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File 1356/1912 Pt 1 'Turco-Persian Frontier:- negotiations at Constantinople.' [‎212v] (434/885)

The record is made up of 1 volume (436 folios). It was created in 7 Feb 1912-25 Sep 1912. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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bestowed on the hajis and pilgrims and people of other Mahommedan nations; nor
are fines (or else gratuities, “doormeh,” which is not Persian), or anything contrary
to the law or regulation or any other money to be exacted from them; and in the
same manner from the pilgrims to Kerbela, unless they are carrying merchandise, no
tax is to be levied, and if they should have merchandise in their possession an account (R
is to be taken and no more is to be exacted than is customary. The Persian Govern
ment is to treat Turkish merchants and subjects in the above manner ; and hereafter
the validity of this agreement with regard to Persian hajis and merchants is to be
strictly observed by the viziers, the leaders of the haj and by governors and all other
persons in authority in Turkey ; from Syria to Mecca and Medina, both in going and
returning, the Royal treasurer (of the Porte) is to have them under his observation,
that there may be no breach of these stipulations, and he is carefully to attend to
their protection ; if, through fate, there should be any quarrels, the treasurer and
some other trusty person are to endeavour to settle them. And if at any time the
honoured haram of the Shah and the Princes, or any other among the nobility of
Persia, should go on a pilgrimage to Mecca or Kerbela, they are to be treated with
the greatest respect in Turkey.
in the same manner, with regard to customs duties and so forth, the merchants
of the exalted Persian Government are to be treated in exactly the same manner that
the Turkish Government treats Turkish merchants, and 4 per cent, is to be exacted
from their merchandise, and a certificate is to be given to them that no other duty is
to be again required from them in subsequent transactions (of the same goods). And
with regard to pipe-sticks, which Persian merchants bring to Constantinople and other
cities in Turkey, and which could only be sold to one person, that arrangement is
annulled, and they themselves are allowed to sell to whomever they think fit.
And Persian merchants who come to Turkey are, to preserve unity in Islam, to
be treated in a friendly manner, and they are to be protected from oppression and
injury.
Article 3.
With regard to the tribes of Ilyduanloo and Sibiku, which are a subject of
dispute between the tw r o States, and which are now in the Turkish territory, if they
encroach on the Persian frontier and commit any injury, the frontier authorities of
the Turkish Government are to employ the utmost exertion (in restraining them), and
if punishment proves ineffectual, and they will not desist, the frontier authorities are
to abstain from protecting them (the word used is “ tesahub,” which does not mean
exactly protection; it may be translated the frontier authorities are to have nothing
more to say to them). And if they (the Kurds) wish to come to the territory of
Persia with their own will and choice the Turkish frontier authorities are not to
obstruct them. And if after they (the Kurds) come to Persia they should commit
injury in Turkey the Persian frontier authorities are to use every exertion in repressing
their presumption and violence.
Article 4.
Agreeably to the former agreements of the two exalted Governments, the
refugees from either country are not to be retained, and in the same manner the tribes
and Eelyats which go from Turkey to Persia or from Persia to Turkey are not to be
retained.
Article 5.
The property belonging to Persian merchants and pilgrims which has been
retained in the Turkish territory by the decree of the heads of the law (the Cazusk) is
to be restored to the owners by the heads of the law and the Persian Ambassador
within sixty days after the date of this treaty. And if the Turkish governors should
have taken anything by violence from the Persian merchants and pilgrims on the road
or elsewhere, the latter are to appoint an agent, who is to prove their demands in the
presence of the heads of the law; after legal proof the Turkish Government is to
contribute its aid in collecting their property, and a firman A Persian word meaning a royal order or decree issued by a sovereign, used notably in the Ottoman Empire (sometimes written ‘phirmaund’). is to be issued commanding
its restoration.
Article 6.
Should a Persian subject die in the Turkish territories without appointing a legal
executor, the persons in charge of the Byt-ul-Mal will, with the knowledge of the

About this item

Content

The volume discusses the disputed Turco-Persian Frontier, particularly at Mohammerah, and the negotiations in Constantinople to attempt to settle it.

The correspondence focuses on:

  • the differences of opinion over the actual boundary at Mohammerah, including several maps demonstrating these differences;
  • movements of Turkish and Russian troops;
  • ownership of the Shat-el-Arab and questions of access for navigation;
  • copies of treaties, correspondence and memoranda dating back to 1639 relating to the question of the Turco-Persian frontier.

The principal correspondents in the volume are the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Sir Edward Grey); the Secretary of State for India (Robert Offley Ashburton Crewe-Milnes, 1st Marquess of Crewe); the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (Sir Percy Zachariah Cox); the British Ambassador to Constantinople (Sir Gerard Lowther); the British Ambassador to Russia (Sir George Buchanan); the Viceroy of India (Charles Hardinge, 1st Baron Hardinge of Penshurst); the British Ambassador to Tehran (Sir George Head Barclay); representatives of the Foreign Office (particularly Alwyn Parker) and the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. ; and Arthur Talbot Wilson, on special duty in relation to the Turco-Persian Frontier.

This volume is part one of two. Each part includes a divider which gives the subject and part numbers, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in that part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.

Extent and format
1 volume (436 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.

The subject 1356 (Turco-Persian Frontier) consists of 2 volumes, IOR/L/PS/10/266-267. The volumes are divided into two parts, with each part comprising one volume.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 436; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.

The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.

Written in
English and French in Latin script
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File 1356/1912 Pt 1 'Turco-Persian Frontier:- negotiations at Constantinople.' [‎212v] (434/885), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/266, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100036171273.0x000023> [accessed 29 March 2024]

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