkish occupation of a disused fort (built by Shaikh Ali bin Khalifah, Ruler of Bahrain) on Zakhnuniyah Island and the placing of Ottoman officials in Zubara, Odeid and Wakra. Correspondence reflects British concerns over Turkish claims to sovereignty in the coastal area of the Qatar Peninsula and how these could best be resisted, particularly in the strategic context of the construction of the Berlin to Baghdad railway. In discussing Zakhnuniyah, reference is made to typed extract of the relevant page (1937) of Lorimer's Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Gazetteer (Geographical and Statistical Volume) which describes how the Dawasir tribe halted there, during the course of their emigration from Najd (see folio 236).

Further discussion surrounds Turkish obstruction of the investigation of cases of piracy in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. and the proposed visit of H M S Redbreast to Al Bidaa.

Included in the volume are copies of the Committee for Imperial Defence papers 'Turkish Agression in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. " and 'Local Action in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ' (ff 12-15).

The principal correspondents in the volume include the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Sir Edward Grey); the Viceroy of India; the ruler of Bahrain; the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Kuwait (Captain William Henry Irvine Shakespear); the British Ambassador to Constantinople; His Britannic Majesty's Acting Consul for Arabistan (Lieutenant Arnold Talbot Wilson); the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (Lieutenant-Colonel Percy Zachariah Cox); the Secretary to the Government of India in the Foreign Department.

Extent and format
1 volume (245 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.

The subject 757 ( Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. . Turkish Aggression) consists of 1 volume IOR/L/PS/10/162.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 241; these numbers are written in pencil and are located at the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.

The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the two leading and ending flyleaves.

A flap is pasted to the verso The back of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'v'. of folio 188.

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English in Latin script
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File 757/1909 'Persian Gulf:- Turkey and Turkish aggression (Occupation of Zakhnuniyeh Island. Attitude in piracy cases. Mudirs at Zubara, Odaid and Wakra) British Relations with Turkey in Persian Gulf' [‎125r] (254/495), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/162, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100030529667.0x000037> [accessed 20 April 2024]

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