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Coll 28/56 ‘Persia. Perso-Turkish & Perso-Russian Frontier Affairs. Rowanduz Trade Route.’ [‎3v] (6/154)

The record is made up of 1 file (74 folios). It was created in 12 Feb 1926-27 Oct 1933. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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2
In my opinion, the Kowanduz route can never seriously compete with the
Batoum route for the transport of Persian goods to European markets, and vice
versa. At best it can only be an auxiliary route for special types of high-valued
goods or in case of a recurrence of friction between the Persian Government and
the Soviet.
The Trebizond route would seem to offer possibilities of greater development—^
as an alternative, once the road has been put into good order, as at least this route
leads direct to a Black Sea port, whence goods could be sent by cheap sea freights
to Europe. Freight rates on this route would have to be brought down to the level
of those charged on the Batoum route, as in normal times goods will naturally be
sent by the cheapest routes. As in the case of the Kowanduz road, the Soviets
would probably reduce their rates even below economic levels rather than allow
any appreciable proportion of the transit trade from Northern Persia to slip out
of their grasp. Development of one or both of these road routes could therefore
at best be used as a lever to secure better terms from the Russian railways, but it
is not likely to supplant the latter.
His Majesty’s Charge d’Affaires suggested that the use of the Rowanduz
road by the Russians themselves for transport of their exports through Northern
Persia into Iraq and neighbouring countries might be a possibility. This would
normally depend to a certain extent on the degree to which the Persians succeed
in constructing the proposed road from Resht to Tabriz. It seems to me that the
cost of transport across a considerable stretch of Persian land territory, paid for
in foreign currency, would considerably handicap Russian trade by this route.
Sea freight to Basra would possibly be cheaper even in foreign bottoms, but most
Russian exports to Basra are sent in Soviet ships, the majority of the expenses of
which are met in paper roubles. Such expenses can scarcely be reckoned as
adding considerably to the cost of transport, particularly as the major part would
be paid by one Soviet institution, the exporters, to another, the shipping lines.
S. S.
August 24, 1933.
*

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Content

Correspondence and other papers concerning the development of trade routes in northeast Persia [Iran], on the Iraq border, with particular focus on routes through Rowanduz (also spelt Rawanduz [Ruwāndiz]) and in Azerbaijan. HM’s Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary A diplomatic representative who ranks below an ambassador. The term can be shortened to 'envoy'. in Tehran, Percy Loraine, and the (Acting) High Commissioner in Iraq, Bernard Henry Bourdillon, discuss the Persian Government’s desire to facilitate exports in its northern and eastern provinces, in response to Russia's embargo on all goods except cotton from Persia. The correspondence also concerns British-administered Iraq’s desire to encourage greater trade between Iraq and Persia. The file includes: a memorandum dated 2 November 1926 on Persian exports and inland transport, written by the Acting Secretary in Charge of Commercial Affairs at the British Legation in Tehran, Eric Ralph Lingeman (ff 43-46); a report dated 29 June 1931 on the Rawanduz road and other main roads in Azerbaijan, written by the British Consul at Tabriz, Clarence Edward Stanhope Palmer (ff 19-39); a memorandum dated 30 March 1932 on the Rowanduz Rayat road, written by the Director of the Iraq State Railways, Joseph Ramsay Tainsh (ff 10-15).

The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.

Extent and format
1 file (74 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 76; these numbers are written in pencil and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.

Written in
English in Latin script
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Coll 28/56 ‘Persia. Perso-Turkish & Perso-Russian Frontier Affairs. Rowanduz Trade Route.’ [‎3v] (6/154), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3462, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100050297161.0x000007> [accessed 28 March 2024]

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