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'File XXII 4 Koweit relations with Bahrain.' [‎46r] (91/106)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (53 folios). It was created in 7 Mar 1906-14 May 1920. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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4
No. 3560-6-14>, dated Baghdad, the 30th January 1920.
From— Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel A. T. Wilson, C.S.I., C.M.G., C.I.E., D.S.O.,
Acting Civil Commissioner in Mesopotamia,
To—The Secretary to the Government of India in the Foreign and Political
Department.
I enclose herewith, for the information of the Government of India, copies
of the marginally noted
correspondence which has
passed between Political
Agent, Bahrein, Deputy
Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. ,
Bushire, and this office in
regard to the state of
affairs at Bahrein.
Dami-ofScial letter, dated 27th May 1919, from Mr. Norman
N. E Bray, on Board “ Lawrence,” to Brevet Lieutennt-Colonel
A. T. Wilson, Civil Commissioner, Baghdad.
Dami-offi'! ial letter, dated 17th Jane 1919, from Mr. G. H. Bill,
Deputy Political Kesident, bushire, to Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel
A. T. Wilson, Civil Comm ssion*r, Baghdad.
Memorandum No. 6-C. of 5th January 1920, from Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. ,
Bahrein, to Civil Commissioner, Bighdid, with edc losure.
If printed I shall be glad of tea copies.
Demi-official, dated Board “ Lawrence,” the 27th May 1919.
From— Norman N. E. Bray, Esq.,
To— Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel A. T. Wilson, C.S.I., C.M.G., C.I.E., D.S.O.,
Civil Commissioner, Baghdad.
*****
I find the following matters at Bahrein very unsatisfactory and consider
we should attempt to rectify them.
1 . I find a considerable feeling of hostility to ourselves due to religious,
economical, personal and war reasons, assisted in a negative way by the
missionaries. Also there is a considerable party hostile to the Shaikh and
consequently to ourselves. In contrast to this I find no British party and a
general lack of touch especially with those hostile to ourselves.
Proposed remedy ( 1 ) Half-monthly majlis to explain any matter of
importance, to act as a vent for public opinion, to hear grievances and to bring
the Agent into closer touch with British subjects and Foreigners.
2. More entertaining especially of those hostile or supposedly so ; up to the
present these have been excluded from association with the Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. . This I
hold to he w r rong policy, as an odd word may give warning of trouble, or a
sentence enable an action to be anticipated.
3. The definite formation of a British party by indirect methods, such as
rewards, which you have kindly agreed to, by closer association, and by visits,
by letters of appreciation from yourself or Mr. Bill, in really deserved
instances, through schools, presents and literature.
( 6 ) The extraordinary backwardness of the place considering its long
association with ourselves.
I propose to improve the water supply’) r. m. i i j • j
To get electrical plant. j Ca P ltal alread y P rom;K ' (L .
Start the municipality on sound lines ; at present it is only a pretence.
Import fruit trees suitable to climate and soil and trees.
(c) The ignorance of even the highest classes. School immediately
imperative and strong support offered, but must he under control of Political
Agent. '
(d) Local industries practically non-existent. I propose to enquire
seriously into pearl button machinery, and, if, practicable, to introduce. Also
to start small industrial school.
As regards ( 6 ), (u) and (d) any amount of capital is available and at
present lying idle.
(e) The American missionaries. I am not at all satisfied that the American
Government is not behind their activities. I will give full details as far as
I have gone in report.

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Content

The volume comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes relating to Kuwaiti relations with Bahrain from 1906 to 1920.

The discussion in the volume relates to:

  • a note of a conversation between the Resident and Shaikh Mubarak [Shaikh Mubārak bin Ṣabāḥ Āl Ṣabāḥ] of Kuwait concerning Nasir bin Mobarak bin al Khalifa the 'outlaw relative' of Shaikh Isa of Bahrain [Shaikh ‘Īsá bin ‘Alī Āl Khalīfah];
  • reported expulsion of Jews from Bahrain;
  • Bahraini political exiles;
  • Shaikh Mubarak's visit to Bahrain, 1911;
  • A note by Acting Civil Commissioner in Mesopotamia, Arnold Talbot Wilson, entitled 'Note on History of Zubara and Claims of Shaikh of Bahrein to Zubara', which includes (folio 44) a small sketch map illustrating the remarks in this note.

Included in the volume (folios 33-34) is a copy in Arabic and English translation of the letter of Nasir bin Mobarak bin al-Khalifa, Chief of the Al Abdullah branch of the Al Khalifa family of Bahrain to the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. . Also included is a map (folio 44) prepared by the Acting Civil Commissioner for Mesopotamia, Arnold Talbot Wilson, to illustrate his 'Note on History of Zubara and Claims of Shaikh of Bahrein to Zubara'.

The principal correspondents in the volume include: the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , Percy Zachariah Cox and later, Francis Beville Prideaux; the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Kuwait, Stuart George Knox; the Acting Civil Commissioner in Mesopotamia, Arnold Talbot Wilson; the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Bahrain, David Lockhart Robertson Lorimer.

Extent and format
1 volume (53 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the front to the rear of the volume.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 53; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. Two additional foliation sequences are also present in parallel between ff 2-52, and ff 3-39; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.

Written in
English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script
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'File XXII 4 Koweit relations with Bahrain.' [‎46r] (91/106), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/5/60, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100033163054.0x00005c> [accessed 29 March 2024]

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