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File 1855/1904 Pt 10 'Koweit:- Relations with Turkey. Sheikh's properties at Fao and Fadaghia' [‎56v] (112/398)

The record is made up of 199 folios. It was created in 12 Jan 1908-18 Sep 1912. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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who is already inclined to credit Mubarak with intriguing with the English,
is almost certain to accept the dicta of such prominent men, however impro
bable the story may be. The enclosures to the Shaikh’s letter contain
evidence that these three men may be acting in concert, both in the matter of
delaying or preventing registration of his property, and also in poisoning the
acting Vali’s (Saad Bey’s) mind over the Zobeir incident referred to my in my
letter No. C-43, of the i2th July 1910.
The Shaikh is justified in his fear, and I think His Majesty’s Consul at
Basrah w'ill confirm my opinion that, should these three prominent men support
any improbable story with their collective influence, there is no doubt that the
Turkish officials would accept their view, almost without question.
6. The Shaikh was particularly frank with me, because I think he is now
more thoroughly alarmed than he has hitherto been. He has held out against
all the Vali’s persuasion to register his children as Turkish subjects; the Vali,
therefore, though outwardly friendly, is undoubtedly chagrined at his failure:
consequently, an atmosphere particularly favourable to the usual methods of
Turkish intrigue now exists.
7. I did my best to reassure the Shaikh, enjoining him to be especially
careful in his dealings with the Vali so as on no account to rouse active hosti
lity. He assured me he would not register either himself or his children as
Turkish subjects without the consent of the British Government but he looked
to us to assist him in this present difficulty.
8. He asked my advice as to what course he should pursue in the event of
Ahmad Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. az Zuhair actually sending men to resume possession of the
Fadaghia property whether accompanied by Turkish officials or without them.
I replied I could hardly advice him without reference to the Resident, but I was
sure it would be as well to warn his fellahin Arabic for ‘peasant’. It was used by British officials to refer to agricultural workers or to members of a social class employed primarily in agricultural labour. and agent on the estate (Shaikh
Saleh bin Brahim living at Dora) that on no account should there be any show
of force or active hostility. Should an attempt be made to resume possession,
his agent might endeavour to gain time by treating the intruders hospitably,
explaining that he had no orders from his master and that without them he
could not leave his charge, whilst requesting them to address the Shaikh direct
in the matter. The Shaikh had a letter drafted to this effect at once, and I
trust that in the circumstances my action will meet with approval.
In view of the Shaikh’s extreme anxiety, .1 would solicit the favour of ins-
structions, for the Shaikh certainly anticipates some such move very shortly.
P. 5 .—Since the above was drafted, the Shaikh has sent me a copy of the
last communication from the Vali on the subject of this property, of which I
have the honour to enclose a copy with the Shaikh’s own letter. It will be seen
that the Vali’s offer of assistance differs materially from that described in Mr.
Consul Crow’s letter No. 20, dated the 6th June 1910, to your address. The
Shaikh has sent no reply to this letter.
Dated 6th Rajab 1328, 13th July 1910.
From— Shaikh Mubarak-es-Subah, Ruler of Kuwait,
To— Colonee Cox, British Resident and Consul-General, Bushire.
After Compliments .—I represented to you descriptively on the 26th Jemadi
I 1328 about the dangers which threatened to overtake my property el Fada
ghia and forwarded to you a copy of the letter from the Agent of the seller,
Abdul Wahab Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. el Kertas in which he warned me of the evils of delay, and
I (stated that I) saw dangers surrounding my property but that my confidence
was in your sense of honour and protection. I did not care for all their vain
intrigues especially when I received a reply from you dated the 28th Jemadi I
1328 corresponding with the 7th June 1910 in which you stated that the facts of
the case have been represented by telegraph to the Government by you and that
you hoped that they will be able to devise a proper scheme for the solution of
this difficulty in a satisfactory manner. I was much pleased and remained
waiting during this period, and the present Vali of Basrah used to evince to me

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The papers concern relations between Shaikh Mubarak [Mubārak bin Jābir Āl Ṣabāḥ], Ruler of Koweit [Kuwait] and the Government of Turkey [the Ottoman Empire]; particularly in regard to the purchase by the Shaikh of date gardens at Fao [Al Fāw] on the Shatt-al-Arab, and property at Fadaghia, near Fao, both of which were in Turkish territory. In both cases, the Turkish authorities insisted that the Shaikh should first register himself as an Ottoman subject before they would allow the legal formalities of ownership to be completed.

The principal correspondents are the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (Lieutenant-Colonel Percy Zachariah Cox); the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Kuwait (Major Stuart George Knox; from 1909 Captain William Henry Irvine Shakespear); the British Consul at Basrah (also referred to as Bussorah) [Basra] (Francis Edward Crow); the British Ambassador at Constantinople (Sir Gerald Augustus Lowther); Shaikh Mubarak; and senior officials of the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. , the Government of India, and the Foreign Office.

The papers cover: papers concerning the Fao property, including the Shaikh's appeals for a committee of inquiry and arbitration over the matter, January 1908 - July 1909 (folios 115-199); papers concerning the Fadaghia property, February 1909 - December 1910 (folios 6-114); Foreign Office paper containing a memorandum communicated to the Turkish Ambassador concerning the Bagdad railway question and other matters, July 1911 (folios 4-5); and correspondence concerning a false report in a Turkish newspaper that an allowance had been granted by the Turkish Government to Shaikh Mubarak, May-July 1912 (folios 2-3).

The French language content of the papers is confined to three folios of newspaper extracts (folios 133-135).

The date range gives the covering dates of all the documents contained in the papers; the covering dates of the Secret Department minute papers that enclose them, as given on folio 1, are 1908-1912.

Extent and format
199 folios
Written in
English and French in Latin script
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File 1855/1904 Pt 10 'Koweit:- Relations with Turkey. Sheikh's properties at Fao and Fadaghia' [‎56v] (112/398), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/51/2, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100037401201.0x00007a> [accessed 20 April 2024]

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