'Report on Kurdistan' [‎69r] (142/220)

GARDANEH BAKHAN— Elev. 6,900'.
The final and lower ridge of the mountains, east of Senna, traversed after
the passage of the Khusrau Khush pass by the road from Kirmanshah vid
Kenduleh. The pass is a narrow saddle ; the ridge rising steeply to either hand;
the south-east approach is gentle, the descent towards Senna abrupt and very
steep down the spurs and sides of shaly hills. Water is procurable below the
pass on both sides. The mountains are very bare, but support flocks of sheep
and goats ; there is no fuel; some supplies could be obtained in summer from
a Kurdish camp down a deep gorge, | mile to the south-east. Passable for
laden animals.— {Burton.)
GARDANEH-GAIR—
A pass 8| farsakhs from Merivan on the road thence to Javanrud and Ruvan-
sar.— {Customs.)
GARDANEH-GARRAN or GARDALAN— Elev. 6,900'.
A pass and small river in Persian Kurdistan. The descent from the col on
the west side is very steep. The foot of the pass is 15 miles east of Merivan,
elevation 5,500 feet, and the crest 16J miles, gives a grand view of snowy peaks
and lofty mountains, while fertile and well-wooded valleys rise between.
The descent of the pass takes three quarters of an hour. Astarabad lies below.—
{Rich ; Gerard ; Plowden.)
GARDANEH-GASHEN— Elev. 6,290'.
The point where the road from Senna crosses the Shahu range to Javanrud.
The ascent from both sides is very steep and difficult for laden animals, and to
the west almost impracticable. The pass is waterless and bare of trees, but
grassy. The ridge of Shahu slopes gently down from rocky summits to the north
to the termination of the range at Ruvansar, about 4 miles to the south of the
pass. The nearest villages are Karajian to the east and Khani-Khadran to the
west, each 1,000 feet below.— {Burton.)
GARDANEH HASHLEH— Elev. 6,100'.
A bare ridge crossed by the path from Senna to Javanrud via Yamenan
running down from the Ab-Dalan mountain. To the north, far below, is the
Gav-rud, to the south a bare rocky spur runs down to the valley of Yamenan.
The ridge runs almost east and west, in the former district down to the Gav-rud
and towards Haltushan, which lies on a bearing of 100° ; in the latter it rises
gradually to the Ab-Dalan mountain. The pass cannot be turned and complete
ly commands the approach from both directions. The gradient of the road
to the north is very steep, that to the south along the spur to Yamenan fairly
gentle. Half a mile below to the north is a spring and pool of water; the
village of Hashleh is a mile distant; that of Yamenan 1| miles. {Burton.)
GARDANEH KEIS—
A pass between the villages of Piromeran and Kendehsureh in the district
of Sakiz.
GARDANEH KHAN—
A pass in Kurdistan between Halabjeh and Baneh-Khilan on the road from
Gulambar.— {Rich, from native information.)
GARDANEH KHAN—
A pass on the Baneh-Sakiz road. It begins at 3 farsakhs from Baneh
and is 1 farsakh in length.