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File 3516/1914 Pt 2 'German War: Persian neutrality' [22r] (48/348)
The record is made up of 1 volume (170 folios). It was created in 4 Nov 1914-5 Mar 1915. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty’s Government.]
PERSIA AND CENTRAL ASIA.
.525
[January 2.]
~ CONFIDENTIAL.
Section 2.
» , — ! » ‘
/
[502]
No. 1.
Memorandum communicated by Persian Minister, January 2, 1915.
THE Peivsian Minister presents his compliments to the Secretary of State for
Foreign Affairs. He has already fully explained to his Excellency the state of things
in Azerbaijan, which is causing the Persian Government the keenest anxiety. On the
one hand, Russia is carrying on military operations through Persian territory, which
violates the neutrality of Persia ; on the other hand, Russia employs Shuja-ed-Dowleh
for operations against the Turks. This has gone so far that (as Sir Edward Grey has
seen from the translation of a telegram which the Persian Minister sent to his
Excellency on the 26th instant), contrary to the wishes of the Persian Government,
Persian Cossacks (which are part of the regular forces of Persia) were sent by the
Russian authorities with Shuja-ed-Dowleh to operate against the Turks.
The Persian Minister, in all his communications to His Britannic Majesty’s Foreign
Office, has laid particular stress on the state of public and tribal feeling in Persia
which such actions are bound to excite. The Persian Government extremely regret
that their appeals and protests have so far borne no fruit, and the situation is becoming
graver day by day.
The Persian Minister received yesterday a further telegram on this subject, of
which he encloses a translation, and he is instructed to appeal most earnestly for the
cessation of all acts contrary to the neutrality of Persia, the violation of which is
rendering the position of the Persian Government most difficidt. The Minister is
further instructed to repeat that the Persian Government look to Russia for
compensation for all loss and damage which is caused in Azerbaijan.
The Persian Minister begs Sir Edward Grey to grant him an interview at an early
date, when he will go into the details of the points to which he has referred in this
memorandum.
The Minister has just received another telegram from his Government informing
him that the forces which fought against Shuja-ed-Dowleh, and caused the latter’s flight
to Maraghe, consisted mainly of Persian tribesmen. This confirms the apprehensions
expressed by the Persian Minister to Sir Edward Grey that Shuja-ed-Dowleh’s
employment by Russia would only aggravate the situation by causing tribal war in
Persia.
Persian Legation, London,
December 31, 1914.
Enclosure in No. 1.
Translation of Telegram received by the Persian Minister on December 30, 1914, from
his Government.
YOU are aware of our conversations with the British and Russian Ministers
regarding the evil effects of what Shuja-ed-Dowleh is doing by the order of the
Russian Government, and of the repeated protests we have made and which have had
no result. According to information just received, Shuja-ed-Dowleh, with the forces
which he had collected, accompanied the Russian troops to Sujbulak and fought with
the Turks. After two engagements Shuja-ed-Dowleh, with a few' horsemen, fled to
Maraghe. There is no news yet about Shuja-ed-Dowleh, nor about the Russian forces.
Miandoab is now in the hands of the tribes. Consider what commotion all this is
likely to cause and how difficult it will render the position of the Government. Seek
an interview with the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and explain to his
Excellency the disastrous effect of not taking into consideration our views.
About this item
- Content
The volume concerns diplomatic tensions between Persian, Ottoman, Russian and British Governments, at the outset of the First World War (Anglo-German war in the file). The main focus is the Russian occupation of Tabriz and Persian Azerbaijan, ending with Persia's neutrality in 1914.
The volume covers:
- Persian neutrality and declaration of war between Turkey and Great Britain.
- Russian troops in Azerbaijan, and their withdrawal from Tabriz.
- British interests in Azerbaijan and Tabriz.
- Christian minorities in Persian Azerbaijan.
- Defeat of Shuja-ed-Dowleh in December 1914.
- Anglo-Turkish war: departure of British Consul and British residents from Tabriz and Urmia; Persian towns occupied; movements of Turkish troops.
- Reply of Turkish legation at Tehran to British document stating the causes to join the war, printed on the Persian newspaper Ra'd (ff 111-115).
- Translation of an anti-British proclamation issued at Isfahan, commenting on the outbreak of hostilities between Turkey and Great Britain, signed by Mirza Abbas Yezdi (ff 123-130).
- Looting of properties of the Russian Consul at Soujboulak [sic, in the Tabriz region] by Turkish troops.
There are some letters in French, from the Consul General for Persia at Calcutta.
The volume’s principal correspondents are: Louis du Pan Mallet and Eyre Alexander Barby Wichart Crowe, Foreign Office; Walter Beaupre Townley, British Minister at Tehran; Edward Grey, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs; George William Buchanan, Ambassador of the United Kingdom to Russia; Ernst Bristow, Acting Consul General at Isfahan.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (170 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 172; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 3-170; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
- Written in
- English and French in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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File 3516/1914 Pt 2 'German War: Persian neutrality' [22r] (48/348), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/479, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100051827726.0x000031> [accessed 20 April 2024]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/10/479
- Title
- File 3516/1914 Pt 2 'German War: Persian neutrality'
- Pages
- 157r, 22r:22v
- Author
- Government of Persia
- Usage terms
- The copyright status is unknown. Please contact copyright@bl.uk with any information you have regarding this item.