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File 2182/1913 Pt 2 'Persian Gulf Situation in El Katr Policy towards Bin Saud' [96v] (194/543)
The record is made up of 1 volume (269 folios). It was created in 18 Nov 1913-22 Nov 1916. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
2
f?
tSt^vLchtoTakki pX> n which P TXr aL! J^orte wa^ reproached witk
the'reputed suggestkns^ medktk'n^^cari 'only \>e that our aUitude wilf V.
viewed tQ ® ay w well founded the Turkish suspicions “^7 be, even f.
they exist, but it appears to me that, having concluded the agreement of July last,
which secures us solid advantages in return for certain definite concessions to the Porte
we are for the time debarred from doing anything which may be calculated to uphold
Bin Saud as against the Ottoman Government. I think that, so long as t iere is any
prospect whatever of the Turkish Government arranging matters with him by the
dilatory and obscure methods of Oriental diplomacy, we should leave both sides severely
alone“ it any rate in appearances, and should only intervene diplomatically if it became
clear that the Porte are contemplating military measures, which falaat Bey assures me
is not the case. As a matter of fact, I believe the Porte will strain every diplomatic
resource in order to secure a settlement on the lines of practically recognising Bin au
independence in the interior while regaining control of the El Hassa ...
So far as I myself am concerned, my principal reason for urging the desn ability of
refraining from further intervention of any kind for the present is that I consider it
impossible to expect the Turkish Government to believe in the innocence of our motives
and intentions. If we speak to them of a new situation of fact they wl j 1 s ay
new situation dates from before our agreement with them of July last. If we say that
our only desire is to promote peace in Arabia and the integrity of the Empire, they will
say, or father, think, without saying it, that for ns to treat Bin Sand m a way which
he^and all his neighbours will construe as a sort of recognition of his de /octo indepen-
deuce is a singular way of helping them to keep their Empire together. If we say
that we have axes to grind in the Ottoman world in Turkey, and foresee no profit
to ourselves in an upheaval, they will receive our assurances with the politest
Other events have recently occurred which, taken in connection with the affairs oi
the Gulf, may have increased the Turkish suspicions of the trend of British policy. _
The Aziz Ali agitation, which moved Arab opinion over a wide area, and m
connection with which my action was purely humanitarian was rendered hable to
misconstruction by the indiscreet violence and partisanship of the Times^ It was the
conviction of the Grand Yizier that Aziz Ali had been employed by the Khedive in
connection with his endeavours to persuade the Sheikh of the Senoussi to make peace
with the Italians, and it is not impossible that the Turkish Government may have some
sort of evidence to support this supposition. Being at peace with Italy, they could not
obiect openly to such action on the part of Aziz Ali, but they have certainly resented
the Khedive’s intrigues with the Senoussi if the violence of the Grand Vizier s language
respecting His Highness is any index of his feelings in regard to them.
^ It is permissible to assume that some members of the Turkish Government suspect
that His Majesty’s Government, or, at any rate, the Egyptian Government, were privy
to His Highness’s activities, which they may regard as a further indication ol tfritisti
interference in Arab politics. .. , , , ,
I do not wish to exaggerate the risk of arousing Turkish suspicions, but it must not
be forgotten that there are people here whose interest lies in maintaining an atmosphere
of distrust between Great Britain and Turkey which makes it additionally important to
avoid any cause of offence.
J I have, &c.
LOUIS MALLET.
About this item
- Content
This volume contains part 2 of the subject 'Persia Gulf'. It primarily concerns British policy towards Bin Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] following the latter's occupation of Ottoman-ruled El Hassa [Al Hasa]. Included in the volume are the following:
- an account of a meeting between the Bahrain Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. (Major Arthur Prescott Trevor), the Koweit [Kuwait] Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. (Captain William Henry Irvine Shakespear), and Bin Saud, which took place at Ojair [Al ‘Uqayr] in December 1913;
- discussion as to how the British will form a working understanding with Bin Saud whilst also pursuing a policy of supporting and maintaining the Turkish Empire;
- a recommendation from the officiating Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , John Gordon Lorimer, that a British Native Agent Non-British agents affiliated with the British Government. be posted to Katif [Al Qaţīf] to mediate between the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. in Bahrain and Bin Saud's local governors;
- discussion (between the Government of India, His Majesty's Ambassador to Constantinople, and the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs) as to whether or not Britain should act as a mediator between the Ottoman government and Bin Saud, in order to ensure that any arrangement made between the two parties is not hostile to British interests;
- a proposal from the British India Steam Navigation Company to run a local line of steamers between Bahrein [Bahrain], Katif, Ojair, and Katr [Qatar];
- debate over whether a British decoration should be bestowed upon Sheikh Mubarak bin Sabah [Shaikh Mubarak bin Ṣabāḥ Āl Ṣabāḥ] of Koweit prior to the Anglo-Turkish agreements being ratified, following reports that the Sheikh may be about to receive a Turkish decoration;
- Shakespear's account of further meetings with Bin Saud;
- reports of a settlement between the Turkish government and Bin Saud, and of Bin Saud's appointment as Vali of Nejd;
- a translated copy of the treaty between Bin Saud and the Turkish Government, dated 15 May 1914.
Correspondents include the following:
- Secretary to the Government of India's Foreign Department;
- Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Percy Zachariah Cox, followed by John Gordon Lorimer, Captain Richard Lockington Birdwood, and Major Stuart George Knox as successive officiating residents);
- Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Bahrain (Major Arthur Prescott Trevor);
- Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Kuwait (Captain William Henry Irvine Shakespear, succeeded by Lieutenant-Colonel William George Grey);
- Viceroy of India (Charles Hardinge);
- Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Sir Edward Grey);
- Foreign Office;
- His Majesty's Ambassador at Constantinople (Sir Louis du Pan Mallet);
- Permanent Under-Secretary of State for India (Thomas William Holderness);
- Bin Saud;
- Hakki Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. [Ibrahim Hakki Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. , in charge of negotiations with His Majesty's Government, concerning Mesopotamia and the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ].
The part includes a divider that gives the subject and part number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in the part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (269 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.
The subject 2182 (Persia Gulf) consists of 8 volumes: IOR/L/PS/10/384-391. The volumes are divided into 12 parts with part 1 comprising the first volume, part 2 comprising the second volume, part 3 comprising the third volume, parts 4-5 comprising the fourth volume, part 6 comprising the fifth volume, parts 7-8 comprising the sixth volume, parts 9-10 comprising the seventh volume, and parts 11-12 comprising the eighth volume.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 271; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 6-270; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
- Written in
- English and French in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/10/385
- Title
- File 2182/1913 Pt 2 'Persian Gulf Situation in El Katr Policy towards Bin Saud'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:70r, 71r:77r, 78r:86r, 87r:92v, 94r:270v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence