'Treaty of Peace with Turkey. Signed at Sévres, August 10, 1920. [With Maps.]' [‎20r] (19/112)

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I he navigation of the Straits, including the Dardanelles, the Sea of Marmora and
the Bosphorus, shall in future be open, both in peace and war, to every vessel of commerce
or of war and to military and commercial aircraft, without distinction of flag.
These waters shall not be subject to blockade, nor shall any belligerent right be
exercised nor any act of hostility be committed within them, unless in pursuance of a
decision of the Council of the League of Nations.
Article 38.
1 he 1 urkish Government recognizes that it is necessary to take further measures to
ensure the freedom of navigation provided for in Article 87, and accordingly delegates,
so far as it is concerned, to a Commission to be called the “Commission of the Straits”,
and hereinafter referred to as “ the Commission ”, the control of the waters specified in
Article 39.
The Greek Government, so far as it is concerned, delegates to the Commission the
same powers and undertakes to give it in all respects the same facilities.
Such control shall be exercised in the name of the Turkish and Greek Governments
respectively, and in the manner provided in this Section.
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Article 39.
The authority of the Commission will extend to all the waters between the Medi
terranean mouth of the Dardanelles and the Black Sea mouth of the Bosphorus, and to
the waters within three miles of eacli of these mouths.
1 his authority may be exercised on shore to such extent as may be necessary for the
execution of the provisions of this Section.
Article 40.
The Commission shall be composed of representatives apj>ointed respectively by the
United States of America (if and when that Government is willing to participate), the
British Umpire, France, Italy, Japan, Russia (if and when Russia becomes a member of
the League of Nations), Greece, Roumania, and Bulgaria and Turkey (if and when the two
latter States become members of the League of Nations). Each Power shall appoint one
representative. The representatives of the United States of America, the British Empire,
France, Italy, Japan and Russia shall each have two votes. The representatives of
Greece, Roumania, and Bulgaria and Turkey shall each have one vote. Each Commissioner
shall be removable only by the Government which appointed him.
Article 41.
The Commissioners shall enjoy, within the limits specified in Article 39, diplomatic
privileges and immunities.
Article 42.
The Commission will exercise the powers conferred on it by the present Treaty in
complete independence of the local authority. It will have its own flag, its own budget
and its separate organisation.
Article 43.
Within the limits of its jurisdiction as laid down in Article 39 the Commission will
be charged with the following duties :
(a) the execution of any works considered necessary for the improvement of the
channels or the approaches to harbours ;
(b) the lighting and buoying of the channels ;
(c) the control of pilotage and towage;
(d) the control of anchorages ;
(e) the control necessary to assure the application in the ports of Constantinople and
Haidar Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. of the regime prescribed in Articles 33o to 344, Part XI (Ports, W ater-
ways and Railways) of the present Treaty ;
(/) the control of all matters relating to wrecks and salvage;
(</) the control of lighterage ;